Download Unit Review for the Civil War Unit

Name ___________________
World History and Geography 1
Mr. Menard
Exam Review for the 1st Semester – Pre AP
Directions - The following list is a guide to the people, events, places and concepts you need to understand
from this semester. Complete the following terms, people, and questions ON A SEPARATE PIECE OF
PAPER! As always, if you turn these answers in before the midterm you will have the opportunity to gain
as many as 10 extra points extra credit. These questions will look very familiar so if you’ve done all the
questions from the past two study guides for the test, all you have to do is turn them in again!!
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What is a primary source of information? What about a secondary source of information?
What is geography?
What are the 5 themes of geography?
What is the difference between absolute and relative location?
What is the difference between political and economic regions?
Longitude lines run which direction? What is zero degrees longitude?
Latitude lines run which direction? What is zero degrees latitude?
Mercator World Map – Know what it looks like - What are its advantages and disadvantages?
Robinson World Map – Know what it looks like - What are its advantages and disadvantages?
What’s a topographic map?
What does a population density map measure?
What does an ethnicity map show?
What are natural resources?
What are 3 examples of fossil fuels?
What are imports? What are exports?
What tends to increase the price of natural resources?
Define these geographic Terms: archipelago, channel, delta, isthmus, plateau and a strait
What do archaeologists do?
What’s the difference between an anthropologist and paleontologist?
What is carbon 14 dating?
The first stage of man, Australopithecus Afarenis started on which continent?
During the Paleolithic Age (the “Old Stone Age”) was man hunter and gatherers or farmers?
What were the stages of man during the Paleolithic period?
What are nomads?
Which stage of man were the 1st ones to make stone tools by chipping away material and making
and using fire?
Which stage of man was the first stage to migrate out of Africa?
Which stage of man created the first simple language and an early religion?
Which stage of man is credited with creating the first cave art?
Homo sapien means what?
During the Neolithic Period (the “New Stone Age”) was man hunter and gatherers or farmers?
What is slash and burn agriculture?
What does it mean to domesticate an animal?
What is a civilization? Give four early examples from the Neolithic Period.
What are artisans?
Where is Jericho (one of the earliest civilizations) located?
What are the 6 characteristics of a civilization?
Who were pastoralists?
What 2 rivers run through Mesopotamia? Mesopotamia connected which 3 continents?
What is silt?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of having few mountains and deserts in the area of
Mesopotamia?
What is a city-state?
What is a theocracy?
The Sumerians practiced a religion that follows polytheism – What does polytheism mean?
How were natural disasters and diseases thought to be caused according to the Sumerians? How
does this tie into the number of gods they have?
Name ___________________
World History and Geography 1
Mr. Menard
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What is a ziggurat? What happens there?
Who created the wagon wheel and the sundial?
What is bronze made out of?
Cuneiform – What is it? Which civilization created it?
Who are scribes?
What story written by the Sumerians is considered one of the oldest in the world?
The Akkadians are given credit for creating the first empire – What is an empire?
Hammurabi’s Code – What was it? Where is it from? Worked on the basis of what? Was everyone
treated the same whether you be rich or poor or man or woman?
Where are the Hittites from?
What’s so unusual about the flow of the Nile River? How is this caused?
What are the disadvantages of the Nile?
What are cataracts and how were they bad for Egyptians travelling down the Nile?
Why did people settle near the Nile River?
What is papyrus?
What animals were brought with the Nile? What plants were brought with the Nile?
Because of the Nile, the Egyptians could trade what goods with other civilizations?
What is a monarchy?
Egypt’s history was divided into the Old, Middle, and New what?
What king united Upper and Lower Egypt?
What is a pharaoh?
What is a theocracy?
What is a bureaucracy? How is it found in Egypt and in the US?
Slavery – did Egyptians always have it? Who were the slaves? Could you get out of being a
slave?
Why were the Hyksos able to defeat the Egyptians?
What did the Egyptians use to make their tools until the Hyksos forced them to change their ways?
Why did pharaohs like Ramses II, Amenhotep, and King Tutt hide their treasures in Upper Egypt?
The Nubian/Kush Empire grew out of what other empire?
Who were the Egyptian gods? What were their duties? How did one get eternal life?
Who made up the ruling class in ancient Egypt under the pharaoh and his family?
What are hieroglyphics and how were they finally able to be translated today?
What is a peninsula? Is India a peninsula?
What two mountain ranges near India protected its people from invaders?
What are the two main rivers that run through India?
Monsoons – What are they? How can the summer monsoons effect the growing of crops?
Because of which 2 cities in the Indus River Valley do we know so much about them today?
How did the logos/pictograms develop?
Why did the Chinese think they were the center of the universe?
Which deserts kept invaders out of China?
Yellow River – Also known as what? What’s the name of the special soil it brings? Why is it
called “Great Sorrow”?
What is a dynasty again? Name some Chinese examples.
The Shang dynasty made items out of 4 things?
What were oracle bones used for?
Where did the Chinese get their idea for their unique form of writing?
What is a mandate from heaven?
What is the dynastic cycle?
What is feudalism?
The trading Minoans were a major influence on whom?
The Aramaic language (from the Armenians) is a mixture of what 2 languages?
What culture was considered the major trading people of the early civilizations due to their trading
posts, trade routes, and most importantly their alphabet?
What is a confederation?
What are textiles?
Name ___________________
World History and Geography 1
Mr. Menard
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What other alphabets did the Phoenician alphabet influence?
What is barter? What did the Lydians create because they did not like barter?
What is the Torah?
Why is Judaism a monotheistic religion?
What is a covenant? What do the Hebrews get in return for following God’s covenant with them
according to God’s agreement with Abraham? What role does the 10 commandments play
eventually into this covenant?
100. One of the most important people in Judaism is Abraham - What other religions does Abraham
also influence?
101. Why is Moses so special to Judaism?
102. What does exodus mean?
103. Kings Saul and David established what capital city and kingdom that is still important to the
Jewish faith today?
104. What is a synagogue?
105. What’s an empire?
106. The Assyrian army was split into 3 divisions – What were those divisions?
107. What’s a province?
108. King Ashubanipal constructed what to preserve Sumerian writing?
109. What did the Assyrians do to people that went against them?
110. What does exile mean?
111. The Chaldeans grew out of what older empire? Who was their leader?
112. Where is present-day Persia?
113. What Persian ruler expanded the empire by almost taking on the entire Middle East?
114. What is a satrap?
115. What did the Persians do with the people they conquered and those who opposed them? How is
this different than what the Assyrians did?
116. What Persian ruler came up with a road system that connected the Persian Empire together?
117. What is a caravan?
118. What was the name of the Persian religion? What does it have in common with other religions
today?
119. What are steppes?
120. What about the Indo-Europeans is similar to us today?
121. What does migration/migrate mean?
122. What did the Hittites borrow from other cultures to create their own?
123. Aryans – What type of tribe were they? How did they treat the darker skinned natives of the Indus
River Valley? What are nobles?
124. What animal was considered sacred to the Aryans due to its many uses and the wars fought over
them?
125. What was the Aryan language called? What was the name of their book of knowledge?
126. Caste System – what is it? What are its 5 levels?
127. Who are the only classes who could examine the Vedas?
128. What is dharma?
129. What is the Mahabharata?
130. What is karma?
131. What 2 religions were influenced by the caste system?
132. What Indian leader defeated what was left of Alexander the Great’s army?
133. Asoka of the Mauryan Empire was inspired by what religion in to changing his violent ways?
134. What is religious toleration?
135. What’s a patriarchal society? What’s a matriarchal society?
136. During what empire was the Golden Age of India?
137. What goods were traded on the roads of India?
138. What are silk roads? Where did they go? What religions did they spread?
139. Indian culture was spread to Southeast Asia – where’s that?
140. Hinduism was created in what country? (Hint: its where most of its followers live)
Name ___________________
World History and Geography 1
Mr. Menard
141. Hinduism originated in part thanks to what light-skinned people who invaded the Indus and
Ganges River valley people?
142. Why are cows sacred in Hinduism?
143. What is the book of knowledge in the Hindu religion that was borrowed from the Aryans which
keeps its gods happy?
144. What book talked about the connection that Aryans/Indians had with the universe?
145. Who is at the top of the Varna system again? Who is at the bottom?
146. What is the “supreme soul” in Hinduism?
147. What jobs did Shiva, Brahma, and Vishnu have?
148. What’s so special about the Ganges River?
149. What determines what you are reincarnated as in Hinduism?
150. What is Buddha’s real name? What does “Buddha” mean?
151. Buddhism started in which country with a “caste” system?
152. What are the 4 Noble Truths of Buddhism? What path do we need to follow?
153. What is nirvana?
154. What is the holy book of Buddhism?
155. What is a pagoda?
156. Confucius formed what philosophy?
157. What is ethics?
158. Complete the blank – Confucius believed everyone was _________ at heart.
159. In order to be a productive member of society according to Confucianism what did you have to do?
160. What is filial piety?
161. What is reciprocity?
162. What was the name of Confucius’ book of philosophies?
163. Confucius came up with what type of test to measure a student’s knowledge? What are these tests
used for today? What did you get if you get a high score on these tests in ancient China?
164. Who founded Taoism/Daoism? What book do Taoists/Daoists read while meditating?
165. How did the Legalists believe that the government should treat its people?
166. Complete the blank – The Legalists believed everyone was _________ at heart.
167. Why did Chinese emperor Shi Huangdi and his nobles not like Confucius?
168. What is an autocracy?
169. The Great Wall of China was built to do what? What happened to workers who refused to work on
the Great Wall?
170. How long did the peaceful Han dynasty last in China?
171. What’s a centralized government?
172. Which Han leader expanded the Great Wall of China?
173. What tests did the Han dynasty use to manage all of the Chinese workers?
174. What was invented by the Han dynasty to make sure records were written down properly?
175. What’s a monopoly?
176. What’s assimilating mean?
177. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having all of those mountains in Greece?
178. How did Greek geography have an impact on the 3 most common jobs found in Greece?
179. The Mycenaean’s literally married into what culture that eventually became the Greeks?
180. According to Homer how did the Trojan War start? According to us today, why was the war
fought?
181. How did the Ionians conquer the Mycenaean’s?
182. What happened to Greek trade and schools during the Ionic occupation?
183. Homer – What was so unusual about this writer? He taught the importance of what 3 qualities?
184. What is an epic poem?
185. The Iliad – It was written about what war? How did the Mycenaean’s win?
186. Odyssey – in the Odyssey god of the sea stops Odysseus from going home?
187. In what sea is Greece (Hint: its also the name of the climate of the area)?
188. The Greeks are considered polytheistic – What does this mean?
189. Who was the ruler of the gods after he killed his father Cronus?
190. What is the name of the Greek god of the sea? God of war? God of truth? Goddess of wisdom?
Name ___________________
World History and Geography 1
Mr. Menard
191. Where could you find images of the Greek gods?
192. Who is Athens named after?
193. What the Greek name for a city? What’s at the center of the city?
194. Citizens in Greece could do what?
195. What are the requirements to be a citizen of Greece?
196. Why did colonies develop in Greece?
197. Who rules in a monarchy?
198. Who rules in an oligarchy? What about an aristocracy?
199. Who rules in a tyranny? Why?
200. Who rules in a democracy?
201. Athens was considered what type of government? What about Sparta?
202. Who is Solon?
203. What did Draco come up with to help the Greeks?
204. What two empires fought in the Persian War? Who helped the Ionians, which got the other side
so angry?
205. What happened at the battle of Marathon?
206. What people at the Battle of Thermopylae bought the Athenians enough time to organize their
navy and eventually conquer the Persians at the naval battle of Salamis?
207. Who was the ruler during the so-called “Golden Age of Athens” after the Persian War? What were
the 3 main parts of his plan to rebuild Greece?
208. What temple did this leader of the Golden Age want to rebuild?
209. The Peloponnesian War started when what Greek city-state became too greedy? What did this city
do to anger the other city-states?
210. Who made up the Delian League? What about the Peloponnesian League?
211. Whose navy did the Spartans get to help defeat this greedy city-state?
212. What were the results of the Peloponnesian War?
213. What are the 3 different types of Greek columns?
214. Who made the statue “Athena”?
215. The Parthenon was built for which goddess?
216. What is a tragedy? Who wrote Oedipus the King?
217. The Olympics honors what 2 gods?
218. What is a philosopher?
219. What Greek philosopher believed in telling the truth at all times through his brutal truth method?
220. Which philosopher wrote the Republic? Who did he think should rule?
221. Which philosopher taught Alexander the Great? Which type of government did he think was best?
222. Who is the “father of history” – what war did he write about?
223. Thucydides wrote about which war?
224. What Greek scientist unfortunately believed that the sun revolved around the earth?
225. What was Archimedes’ contributed a lot to the field of engineering – what’s engineering?
226. What’s Hippocrates’ contribution to society?
227. Euclid and Pythagoras were both mathematicians – but what did they contribute to us?
228. Phillip II came from where? Who was his famous son? What were his 3 steps in conquering
Greece and the Persian Empire?
229. Alexander the Great spread whose ideas and culture around the world? (Hint: its another name for
Greek ideas and starts with an “H”)
230. In 334 BCE, Alexander defeated which empire?
231. What area did Alexander not conquer because his troops refused to follow him?
232. What was the name of the Egyptian city established by Alexander to act as a learning center for the
world?
NOTE: THE MIDTERM EXAM WILL NOT TEST ANY MATERIAL ON THE ROMAN EMPIRE
– PLEASE SAVE YOUR NOTEBOOK ENTRIES (2-27 to 2-32) AND STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
HAVING TO DO WITH THE ROMAN EMPIRE FOR NEXT SEMESTER WHERE YOU WILL
BE GRADED ON IT!
Name ___________________
World History and Geography 1
Mr. Menard
And the Essay/Map Questions…
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Your map section (worth 30 points) will consist of an additional 30 multiple choice questions in
which you will have to chose the location of the following geographic items listed below most of
which can also be found on “Middle East Map” and “East Asia Map” from the 1 st nine weeks
notebook and the “Map of Greece” from the second nine weeks notebook and the back on entry 24.
Asia
Europe
Africa
Atlantic Ocean (it’s west of Europe and Africa!)
Prime Meridian (zero degrees longitude)
Equator (zero degrees latitude)
Nile River (it’s a very long river!)
Tigris River (it’s on top of the Euphrates)
Euphrates River
Asia Minor/Turkey/Anatolia/Ionia (remember it’s all the same thing!)
Black Sea
Canaan/Israel
Mesopotamia
Egypt
Red Sea
Persian Gulf
Pacific Ocean
Indus River
Yellow/Hueng He River
Ganges River
India
China
Himalaya Mountains
Gobi Desert
Indian Ocean
Bay of Bengal
Arabian Sea
Greece
Mediterranean Sea
Aegean Sea
Your essay section (worth 20 points) shall consist of you picking between one of the following essays:
1) Compare the effects of the Persian and Peloponnesian wars on Greece. Please include names of
countries and/or city-states involved in each conflict/war. Which had the biggest impact on Greece?
Defend your reason in a 5 paragraph essay.
Points Breakdown
 Effects of Persian War – 5 points
 Effects of Peloponnesian War – 5 points
 Which had biggest impact/effect on Greece - 2 points
 Why do you think so? Defend your reason – 3 points
 “How to Organize Your Thoughts for a DBQ Essay” Outline (to be turned in before the exam
starts) – 5 points
Name ___________________
World History and Geography 1
Mr. Menard
2) This nine weeks, we talked about the great Greek city-states Sparta and Athens. Different as night and
day, each one had its own advantages and disadvantages according to historians. The question is which
would you rather live in – Sparta or Athens? In this 5 paragraph essay, with an intro, body, and closing,
tell us which would rather live in and why in terms of the categories of: government/laws/economics, the
military, and education/social characteristics of each civilization.
Points Breakdown
 Your Opinion – Sparta or Athens – 3 Points
 3 reasons – 12 points – 4 points for the comparison of the government/laws/economics
characteristics in both city-states, 4 points for the comparison of the military in both city-states,
and 4 points for the comparison of the education/social characteristics in both city-states)
 “How to Organize Your Thoughts for a DBQ Essay” Outline (to be turned in before the exam
starts) – 5 points
Name ___________________
World History and Geography 1
Mr. Menard
How to Organize Your Thoughts for a DBQ – 5 Points
As you continue to be in this class and future Social Studies related courses you are going
to have to know how to answer what’s known as a Document Based Question or “DBQ.”
The following guide will hopefully be good practice in helping you solve these types of
problems.
Step 1: Summarize the Question (1 point)
Step 2: List 20 to 30 important pieces of SPECIFIC, FACTUAL information to solve
the question. (1 point)
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Step 3: List the facts that have similar characteristics under categories and give each
category a heading (2 points)
Category 1______________ Category2 ______________ Category 3 _______________
Name ___________________
World History and Geography 1
Mr. Menard
Step 4: Generate a main idea sentence for each category which shows what all the facts
have in common and then rank each your sentences according to either which one you
think best answers the question at hand or the order you want to communicate your 3
arguments in the paper. (1 point)
Category 1 Topic Sentence –
Rank –
Category 2 Topic Sentence –
Rank –
Category 3 Topic Sentence –
Rank –
Now hopefully the DBQ won’t be so tough!
Remember though, on the real AP test you won’t be able to use this sheet!