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Circuits Study Guide Note: These questions are not meant to be 100% representative of the test you will have. However, if you study your notes, book, homework, and labs, and then are able to answer all of these questions, you are probably well situated for the upcoming test. 1. Know the definitions and units for physical quantities used in electricity and magnetism. 2. Know the rules for series and parallel circuits (what’s the same, what’s different, and conceptually why these rules exist). Also be able to solve series, parallel, and combination circuits. 3. Know conceptually what our currently accepted model of magnetism is. Know the relationship (conceptually) between magnetism and electricity per our class discussion and labs (Your book goes into much more detail than we have). Review the magnetism labs and power point for big ideas. 4. What are the necessary elements of any electric circuit and why is each necessary? 5. What is the role of a battery in electric circuit? How do you know what a battery does? 6. When you open the valve to a water faucet, water rushes out. Explain why electric charge does not get pushed out the end of a wire attached to the terminal of a battery. 7. How can you measure electric current through a resistor? (b) How can you measure voltage across a resistor? 8. What does it mean if the current through a resistor is 3 A? (b) What does it mean if the voltage across the resistor is 3 V? (c) What does it mean if the resistance of the resistor is 3 Ω? 9. Why do resistors become warm and sometimes hot when electric current passes through them? 10. Explain how you can calculate the electric power that is generated in a conductor when there is electric current through it. 11. Why do we connect resistive elements in a home in parallel rather than in series? 12. You have two light bulbs: one is a 40-W light bulb, the other a 100-W bulb. What do these readings mean? 13. Most modern Christmas tree lights are connected in parallel. (a) Describe one advantage of lights connected in parallel. (b) Suppose you connect these lights in series. Will they be brighter or darker? Explain. 14. You have a switch and a 75-W and a 40-W bulb. Build a circuit satisfying the following condition: when the switch is on, the 75-W light bulb is on. When the switch is off, the 75-W bulb no longer glows, but the 40-W bulb does. 15. How does a light bulb work? What are the essential parts of a circuit? (i.e. what are the minimum things you would need to have a circuit?) 16. Your friend has built a circuit and forgot if the resistors are connected in series or parallel. Describe a method for how you can test if it is a series circuit or a parallel circuit. 17. A 20 Ω, 30 Ω, and 40 Ω set of resistors are in series to a 12-V battery. What is the potential difference across the 40 Ω resistor? 18. A 20 Ω, 30 Ω, and 40 Ω set of resistors are in parallel to a 12-V battery. What is the current through the 40 Ω resistor? 19. When you turn on too many appliances in your house, you can lose electric power in the whole house. This happens because the wires connecting the house to the power line get overheated and a safety device, called a circuit breaker, opens the circuit, preventing the current flow. Why would the wires connecting the house to the power line overheat when you turn on many appliances? 20. Find total current, current in all branches, and voltage drops across each resistor for the circuit shown. 21. Your friend says that when two identical light bulbs are connected in series to each other and then to a battery, the light bulb connected closest to the negative pole of the battery will be brighter. He explains this by claiming that the second bulb will get fewer electrons, because the first bulb will use up some of the electrons. Do you agree or disagree? 22. Calculate total current, branch currents, and voltage drops across each resistor in the circuit shown. 23. Given the diagram below, where R1 = 5Ω, R2 = 10Ω, R3 = 20Ω, find the total resistance between points A and B .