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Download Delta Connected Capacitors Vs Wye Connected Capacitors
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Delta Connected Capacitors Vs Wye Connected Capacitors (On Motors and used in Capacitor Banks) Installing a Wye connected capacitors to motors is not appropriate application of the capacitor and can potentially cause a catastrophic failure to not only the capacitor, but to the motor as well. The main reason for this is because Wye connected capacitors are ungrounded and thus can present a potential difference on each phase of the capacitor which in turn contributes to the over-all deterioration of the capacitor and the attached motor. As can be seen in fig.1 below, the failure of any one cell of a Wye connected capacitor presents an unbalanced load to the motor. This will effectively destroy the motor due to unbalanced voltage, temperatures. Example: If you have a 100HP motor and an unbalance of 5%, this will cause a power loss of 25%. (100HP – 25% = 75HP). If the motor was loaded to 85%, the motor now becomes overloaded. The motor would run 113.5% overloaded, therefore overheated and will eventually burn out. Unprotected Wye connected capacitors should not be used for Power Factor correction for similar reasons. In fact, the unbalance protection required for this type of application is more costly than the capacitors themselves and therefore not generally included with Wye connected capacitors. In addition, Wye connected capacitors do not circulate harmonics and thus are much more vulnerable to failure due to harmonics. Fig.1 - The total capacitance for the example above with a failed cell would be 5kVAR Cos Phi 151 Richmond St. S.W. Hensall, Ontario, N0M 1X0 Ph: 519-262-2822 Fax: 519-262-2310 www.cosphi.com Delta connected three phase capacitors however are friendlier to the electrical environment. They not only provide capacitance to each phase but also provides no voltage unbalances (harmonics). If a capacitor cell should fail for any reason in one phase, it will move from a closed delta to an open delta configuration. In this instance the voltage on each phase stays the same (see fig.2 below). Failure of a capacitor cell would only mean a drop in the kVAR on the circuit. In other words, a 30kVAR delta connected three phase capacitor with a failed cell would provide 20kVAr to the electrical system instead of 30kVAR. Delta connected capacitors unlike the Wye connected capacitors are also capable of circulating harmonic currents to a degree within the delta circuit and by doing so help to reduce the harmonics on the electrical system. Fig.2 - The total capacitance for the example above with a failed cell would be 20kVAR Cos Phi 151 Richmond St. S.W. Hensall, Ontario, N0M 1X0 Ph: 519-262-2822 Fax: 519-262-2310 www.cosphi.com Some of our clients include… University Health Network Ford Parrish & Heimbecker Metro Convention Centre Honda of Canada Mfg EATON/Cutler Hammer Schneider Electric General Motors Cosella Dorken Johnson Controls Siemens Pepsico City of Mississauga Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada Sifto Salt Mine Thompsons Unimotion Gear Bluewater Recycling Association Beavers Dental Newform Tools Mitten Vinyl General Electric All company names and Trademarks are owned by their respective companies Products / Services Low, Medium & High Voltage Power Factor Correction (Static and Auto-Switching) Power Quality Surveys Thermal Scanning Transient Voltage Surge Suppression Modeling of Power Systems and Engineering Studies Design of Substations and Power Systems Engineering Drawings Test & Measurement Services Harmonic Filters Power Factor & Power Quality Education (Individual or Group Training) Cos Phi 151 Richmond St. S.W. Hensall, Ontario, N0M 1X0 Ph: 519-262-2822 Fax: 519-262-2310 www.cosphi.com