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Recall Lecture 8 • Standard Clipper Circuit – Step 1: Find the clip value by doing KVL at the output branch – Step 2: Set the conditions to know whether diode is on or off – sketch your output waveform • Clipper in series – clips at zero. It is similar to half wave where the diode only turns on during one of the cycle. Clamper Clampers ● Clamping shifts the entire signal voltage by a DC level. Consider, the sinusoidal input voltage signal, v I 1st 900, the capacitor is charged up to the peak value of Then, as v which is V I M v moves towards the –ve I cycle, the diode is reverse biased. Ideally, capacitor cannot discharge, hence Vc = VM By KVL, we get NOTE: The input signal is shifted by a DC level; and that the peak-to-peak value is the same Clampers ● A clamping circuit that includes an independent voltage source VB. Peak value VM STEP 1: Knowing what value that the capacitor is charged to. And from the polarity of the diode, we know that it is charged during positive cycle. Using KVL, VC + VB – vS = 0 VC = VM – VB STEP 2: When the diode is reversed biased and VC is already a constant value vO – vS + VC = 0 vO = vS – VC. EXAMPLE – clampers with ideal diode For the circuit shown in figure below, sketch the waveforms of the output voltage, vo. The input voltage is a sine wave where vi = 20 sin t. Assume ideal diodes. vi vo What if the diode is non-ideal? vi C + + vi vo - 5V The diode is a non-ideal with V = 0.7V - 10 t -4.3 -10 -14.3 -24.3 Step 1: VC + V - VB – vi = 0 VC = 10 + 5 – 0.7 = 14.3V Step 2: vo – vi + VC = 0 vo = vi – 14.3. Multiple Diode Circuits Final Exam SEM I 2013/2014