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CORINTH
Geographic Location ­ Corinth is a city and former municipality in Corinthia, Peloponnese, Greece. Corinth is 78 kilometres west of Athens. Accomplishments in Art and Architecture: Corinth Architecture: ­ Corinthian architecture thrived under the aristocratic family Bacchiadae (ruling family in the 7th and 8th century BCE) ­ Built the Temple of Apollo based off the myth of Marsyas, the inventor of the diaulos (instrument) ­ Built in around 540 BCE ­ Doric style ­ monolithic (made from single pieces of stone) ­ Floor under each colonnade rises in a convex curve ­ the earliest known use of this refinement Corinth Pottery: ­ Famous for its pottery ­ Known for creating vases with angular geometric patterns ­ Later influenced the ‘orientalizing’ of Greek pottery through their contact with the Near East. ­ Proto­Corinthian style: mostly miniatures, first to be decorated by black­figure painting style (silhouettes drawn in black and filled with incised details) ­ Primary motifs are similar to the Middle East: animals in procession and humans, sometimes from myths The Corinth order is a type of column named after Corinth but was not actually created by Corinthians or commonly used by the Ancient Greeks Main source / items of trade / basis for economy ­ Corinthians manufactured perfumes, pottery, wine and olive oil. Corinth is mostly known as a port city and hosted merchants from all around the known world. Education ­ Until they were seven years old, children were educated at home by their mother or a male slave in art and science. From seven to fourteen, they attended a day school to be educated in drama, poetry, art, science, and public speaking. If their parents could afford it, they went to a higher school. Afterward, boys went to at least two years of military school. The girls’ education was similar to that of Athenians; they learned domestic chores from their mother like sewing, cooking, and cleaning because parents were afraid that their daughters would become spoiled of they learned how to read. However there were some parents to ignored this paranoia and taught them anyway. ​
Corinth thought that their schools were as good as those in Athens. They were maybe not as fancy, but the level of education in Corinth was outstanding. Class Structure/Gender roles­ ● Very similar to Athens government ● Ditched monarchy, obtained oligarchy ● Accepted people from different places ● Men in Oligarchy had the highest rankings ● Merchants were middle class ● Farmers and Slaves were in the lowest rankings Men Roles ● Before the age of 7, boys were educated by their mothers or male slaves ● Boys age 7­14 would attend actual school if you could afford it ● Boys would be expected to go to military school for at least 2 years ● Men were expected to take part in public life and government Women Roles ● Women were expected to marry at the age of 14 or 15 to a man age 30 or older ● Raise family ● Supervise slaves ● help children learn from the ages of 7­14 Style of Government
Corinth's government switched from a tyranny to a monarchy to an oligarchy. The
first ruler was a tyrant named Cypselus, who helped Corinth gain the reputation as
a trade and cultural center. When the son of Cypselus,​
Periander took over power
​
he became a king.​
Periander helped stabilize trade, created a new coinage system,
​
created a successful public works program, and provided peace and prosperity in
order for Corinth to flourish. Because of these accomplishments he was considered
one of the seven wise men of Greece. Later,​
Periander became paranoid because of the
critics he had who were not happy with the drastic measures he took in order to improve
Corinth. As a result he demanded 24/7 protection and eventually lost it when he murdered
his mistress and exiled his own son. After this Corinth became a stable oligarchy, with a
king and several powerful advisors.
Military/Naval Success Joined Sparta in the Greco­Persian wars, Defeated Athens in the Peloponnesian Wars, defeated Sparta in the Corinthian Wars Famous People ­ Tatiana Corinth was conquered by Philip II of Macedon in 338 BC, but it was named the meeting place of Philip's new Hellenic confederacy. After Philip was assassinated, Alexander the Great immediately came to Corinth to meet with the confederacy, confirm his leadership, and forestall any thoughts of rebellion. At the Isthmian Games of 336 BC, the Greeks chose Alexander the Great to lead them in war against the Persians. Corinth was partially destroyed by the Romans in 146 BC, but in 44 BC it was rebuilt as a Roman city under Julius Caesar. Roman Corinth prospered more than ever before and may have had as many as 800,000 inhabitants by the time of Paul. It was the capital of Roman Greece, equally devoted to business and pleasure, and was mostly populated by freedmen and Jews. The Apostle Paul visited Corinth in the 50s AD and later wrote two letters to the Christian community at Corinth (the books of 1 and 2 Corinthians in the New Testament). When Paul first visited the city (51 or 52 AD), Gallio, the brother of Seneca, was proconsul of Corinth. Paul lived in Corinth for 18 months (Acts 18:1­18), working as a tentmaker and converting as many Jews and pagans as he could. Here he first became acquainted with Aquila and Priscilla, who became his fellow­workers. Motto: We’re just as epic as Athens if not more!! Song: Corinth is a smart city Education is our passion we send all our kids to school we’re better than you Athens Corinth is great City We love equality Welcome all you immigrants We’re here to set you free Corinth is a strong city We always fought hard We were allies with Sparta We played the right cards Corinth is port city We had lots of trade We have some pretty pottery and everything's homemade Corinth is a city