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22-4 Other Reactions of Organic Compounds Elimination Reactions •Elimination reactions remove a substance from adjacent carbons to form double or triple bonds. •Dehydrogenation reactions remove hydrogens to increase the bond to a double or triple bond. •dehydrogenation hydrogenation Addition Reactions • Dehydration remove H and OH from adjacent carbons to form a double or triple bond. • See pg 804 for a Summary of Addition Reactions. • Catalysts are usually required to make reactions occur…catalysts lower activation energy and are not used up. More Addition Reactions • Examples of addition reactions …hydrogenation • Hydration • Halination Oxidation Reduction Reactions • Oxidation to form alcohols… • Steps of oxidation from alcohols…to… Reduction Addition of hydrogen/hydrogenation 22-5 Polymers • Polymers are large molecules composed of smaller links called monomers. • Addition polymerization…all original atoms and molecules are preserved in the final product. • Condensation polymers…a small molecules leaves to make room for the new polymer connections…like dehydration reactions in amino acids. Properties of Recycling of Polymers • Thermoplastic polymers can be melted and reformed into new products. • Thermosetting polymers is one that can be molded when it is first melted, but not re-melted and formed…they have become a ‘single’ molecule. Recycling of Plastics • Currently about 5% of plastics are recycled. Types of Plastic Recycling