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CHAPTER 1 Plants Grow and Change LESSON 1 WHAT ARE LIVING AND NONLIVING THINGS? living living living nonliving nonliving living and nonliving All living things grow and change. All living things need 3 things to grow. WATER FOOD AIR Nonliving things are not alive. Nonliving things DO NOT grow. Nonliving things DO NOT change. Nonliving things DO NOT need food, water, and air. __________________________________________________ Plants need air, water, and light to grow. People and animals need air, food, and water to remain living. •Air, water, light and food are not alive…… so they are nonliving things. Without nonliving things, living things could not survive. They would DIE. THINK ABOUT IT How are all living things alike? All living things need food, air, and water. Living things also grow and change. How do living things use nonliving things? Plants use air, water, and light to grow. People and animals use air, water, and food to live. LESSON 2 HOW DO PLANTS CHANGE AND GROW? oPlants need light, air, and water to change and grow. o Plants also need nutrients. Nutrients are minerals found in the soil. oEach part of the plant helps the plant get what it needs to grow and change. FLOWER SEEDS ____________ LEAVES STEM ROOTS •seeds ---- a baby plant •flower •leaves •stem ----makes seeds ---- use light, air, and nutrients to make food ---- holds up plant; moves water and nutrients through the plant •roots ---- hold plant in soil; take in water and nutrients from the soil Seeds have different parts. Each part helps the seed grow a new plant. TINY PLANT ----uses stored food to grow SEED COAT ----protects the seed 1. A seed will begin to germinate, or grow, when it gets water and warmth. 2. First, the roots grow down. 3.Then, a stem grows up. (**This young plant is called a seedling.**) 4. The seedling continues to grow and change. It makes more leaves and stems. It gets taller and thicker. 5. When fully grown, its flowers make fruits that hold seeds. THINK ABOUT IT What happens when a seed germinates? When a seed germinates, it begins to grow. The roots begin to grow down and the stem grows up. What are some ways plants may change? Plants change as they grow. They get larger, grow more stems and leaves, get thicker, and produce flowers or fruits that make seeds. LESSON 3 HOW ARE PLANTS ALIKE AND DIFFERENT? Plants live in almost every part of the world. Different kinds of plants grow in different places. Oak Forest Desert Pine Forest A pine tree has leaves that look like needles. Its seeds grow in cones. An oak tree has leaves that are broad and flat. Oak trees grow from seeds inside acorns. A cactus grows in a desert. It stores water in its thick stems. Its leaves are sharp spines. The spines protect the cactus from animals that might eat it. Cactuses flowers grow into fruit. The seeds of the cactus are inside the fruit. THINK ABOUT IT What are some places plants live? Some of the places plants live are pine forests, oak forests, and deserts. How are plants in different places alike and different? All plants are living things. They all need air, water, light, and nutrients. Plants that grow in different places may look different, and have different kinds of stems, leaves, and seeds to help them live and grow.