Download Wireless Monitoring System of Vehicle Overspeed on Freeway

Proceedings of the 27th Chinese Control Conference
July 16-18, 2008, Kunming,Yunnan, China
Wireless Monitoring System of Vehicle Overspeed on Freeway
Based on GPRS
Ma Zengqiang1,3, Gao Guosheng2, Song Wanmin3, Yan Yan3
1. School of Mechanical and Electronic Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, P. R. China
E-mail: mzqlunwen @126.com
2. Office of Scientific Research, Shijiazhuang Railway Institute, Shijiazhuang 050043, P. R. China
[email protected]
3. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shijiazhuang Railway Institute, Shijiazhuang 050043, P. R. China
E-mail: [email protected] , [email protected]
Abstract: Vehicle overspeed is an important reason for the traffic accident on the freeway and it is helpful and necessary to
monitor the peccancy behavior of over speed. In this paper, design method of the overspeed wireless monitoring system based
on GPRS (General Packet Radio System) is discussed, and the configuration of its hardware and software is introduced. The
whole system consists of the subsystems of the vehicle overspeed monitoring stations that are distributed on the free-
way and the remote control center. As the over speed action is detected, two images will be captured, analyzed
and processed. Then the information of the overspeed vehicle’ speed, peccancy time, peccancy place serial number,
compressed image and etc, will be written to the wireless modem of Motorola G20 through the serial interface and sent to
the remote monitoring center through the GPRS network and the GGSN gateway. The remote control center is responsible for
data displaying and saving. Integrating the technologies of sensor, number plate recognition and GPRS, the whole monitoring
system stands up the trend of vehicle overspeed surveillance on freeway. The design and application of the new type of vehicle overspeed monitoring system will undoubtedly improve the automatic and intelligent management on freeway.
Key Words: GPRS Technology, Vehicle overspeed, Motoring System, Freeway
1
tment, number plate intellectualized recognition, peccancy information wireless transmission, data query and
etc, have been solved. The monitoring system not only
can provide the more scientific and more effectual supports for freeway management but also will inevitably
be applied as an important subsystem of ITS (Intelligent
Transportation Systems).The new monitoring system of
vehicle overspeed stands for a certain trend inhe future.
INTRODUCTION
With the development of the freeway construction, the
economy increase has been greatly accelerated and the
quality of the traffic service has been enhanced consequently. On the other hand, vehicle overspeed has become one of the most important reasons for the increasing traffic accidents notwithstanding the advantage and
convenience brought forth by the freeway. A recent statistics shows that among all of the traffic accidents, 25.1
percent are caused by vehicle overspeed. There is no
doubt that it is necessary to monitor the vehicle speed
and punish the speeders. But it is the general means to
inspect and measure the vehicle speed by point constables. The inefficient means not only can’t realize
round-the-clock monitoring but also can’t supervise all
sections of a highway. As a result, it is pressing to develop an automatic vehicle overspeed monitoring system to meet the present requirements of automatic and
intelligent management on freeway.
In this paper, a vehicle overspeed wireless monitoring
system based on GPRS is developed with the combined
usage of communication, Internet, image processing and
other advanced technologies. The new system employs
RCM3000 module, which is produced by Z-World Corporation of U.S.A, as a kernel module. The data transfer
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is implemented by way of GPRS , which has the advantages of wide coverage area, high reliability, low
cost and etc. During the development of the new system,
several key problems, such as vehicle overspeed judg
2
STUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE
WHOLE MONITORING STATION
The monitoring system consists of the vehicle overspeed
monitoring stations and the remote control center.
The vehicle overspeed monitoring stations are distributed on the freeway and can monitor the vehicles running on one direction carriageway. When the vehicle
passes and presses the two piezoelectricity sensors that
are laid on the road according certain distance, output
signals of the piezoelectricity sensors will be captured
by the interrupt management system of the RCM3000
module. Then the speed can be worked out in real time.
If the speed exceeds the threshold, two images of the
vehicle will be screened as a result. The first Image of
close shot is used to recognize the vehicle number plate
and the other image of establishing shot is to record the
freeway panorama for the peccancy action. Every vehicle overspeed monitoring station has its unique IP address and the data package, which consists of the overspeed vehicle’ speed, peccancy time, peccancy place
serial number, compressed image of establishing shot
and etc, will be sent to the remote monitoring center
through the GPRS network and the GGSN gateway.
After being received, the package will be partitioned and
*
This work is supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei under
Grant E2006000388.
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stored respectively into the server of the control center
and can be queried by the authorized user. Fig.1 is the
whole structural chart of the vehicle overspeed monitoring system.
A monitoring station
of vehicle overspeed
..
.
vehicle can be obtained according to the order of the
two pulses that produced by S1 and S2 respectively. At
the same time, the speed of the wheel, viz. the speed of
the vehicle, can be worked out for knowing the time
interval of two continuous pulses that produced by the
same sensor. When the peccancy of overspeed is judged
by comparing with the upper limit speed, current speed,
serial number of the monitoring location and the peccancy time will be recorded.
The two CCD cameras are set up above the roadway and
joined with the control mainbord through coaxial lines.
When the CPU of Rabbit 3000 detects the overspeed
event, it will drive the cameras to capture two vehicle
Images. The first image of close shot is to recognize the
vehicle license plate and the other image is to record the
freeway panorama for the peccancy action.
During the night, the luminance is low but the headlights of the vehicles are dazzling, then the number plate
in the image is difficult to be recognized. In order to
avoid the inconvenience, the auxiliary lamp-house is set
up above the roadway and used to acquire images in the
night. RCM3000 triggers the auxiliary lamp-house during the night.
The control mainbord, which uses the Rabbit 3000 as
the CPU, is the core of the monitoring station. TLC5510
is an 8 bits A/D convert controller of TI Corporation in
America. Because the output signals of CCD cameras
are analog, TLC5510 is used to convert the analog image to the digital image signals that can be recognized
by the RCM3000 module. The converting speed of
TLC5510 is 20Mbps and it can meet the need of the
image capture. The circuit diagram of RCM3000 and
TLC5510 on the control mainboard is shown in Fig.3.
GPRS
N
A monitoring station
of vehicle overspeed
k
GGSN
Gateway
Internet
Control center
Fig.1 The whole structural chart of the vehicle overspeed
monitoring system based on GPRS
3
HARDWARE SUBSYSTEM DESIGN OF
THE OVERSPEED MONITORING
STATION
Each station consists of two piezoelectricity sensors(S1
and S2), a light sensor, two CCD cameras, an auxiliary
lamp and a circuit board for signal regulating and a control mainboard that containing RCM3000 module and
wireless modem (Motorola G20). Fig.2 is its structural
chart.
Vehicle running
direction
2m
Piezoelectricity
sensor 1
Piezoelectricity
sensor 2
Signal regulating circuit
To the pin of
To the pin of
INT0 on CPU
INT1 on CPU
S2
Signal regulating
S1
TLC5510
RCM3000 Module
D0~D7
D0~D7
PD0
XINT1
WR
XINT2
OE
RD
CLK
+
To auxiliary lamp
Fig.3 Circuit diagram of RCM3000 and TLC5510 on the
control mainboard
CCD
CCD
camera0 The control camera 1
After the two images of the peccancy vehicle are acquired, the panorama image will be compressed and
number plate will be recognized from the image of close
shot. Then the data of the plate number, the speed, the
compressed image, the location number, the peccancy
time and etc are carried to the wireless modem of G20
through the serial interface by Rabbit 3000 and transmitted to the remote control center through the GPRS
network by the G20. The circuit diagram of RCM3000
and Motorola G20 on the control mainboard is shown in
Fig.4.
Motorola G20 is a wireless modem for GPRS applications, and can offer such services as phonetic call, short
message, Data transmission and etc. Motorola G20 has a
mainboard
Auxiliary
lamp
Fig.2 The structural chart of the vehicle overspeed
monitoring station
The two sensors of S1 and S2 are fixed on a roadway
according to a settled distance of L. Because the output
signal of a sensor, which is produced as a vehicle wheel
passing the sensor, is mixed with many kinds of disturbing signals, it must be filtered and adjusted by the
regulation circuit. Then it will be accurately recognized
by interrupt pin of the Rabbit 3000. In the interrupt service routine of Rabbit 3000, progressing direction of the
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great deal of interface port to connect with power supply,
LCD, SIM card, charger, earphone, microphone and
other special peripheral equipment. The RCM3000
drives the Motorola G20 through the serial interface to
realize connection establishing, data transmitting and etc.
The data-sending rate of Motorola G20 is 13.4kbits/s,
and data downloading rate is 26.8kbits/s.
I/O
on/off/IGN
TXD
TXD
RXD
RXD
RTS
RTS
CTS
CTS
CTR RCM3000
DTR
DSR Module
Motorola DSR
DCD
DCD
G20
RI
RI
SIM VCC
SIM VCC
SIM Reset
SIM Reset
SIM Clock
SIM Clock
SIM PD
SIM PD SIMCard
SIM I_O
SIM I_O
GROUD
GROUD
Fig.4 Circuit diagram of RCM3000 and Motorola G20 on the
control mainboard
The data package, which consists of the overspeed vehicle’ speed, peccancy time, peccancy place serial number,
compressed image of establishing shot and etc, will be
written into the wireless modem (Motorola G20)
through the serial port of RCM3000 and then transported to the server of the control center by GPRS network.. After being received, the package will be partitioned and stored respectively into the server of the control center and the staffers in the control center display
and print these important data and monitor the state of
the vehicle peccancy action of overspeed on freeway.
4
4.1 Subsystem Initialization
Dynamic C language is the software developing platform for the remote overspeed monitoring station, and it
is a software designing tool for RCM3000 modules
produced by the Z-World Company of United State.
Dynamic C is a programming system extended from the
C language and it is suitable for the embedded software
design. The main functions of the subsystem initialization module include Rabbit 3000 initialization, Motorola
G20 initialization, logging in GGSN gateway and etc.
z The Rabbit 3000 initialization module mainly
includes the initialization of the timer, the interrupt management, the serial communication
in Rabbit 3000 and etc.
z The initialization of G20 is implemented by
RCM3000 with AT˄Attention Command˅
instructions, including baud rate setting and
GGSN connection through serial port.
z The logging in module is to drive G20 to connect the GGSN gateway. The process can be
separated into three stages: establishing stage,
authenticating stage and negotiating stage. The
communicating course between G20 and GGSN
follows the PPP protocol[2] and has been described in Fig. 6.
GPRS gateway sends PAP REQ signal
Refuse all setting operation,
and require PAP authentication
LCP negotiation
Gateway agrees on PAP authentication
Q2403A sends user
name and password
SOFTWARE SUBSYSTEM DESIGN OF
THE OVERSPEED MONITORING
STATION
PAP authentication
Distributing IP to Q2403A
Completing GPRS gateway validation
Fig.5 provides the structural chart of Software subsystem of the overspeed monitoring station.
IPCP stage
Three times of handshake complete
monitoring station subsystem
Fig.6 Flow chart of Q2403A to log in GGSN
Communication management
Number plate recognition
Image acquisition
Vehicle overspeed judgment
Subsystem initialization
PPP protocol provides a set of schemes, mainly based
on the protocols of LCP (Link Control Protocol), PAP
(Password Authentication Protocol) and IPCP (Internet
Protocol Control Protocol), to solve such problems as
chain establishing, maintaining, removing and upper
protocol negotiating, authenticating, and etc.
Once the negotiating course ends, the establishment of
PPP chain is completed and a dynamic IP has been distributed to each G20. Then the speed monitoring station
can transport IP package to the remote control center,
abiding by the criterion that has been negotiated.
Fig.5 The structural chart of the overspeed monitoring
station software system
4.2 Overspeed judgment
Overspeed judgment is to gain the speed of each wheel
and compare with the upper limit of the speed. The
speed of passing vehicle can be worked out for knowing
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z Communication managing module divides the
IP packages, which are transported from the
remote monitoring stations through the GPRS
network, and extract serial number of the data
package, the symbol of the SIM card, and the
measured speed data from each package.
z Data displaying module intuitively shows the
characters of speed signal with three-dimensional
cartoon form.
z Data storing module saves the speed message,
which is extracted from IP package, into the
database.
z Data querying module permits the authorized
user to query the historical data.
Fig. 8 shows the main window of the chart of Software
subsystem of the control center.
the time interval of two continuous pulses that produced
from the two sensors (S1 and S2) respectively triggered
by the same wheel.. The calculation of speed and overspeed judgment will be implemented during the executing course of the external interrupt service routine that
triggered by the output signals.
4.3 Image acquisition
As RCM3000 detects the peccancy action of overpeed,
it will trigger two CCD cameras to capture two vehicle
Images. The first Image of close shot is to recognize the
vehicle license plate and the other image of establishing
shot is to record the freeway panorama for the peccancy
action.
During the night, when RCM3000 find the luminance is
lower to the need with acquiring the output signal of the
optical sensor, the auxiliary lamp-house is start up and
can enhance luminance of the whole image.
4.4 Number plate recognition
From the plate image of close shot, we use certain image
processing technologies, for example, plate location,
Character segmentation, plate obliquity detection and
rectification, region labeling, etc to recognize each character in the number plate[3].
4.5 Data communication and management
Communication management module binds up SIM card
symbol and measured data into an IP package and sends
it to the remote control center through the GPRS network.
5
Fig.8 The main window of the chart of Software in the
control center
6
DESIGN OF THE MONITORING
CENTER
CONCLUSION
Speed is a very important parameter in the freeway
safety management system, and is a primary technical
specification, which is widely regarded in such different
fields as bridge vibration state monitoring, railway intersection monitoring, railway station automatic management and etc. In this paper, the wireless monitoring
system of vehicle over speed based on RCM3000 realizes the remote speed monitoring, employing such advantages of the GPRS network as widely covering, high
reliability, low cost and so on. This new monitoring
system has well foreground and practical significance.
The scheme also applies to other kinds of monitoring
domain such as sea, weather, geology and etc, where is
unfit for constructing lineate monitoring network.
The control center uses VC++6.0 as the software development platform and adopt Microsoft Sever 2000 as the
server. The main function of control center is to receive,
display and print the data sent from remote monitoring
stations. Its software system includes several modules
such as communication managing, data displaying, data
storing, data querying and etc. Fig. 7 shows the structural chart of the control center software system.
Control center subsystem
Information query
Information storage
Information displaying
Communication management
REFERENCES
[1] WU Q P. GPRS Technology and its Applications. Journal of
Hehai University, 2002:54-57.
[2] GUAN Y D. Research on Embedded single chip Based on
PPP Protocol. Electron Technology Applications, 2003(2):
18-21.
[3] WANG X H, WANG X G. Improved Approach Based on
SVM for License Plate Character Recognition. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2005(4): 378-381.
Fig.7 The structural chart of the control center software
system
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