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Cells: Prokaryotes Biology Standard 1 a and c HIStory • Anton Van Leeuwenhoek: Dutch inventor of microscope; 17th cent. HIS…tory • Robert Hooke: Englishman termed the name “cell” after looking at dead cork under a microscope Cell Theory 1. All living things are composed of cells. 2. Cells are basic units of structure and function in living things. 3. All cells come from preexisting cells. 3 Types of Cells • • • • Prokaryotes, eukaryotes, or viruses Prokaryotes: Bacteria Eukaryotes: Plants and Animals Viruses: Non Living, need a host Viruses • Considered not Living needs a host cell to survive. • Ex: bacteriophage virus Prokaryotes • Earliest cells • Small! • No nucleus (home for DNA) •Discuss a sickness you have had (that has been caused by a bacteria). •What are the symptoms and how was it cured? Have Cell Walls Cell Wall • Surrounds plasma membrane • Serves as protection, made of peptidoglycan Have Plasma Membranes • Surrounds cell; regulates materials in and out of cell DNA • Is housed in a region called the nucleoid DNA • Is usually small and circular • Has plasmids: extra DNA, No chromosomes Have Ribosomes • Sites where proteins are made • Float in cytosol (fluid in cell) Can Have Flagellum for Movement Types of Bacteria Case Study: Salmonella Poisoning • Milk, eggs, water, meat, veggies and fruits exposed to human feces, farm animals • Symptoms: fever, nausea, dehydration, diarrhea • Last 4-7 days, treated with antibiotics and rehydration Case Study: Salmonella Poisoning • Prevention: Cook your Meat! • Wash hands after touching farm animals/reptiles • Wash fruits and veggies • Don’t eat raw eggs