Download The High Middle Ages - McCook Public Schools

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William the Conqueror took the throne of
England in 1066, he helped unify England
and strengthen the monarchy.
He made a system of tax collecting that
also strengthen finances and the law.
Other kings broadened the system of
royal justice by making a basis of
common law-a law that is common or
the same of all people- regardless of the
rank.
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There was a jury- group of men sworn to
speak the truth, determined which cases
should be brought to trial- established to
keep things in order.
Your level of class didn’t matter when it
come laws, whether you’re peasants or
workers, or nobility you always have to
follow common law.
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As the English kings strengthened the
throne, the conflicted with the nobles
and the Church.
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Out of those struggles came the
traditions of government that would
influence the modern world
The Magna Carta had two main ideas
that in the long run would shape the
government traditions.
- Over time the rights that had been
granted to the nobles would be granted to
all English citizens.
- It made it clear that the monarch,
like all of the other subjects, had to obey
the law.
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The law includes:
- Respecting the rights of other people
- Not to raise taxes without consulting the
great council of lords and clergies.
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Eventually the Great Council became
the Parliament.
King John was forced to sign the
Magna Carta in Runnymede in 1215.
All kings after Charlemagne that ruled the
center of the Carolingian empire took the
title from the pope of Holy Roman Emperor.
- Eventually through the spread of power
and the spread of the Church the pope
and even the men he had crowned had
disputes
- Some of the first dealt with the naming of
Bishops, and the control of papal lands.
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The pope actually tried to say that they had
the power to remove kings and emperors
by excommunication- exclusion from the
Roman Catholic Church as a penalty for
refusing to obey Church laws- not allowing
the person to partake in the sacramentssacred ritual of the Roman Catholic Churchor sacred rituals of the Roman Catholic
Church.
- In the 1200’s the church reached it peak
and it led to the election of the French
Pope and the decline of the papacy.
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In the 1050, Western Europe we barely
emerging from isolation.
- Their land had been threatened by the
Muslim Empire, which had grown and
thrived during the early middle ages.
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- With the Muslims attacking the Byzantine
Empire, which was the Eastern Roman
Empire, and Christian, the Pope called for
all Christians to rush to the aide of the
Byzantines and defeat the Muslim hordes.
- Pope Urban II from Clermont called for
the Crusades, or Holy War to ensure that
Christians controlled the Holy Land.
For 200 years the crusaders marched and
fought to get control of Palestine, the Holy
land.
- The Crusades fail their chief goal, to
conquest the Holy Land, and they left a
bitter legacy of religion behind them.
- However the Crusades increased
European trade, heightened papal power,
and increased the power of the feudal
monarchs.
- They also introduced the Christians to new
land they didn’t know existed.
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As the economic and political conditions
improved in the High Middle Ages, a revival
of learning started to take place.
- Starting in the Church, they wanted more
educated clergy; Royals needed educated
aides and heirs.
- Schools began by the Church and
eventually became the first
colleges. Classics started to be translated
from Latin into the vernacular- everyday
language of ordinary people- or everyday
speech.
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In the last middle ages a series of disasters
struck.
- The Bubonic Plague-a disease spread by fleas
on rats-raged through the world and
eventually throughout the world.
- Unsanitary conditions aided in the spread of
this, and it was called the black death. 1/3 of
the people died.
- Economic ruin followed Famine and war
added to the problems and Europe would not
recover for another 100 years. The 1330’s was the
start of the plague.
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- Q: What was the English idea that all must
follow the same rules in society called?
- A: Common Law
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Q: What did William the Conqueror help
to establish in England that allowed
people to have a group of people
instead of one person decide their guilt
or innocence?
A: The Jury
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Q:What was King John forced to sign
that limited the power of the monarch in
England in 1215?
A: The Magna Carta
Q: What was it called when a person
was kicked out of the Church and could
not partake in the sacraments?
A: Excommunication
Q: What were the Holy Wars called when
Europe tried to free the Holy Land?
- A: The Crusades
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Q: What is VERNACULAR?
A: The everyday language of ordinary
people
Q: What was the bubonic plague called in
Medieval times?
- A: The Black Death
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About 1140, Medieval
architects developed the
Gothic style of architecture,
exemplified by the cathedral
in Paris.
King John
was forced
to sign the
Magna
Carta in
Runnymede
in 1215.
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King John
- http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/king_john.ht
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World History
- Copyright © Prentice Hall 2005
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Mr. Mays Homepage
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