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Name:____________________________
OBJ 3.05
Mechanisms and Features of Evolution
Changes in __________ ___________________ (types of genes) cause _______________!
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________________: can cause changes to a gene.
o IMPORTANT: Has to affect _________ cells so the mutations are passed on!
 Gene flow: Change in the __________ frequency due to _______________ events (disease, small
isolated populations, etc.)
_________________ provides the material for natural selection to work on!
How do you make species??
New species develop when small populations become isolated from the larger species group or stop interbreeding.
1. ____________________ isolation: two populations of the same species become separated by a
______________ barrier. Over time they become two different species and can no longer interbreed.
2. _____________________ isolation: two populations stop interbreeding because they do not share the
same mating rituals or differences cause them to choose who they mate with. Overtime they become
different species!
Mimicry
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“To mimic= to _____________”
When organisms have evolved to share _________________ characteristics. This adaptation may
increase the ______________ of the organism and allow it to survive better.
Example: Camouflage and wing patterns in butterflies
The Environment
The environment ______________ which adaptations are favorable and which are not. An ________________ cannot
determine if it will be more fit; it’s all up to the environment!
Name:____________________________
OBJ 3.05
Mechanisms and Features of Evolution Practice
1. Explain Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection.
2. What is the primary cause of evolution or change in an organism?
3.
What is geographical isolation? And, how does it allow for new species to form?
4. Provide an example of Geographic Isolation. Explain your example.
5. Penicillin is an antibiotic that was developed and used in the early part of the 20th century. At first, the antibiotic was very
effective in killing the syphilis bacteria. Over time, more and more syphilis bacteria became resistant to penicillin. Explain
how this resistance may have developed.
6. During the past decade, doctors have noted the appearance of several super bugs, which are bacteria that show multiple
resistances to hand sanitizer. The development of these super bugs has been linked to the overuse of hand sanitizer.
Explain how these super bugs could have appeared.
7. Why does sexual reproduction speed up evolution? (hint: Think about sexual reproduction in comparison to asexual
reproduction)
8. What is meant by co-evolution? Give an example of a flowering plant and a pollinator and describe how co-evolution
works?
9. A group of finches were isolated on an island and over many generations, the beaks of the species changed from short and
hooked to long and pointed. What caused this change to occur to create this new species?
10. Provide an adaptation for survival:
a. Plants receiving little sunlight may adapt by ________________________
b. Plants get less rain so __________________