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Transcript
Electricity and Electronics
Base of Modern Technology
Electricity
•
Flow of electrons
•
Originally conceived of as positive
•
Now we know that they are negatively charged
•
Flows from - to +
Properties of Electricity
•
Voltage
•
“Pressure” that moves electrons
•
Also called EMF (Electromotive Force)
•
Measured in Volts (V)
•
Measured between two points
Properties of Electricity
•
Current
•
Quantity of electrons flowing past a certain point at
one time
•
Measured in Amperes (A)
•
Measured across one point
Properties of Electricity
•
Resistance
•
Opposition to flow of electrons
•
Measured in Ohms (Ω)
•
Measured across component(s)
Properties of Electricity
•
Relationship of Voltage, Current and Resistance
•
Ohm’s Law
•
V = I*R
•
1 volt can push 1 amp through 1 ohm
DC Current
•
Electrons flow straight through from - to +
•
Used in electronics and computers
•
“Wall warts” (transformers) change from outlet AC to
DC
•
AC (Alternating current) is sinusoidal
Sources
•
Different types of sources
•
Voltage source
•
Battery
•
Current source
•
Ground
Resistors
•
Resist flow of electrons
•
Measured in Ohms with
an Ohmmeter
•
Series and Parallel
Capacitors
•
Capacitors resist
changes in current by
storing energy in an
electric field and
dissipating it
•
Measured in farads
•
Series and parallel
Transistors
•
Used as amplifier
•
Changes in Vin change
Vout
•
3 pins
•
Used by the billions in
electronics
555 Timer chip
•
IC (Integrated Circuit)
•
Large quantity
components in one
package
• http://ecee.colorado.edu/~mcleod/teaching/Ci
rcuits2250/Labs/lab01/index.html
• http://www.play-
hookey.com/dc_theory/fundamentals/
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistors
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor