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Assessment Residency Assignment 5
New Castle Top
A. Read Based on Study guide (pasted below):
Microbial Cell Structure and Function Study Guide
Reading: 2.6-2.13, 2.16-2.17, 2.19
Keywords:
Cytoplasmic membrane
Membrane proteins (integral vs. peripheral)
Proton Motive Force
Porins, Aquaporins and Transporters
Diffusion
Nutrient Transport
-facilitated diffusion, ion driven transport, ABC transporter
Bacterial Cell Walls
Peptidoglycan
Gram positive
Teichoic acids
Gram negative
Outer membrane
LPS
Periplasm
Capsule
Fimbriae
Pili
Endospore
Flagella (flagellin)
Chemotaxis
Phototaxis
Eukaryotic Cell Structures:
We will not cover eukaryotic cell structure in class. If it has been a while since you have
had intro bio, please review the basic cell structures in 2.20-2.22.
Learning Objectives
1*Compare and contrast Gram-negative and Gram-positive cells.
2*Predict whether a mechanism of drug action would impact Gram-negative cells, Grampositive cells, all bacterial cells or all cells
3*Describe why endospores are able to survive in extreme environments
4*Predict how mutations in cell structure would impact the function of that structure.
5*Explain how specialized structures (flagellum, pili, capsules) allow bacteria to survive
in a given environment
6* Compare and contrast the different cellular transport processes (e.g., facilitated
diffusion, ion driven transport/simple transport, ABC transporter, group translocation,
etc.) with regard to the proteins involved and the energy source used.
7*Describe unique bacterial cell structures that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity,
and phage infection. (how are prokaryotic cells different from eukaryotic cells)
B. Adaptive Homework is used online at masteringmicrobiology.com
C. Clickers during lecture 1:
Example (LO 6): The cytoplasmic membrane could best be described as:
• A) an impermeable barrier.
• B) a passive conduit for intracellular transport.
• C) a highly selective permeability barrier.
D) a rigid structure that protects the cell
D. In class activity (LO 1, 6): Adapted from Susan Merkel’s Activities published in
JMBE
1. Is the cell wall shown on the left Gramnegative or Gram-positive?
How can you tell?
2. Describe the process a small molecule like a sugar has to go through to get from the
outside to the inside of the cell. (you may find it helpful to label the layers/proteins first)
a. Which layers are permeable to it?
b. Which ones require proteins?
c. Are the proteins specific or general?
3. Where would you expect to find the following proteins (point them out on the
diagram)?
a. Enzymes that break huge polymers like cellulose into smaller units like sugars.
b. Enzymes that synthesize crosslinks between tetrapeptides.
c. Enzymes that allow specific nutrients into the cell.
d. Enzymes that bind to DNA during replication.
4. How would you change this diagram to make it look like a Gram-positive cell?
E. IF-AT Group Quiz
Example (LO 1, 5) : In the figure above, which diagram of a cell wall has a structure
that protects against osmotic lysis?
A) A
B) B
C) Neither A nor B
D) Both A and B
E) Cannot be determined based on the data provided.