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Estonian RD&I policy new strategy in preparation Dr. Indrek Reimand Deputy Secretary General for Research and Higher Education Tallinn, 28.05.2013 Estonian context • Very small country – Still having its own language based culture and higher education system – R&D needs to balance between specialisation and cultural/educational coverage • Very dynamic – Unfavoured starting point, but catching up – No stabile economic structure to align the research system • Very lean government – Very simple tax structure (no tax incentives for R&D) • Very “e” – E-banking – 99% of transactions – European largest Public Key Infrastructure – First e-elections in the world R&D is growing fast GERD / BERD Publications Patents FP success R&D expenditure (GERD) in 2011, % of GDP 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 Source: Eurostat CURRENT RD&I STRATEGY AND RECOMMENDATIONS Estonia in European Innovation Survey 2007-12 Thematic foci of current RDI strategy • Estonian strategic RDI priorities are chosen to support research-driven, technology-driven and problem-driven R&D. • Three of the seven national programs are selected with a technological focus – ICT, biotech and material technologies) • Four are focusing on societal challenges – energy, defence and security, health care and welfare services, environmental protection. Targeting R&D during growth • ~ 25% growth per annum cannot be very focussed • Broad focusses apply! • No stabile economic structure exists (fast restructuring even before crisis) to align the research system – R&D should be aligned with future economic structure • R&D policies concentrate to basic values: – People, quality, enterpreneurship, infrastructure and cooperation – On the verge of change of economic structure (critical phase, metastability) R&D may drive economic changes ERAC peer review findings • OUTSTANDING PROGRESS, BUT NOT WITHOUT CHALLENGES • Overall conclusions – Steady progress driven by quality, excellence and competition – Innovation system detached from vast part of the economy – Challenge to further develop RDI system to make a difference in the economy & society at large – Upgrade the role of Estonian industry in the global value chains – Lack of trained personnel hinders growth and investments ERAC peer review some recommendations • Perceive RDI as a means to achieve economic and societal goals – Priorities directly responding to the needs of Estonian society and the economy • More clear focus for Estonian RDI programmes – linked to the implementation of the new national strategy – Fewer programmes of key importance • Ensure coherent and systemic RDI policy – Attention on coordination and implementation of policies – Stronger horizontal coordination by RDC • Harness RDI measures to drive structural change in the economy ESTONIAN RD&I STRATEGY 2014-2020 Estonian RD&I strategy 2014-2020 • The terms of reference for the new Estonian RD&I strategy 2014-2020 were approved by the Government in June 2012. • Ministry of Education and Research is in charge of drafting the strategy in close cooperation with other ministries. • The new RD&I strategy has to be in compliance with the National Reform Programme, “Estonia 2020” strategy and Entrepreneurial Growth Strategy 2020 Goals • Main goal: – Good framework conditions for development and making social and economic effects of RD&I • Targets 2020: – GERD 3%, BERD 2% of GDP (2011: 2,41% and 1,52% of GDP) – 10. place in innovation Union Scoreboard (2011: 14. place) – Productivity per employed 80% of EU average (2011: 68%) • Specific goals: – – – – Research excellence and versatility Increasing the socio-economic impact of R&D Changing economic structure: smart specialisation Estonia is active in international RD&I cooperation Excellence and versatility • Estonian research is competitive and visible in the world, while covering main directions. Estonia is an attractive place for RD&I. Research career is valued. • Targets 2020: – Scientific publications among the top-10% most cited publications worldwide as % of total scientific publications of the country), 11% (2010: ~ 7,5%) – PhD degrees awarded per year 300 (2012 – 190) Increasing socioeconomic impact of R&D • R&D is oriented to the needs of society and economy, appreciating applications. RPO-s cooperate with business and government. State is a smart procurer of research • Targets 2020: – Government budget appropriations or outlays on R&D (GBAORD), except General Advancement of Knowledge: 40% (2011 estimated ca 30%) – Share of publicly-performed research financed by business 7% (2011 2,95%) Changing economic structure: Smart Specialisation • Research system actively contributes to change economic structure. Share of knowledge-intensive business is growing. Value added in export has grown • Targets 2020: – Employment in high and medium tech sectors 9% (2010 6%); – Export share of high tech products and services 15% (2010 10,4%) Smart specialisation: How will we do? • Selected growth areas will have dedicated support programmes • The growth areas are selected by Estonian Development Fund using OECD/EC Smart Specialisation methodology – The economic and research profile quantitative analyses are made by Enterprise Estonia, Estonian Research Council and leading economists. • The growth areas will be supported comprehensively by different policies and strategies • Problems – methodological limitations: Smallness of the region, Quantitative versus qualitative approach – Balance between horisontal and vertical measures (the degree of specialisation) The growth areas • The tentative growth areas has been chosen…: – ICT supporting other sectors • IKT usage in industry • Cyber security – Health technologies and services • biotechnology • e-health – Resource efficiency • • • • Material science and industry Innovative building industry Health promoting food industry Chemical industry (oil shale) Timeline for the strategy • In June the draft of the strategy will be consulted in Research Policy Commission and R&D Council. • The strategy will be submitted to the Government in June together with the Entrepreneurial Growth Strategy 2020. • According to the law, the RD&I strategy has to be approved by the Parliament - the expected time is autumn 2013. Thank you! Dr. Indrek Reimand Deputy Secretary General for Research and Higher Education Ministry of Education and Research Munga 18, Tartu Tel.: 7350316 E-mail: [email protected]