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Universe Components Objective: What are the major components of the universe? Astronomer: Person who studies stars and constellations in the sky! Stars Blue stars (flames) burn the hottest and have a high surface temperature. Red stars (flames) burn the coolest. Question: Which star is hotter, Betelgeuse or Rigel? Betelgeuse Rigel Sun A medium sized red star. Main-sequence star. Supernova Explosion a star collapses and throws out layers in space. (Star Death) After a Supernova Black Holes: BLACK HOLES can be produced after the death of star. Only happens with supermassive stars. Its so massive that light can not escape! Nebulas are giant clouds of gas and dust. Here stars are born And can also die. Life Cycle of a STAR: Absorption Spectrum: Astronomers use this to determine both the temperature and composition of stars. Galaxies Spiral Galaxy A spiral galaxy has a bulge in the center and spiral arms coming out of it. Spiral Galaxy QUESTION: What Galaxy do we live in? We live in the milky way, a spiral galaxy! Irregular Galaxy An irregular galaxy has a scattered look to it with no distinct pattern. Irregular Galaxy Elliptical Galaxy An elliptical galaxy has a very bright center and very little dust or gas around it. Elliptical Galaxy UNIVERSE (rising bread dough example): The universe is like the rising bread dough, its expanding. The raisins are galaxies. As the universe expands the galaxies move far apart. COMET The ion tail contains electrically charged particles of gas. Comet Has an elliptical orbit around the sun. ASTEROID: A ROCKY SMALL OBJECT THAT ORBITS THE SUN. ASTEROID BELT: A BAND BETWEEN THE ORBITS OF MARS AND JUPITER. Black hole animation: http://hubblesite.org/explore_astronomy/black _holes/ Review What color star burns the brightest? Review a. b. c. What type of star is the sun? Blue star Main-sequence star Super massive star Review Put in order from smallest to largest: -Universe -Planet -Sun -Galaxy -Asteroid Review a. b. c. What type of galaxy is shown below? Spiral Elliptical Irregular Review a. b. c. What type of galaxy do we live in? Spirial Elliptical Irregualr