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Background Prepared by: Mr. Mahmoud Rafeek Alfarra Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Outline Traditional File-based System Limitations of the File-based System Important definitions Database management system Components of the Database Environment Evolution of DB Systems Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Traditional File-based System File based system is a collection of application programs that perform services for the endusers. Each program defines and manages its own data. Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Limitations of the File-based System Separation and isolation of data. Duplication of data. Data dependence. Incompatibility of files. Fixed quires of application programs. Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Important definitions Database: organized collection of logically related data. Data: stored representations of meaningful objects and events Structured: numbers, text, dates Unstructured: images, video, documents Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Important definitions Information: data processed to increase knowledge in the person using the data. Metadata (data dictionary, system catalog): data that describes the properties and context of user data. Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Database management system A software system that is used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to user databases. DBMS manages data resources like an operating system manages hardware resources Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Workgroup database with local area network Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Workgroup database with local area network Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Components of the Database Environment CASE Tools – computer-aided software engineering Repository – centralized storehouse of metadata DBMS – software for managing the database Database – storehouse of the data Application Programs – software using the data HW1: Represent the components of DB envi. Using meaningful Drawing. Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Components of the Database Environment User Interface – text and graphical displays to users Data Administrators – personnel responsible for maintaining the database System Developers – personnel responsible for designing databases and software End Users – people who use the applications and databases Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Components of the Database Environment Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Evolution of DB Systems Flat files - 1960s - 1980s Hierarchical – 1970s - 1990s Network – 1970s - 1990s Relational – 1980s - present Object-oriented – 1990s - present Object-relational – 1990s - present Data warehousing – 1980s - present Web-enabled – 1990s - present Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe Thank You… Question ?! Copyright © 2011 Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant Navathe