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Historians Study and write about what people did long ago Ice Age • Most of the world was covered in ice. People roamed looking for food. Paleolithic • • • • • 25 million years ago Hunters and Gathers Nomads Adapted to environment Made fire Neolithic • • • • • • • 8,000 years ago Made pottery Made tools out of wood Domesticated animals Specialized Built mud houses and places to worship Had extra goods to trade Mesopotamia Fertile Crescent • Rich soil was ideal for growing and for setting up settlements • Modern Day Countries • Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Syria Sumerians • Believed in many gods & that gods protected them • Used Irrigation to water crops • Built Ziggurat (temple) to worship • Social Classes • Cuneiform (writing on clay tablets) Sumerian Contributions • • • • • • • #1 Writing Literature Wagon wheel Plow Sail boat Mapped stars 12 month calendar Babylon • 2340 B.C. King Sargon of Akkadians “Sargon the Great” – First Empire • 1800 B.C. Hammurabi Extremely Strict Hammurabi Code 282 laws Babylon • Largest • Richest • Prettiest King Nebuchadnezzar • Built Hanging Gardens for his wife from Iran • Used water from Euphrates River and it was an incredible irrigation system Babylon • Ishtar Gate was the main gate going into Babylon • In the center of the city was the Ziggurat (temple) Babylon • 605 B.C. King Nebuchadnezzar ruled his people called Chandleans • The Persians captured Babylon and the empire fell in 536 B.C.
