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Your body takes in nutrients and oxygen to keep you alive Your body is made of different systems, and each of these systems has a job to do Your digestive system breaks down food into nutrients Your respiratory system takes in oxygen that your body uses to get energy from nutrients Did you know your body is made of many systems? What systems do you know of? Each body system is made of parts that work together to do a job Here are 4 major ways your systems are organized • • • • Cells Tissues Organs Systems Cells are the smallest parts of your body Your body is made of billions and billions of cells Many cells have special jobs A muscle cell is one type of cell Most cells form groups, these groups are called tissues All the cells in a tissue are similar in shape and do a similar job in your body Muscle cells form muscle tissue Different groups of tissues form organs in your body An organ carries out one or more jobs in your body Your stomach is an organ Muscle tissue is one of the tissues in your stomach Your organs work together in body systems Each body system has one main job to do to help you stay alive and healthy Your stomach is one of the organs in your digestive system Your digestive system has an important job of processing food so that your body can use it This process of food is called digestion During digestion, the food you eat is broken down into smaller and smaller pieces At the end of digestion, the cells in your body get the nutrients they need to stay alive and grow What are some nutrients you know of? The mouth is the beginning of the digestive system. Its job is to break down the food so it can be swallowed. Saliva mixes with the food in your mouth so it is easy to swallow As you swallow, the mixture of food and saliva moves down the esophagus The esophagus is a long tube that runs from your mouth to your stomach There are muscles that squeeze the food so it moves down The next stop! The stomach is a pear shaped organ at the end of the esophagus It gets bigger as you fill it with food Strong chemicals from the stomach break down the food even more Once the food is a liquid form it squirts into the small intestine The small intestine is a long, thin tube that winds back and fourth Chemicals flow into the small intestine to help break down food even more The chemical juices that enter the small intestine are from the pancreas and liver The liver is an organ that helps break down the fats in the food Once the food is broken down, it can pass into the cells of the small intestine and into the blood stream When the nutrients have passed into the cells, there is waste left over. These nutrients go to your large intestine, which is another tube which is larger and shorter The colon squeezes most of the water out of the wastes. This water is put back into your body The solid wastes that are left exit through the lower part of your body called the rectum Your body needs nutrients and water to stay alive and healthy Oxygen is a gas found in the air you breathe Your body needs the oxygen to release the energy from the nutrients How does your body get oxygen? Through the respiratory system The main organs of the respiratory system are the mouth, nose, trachea, and lungs These organs are designed to deliver oxygen to your cells Breathing is called inhaling The air travels down your throat into a tube called the trachea, also known as the windpipe (rings) There is a flap over the trachea. Why? The bottom of the trachea divides into two branches Each of these branches goes into a lung You have two lungs Each lung is a spongy organ in your chest the sits inside your ribs Each of these branches divides into smaller and smaller branches At the end of the branches there are tiny air sacs, this is where the oxygen is picked up and carried to the cells in your body by your blood Just below your lungs, there is a muscle called the diaphragm This muscle helps you breathe Your respiratory system has another job to do than just bring oxygen in What is that? Take Carbon Dioxide and water out This carbon dioxide and water is waste that your body will not use This waste water can be exhaled out which is why your breath is moist Carbon Dioxide is a gas It is harmful to your body, so it must remove it quickly Breathing out is called exhaling The diaphragm helps move the air in and out of your lungs When you breath, the diaphragm contracts and moves down This downward movement expands the ribcage The expansion draws, or pulls in air When the diaphragm relaxes and moves up, you breath out