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CHRIS CEDERBERG DANIEL CHARLES JOSEPH DUGGAN JOSHUA KINSEY HAYLIE PETERSON HOPE RUSSELL PATRICK WHALEN TAYLOR YEARY Overview Design Evolution Chosen design Formation Power Guidance, Navigation and Control Image Processing Telecommunications Advantages Light Optics Designs EXTENSION ARM JACK-IN-THE-BOX EXTENDOR SLEEVE Optics Design FLOWER PATCH UMBRELLA PHOTON SIEVE Selected Optical Design VEGETABLE PATCH Selected Optical Design Telescope Deployment Proposed Design Formation Design Considerations: - CIRCLE - CONCENTRIC CIRCLE - Y-SHAPE - PEACE SIGN - CLOUD Discarded Ideas SMILEY FACE STAR LINE SQUARE POUND SIGN MONEY SIGN BLOCK ‘T’ (A&M) FORMATION NIKE swoosh ARROW ASTERISK V-SHAPE TRIANGLE PLUS SIGN Formation Final Choice: Cloud Benefits - Does not require strict shape - GPS will give position of each satellite - Allows for more error in deployment - Is variable size to accommodate different shadow sizes - Requires enough satellites to obtain sufficient resolution in any axis Requirements - Wmin Wmax Algorithm to maintain relative cubesat positions - Center Communication Satellite serves as origin of cloud - Maintain certain min/max radius around each satellite - Bound max radius within shadow size - Higher distribution in center circle Optical Satellite Communication Satellite Power POWER Photovoltaic Pros: Nuclear Reactor Cons: -High specific power -Affected by -Unlimited power orientation -Relatively -Low maneuverability inexpensive Static Thermionic Thermoelectric Pros: Cons: -Low degradation -Low specific power -Unaffected by sun’s -Low fuel availability position -High power range -Very high nuclear threat Guidance, Navigation and Control Design Tree List of common satellite sensors and actuators Green color denotes hardware we have selected Sensors GPS Sun Sensors Horizon Sensors Magnetometer Gyroscope Actuators Magnetorquers CMGs Reaction Wheels Thrusters Star Tracker Guidance, Navigation and Control Orbit Position GPS receiver Sun Sensor Attitude Determination Requires 2 known vectors for attitude estimation Sun Sensors and Magnetometer Magnetometer ○ Sun and magnetic field vectors in body frame Gyroscope to measure angular rates Attitude Control Gyroscope Orient cubesat and dampen disturbances Reaction Wheels ○ Primary attitude control Magnetorquers Magnetorquer ○ Secondary attitude control ○ Momentum dumping for reaction wheels Reaction Wheel Guidance, Navigation and Control Maintaining ‘Cloud’ formation Algorithm to detect when thrust is required Small bursts of thrust for corrections VACCO Micro-Propulsion System (MiPS) Contains 5 thrusters and propellant Isobutane propellant Attitude control system will need to counteract unwanted torques produced by MiPS VACCO MiPS Image Processing/Computing Data Handling Central onboard processing Image processing Calculate asteroid trajectory Send all raw data to ground for computation Relay raw data through central satellite Algorithm to identify useful information Telecommunications Ground Stations and Data Dissemination Architecture Primary ground station College Station, TX Secondary ground station in order to maintain extended time of L.O.S. with array. Saudi Arabia Data dissemination architecture Broadcast via Relay Satellites (RS) ○ RS must communicate with approximately 1/3 of local cubeSats in array and relay data to ground stations Operating Frequency Decision Tree Operating Frequencies Option 1 Uplink VHF - Lower bandwidth for easier transmission of smaller data Option 2 Downlink S-Band - Joint configuration with UHF not available UHF - Higher bandwidth for faster transmission of large data - less chance of interference Uplink/Downlink UHF VHF Deployable Antenna Systems First Design Consideration “Inflatable” Antenna Systems ○ More than what we need and not fully proven methods. High Gain S-Band Boeing System MIT Sublimating Powder Inflatable Antenna Deployable Antenna Systems Second Design Consideration Deployable Tape Spring Antennas ○ Up to four monopole antennas with various configurations (VHF/UHF) Telecommunication System Overview Frequencies UHF Downlink VHF Uplink RS Antennas 4 UHF Monopoles* 2 VHF Monopoles* Optical Sat Antennas 1 UHF Monopole* 1 VHF Monopole* Transceiver ISIS UHF Downlink/VHF Uplink Full Duplex Transceiver *Number of monopole antennas on each sat might vary depending on requirements and further investigation. Telecommunication System Overview Ground Station Requirements UHF and VHF Antennas Elevation and Azimuth Rotators Satellite Tracking Software Ability to control remotely Compact/Affordable Existing Ground Station “Kit” Innovative Solutions in Space (ISIS) “Full Ground Station Kit for VHF/UHF” meets above requirements. Summary External Cassegrain “Vegetable Patch” Telescope Cloud Formation Solar Panels for Power GPS, Sun Sensors, Gyroscope and Magnetometer for Navigation Image Processing at Ground Station VHF Uplink, UHF Downlink with deployable Tape spring antennas Questions?