Download The Muscles - The Hereford Academy

THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM – GCSE PE Revision Sheet
Name ........................................................
The Muscles
Muscular Function
D
T
Label each muscle in the table below and describe its function (job!)
T
P
Muscle Name
What It Does
Flexes the elbow
L
Adducts the shoulder
B
D
Flexes the hip
G
Extends the knee
A
M
Extends the ankle
H
Flexes the knee
Q
Extends the hip
Adducts the arm
G
Extends the elbow
Abducts the shoulder
Adducts the shoulder
Label the muscles below on the diagram above. Use a ruler and CAPITAL letter at beginning of each word.
Antagonistic Pairs - ..........................................................................................................
Oh dear – you need to rearrange them first!!
Pibces .......................................
apt rusize ................................
Loidetsd ...................................
irghtamsns ..............................
sugetlu xamumis ...............................................
Antagonist ........................................................................................................................
Insertion .............................................................................................................................
Tralcepos ............................................
Pricest .............................
Agonist ..............................................................................................................................
Prime Mover ......................................................................................................................
Sodri sumlatissi...........................................
Land bomis .........................................
We got the Moves – Describe Key Movement Words Below and Label Bicep Curl
Success??
Origin .................................................................................................................................
Merit – Can name, locate and spell 5 or below
Fixator ................................................................................................................................
Bronze – Can name, locate and spell 6 muscles
duqa prices .............................................
Silver – Can name, locate and spell 9 muscles
gosuaistnrcme .............................................
Gold – Can name, locate and spell all muscles
Building Muscle
Fill in these key words –
Improve Muscle Strength
When muscles increase in size
When muscles decrease in size
Improve Muscle Endurance
Hypertrophy
Atrophy
Low reps high weight
High reps low weight
Type
Key Words
Example
Muscular Contractions
Types of Muscle Fibres
Classification of Muscles
Picture
Cross out the incorrect statement in the sentence
Write F next to statements that are Fast Twitch and
S to statements that are Slow Twitch.
Isotonic contractions occur when there is movement/no movement of the body. It
can improve dynamic/static strength.
Involuntary
Red in colour
White in colour
Short Duration
Speed events/jumping/throwing
Fast and powerful contraction
Long Duration
Can contract many times
Marathon Runner/Triathlon
Good O2 supply/Lasts long time
Limited O2 supply/Tire quickly
Voluntary
Cardiac
As a muscle shortens/lengthens and fattens/flattens concentric movement occurs.
An example is walking up/down the stairs.
As a muscle shortens/lengthens and fattens/flattens eccentric movement occurs. An
example is walking up/down the stairs.
Isometric contractions occur when the muscle length changes/stays the same It can
improve dynamic/static strength.
A gymnast holding a handstand is an example of Isometric/Isotonic
A sprinter running is an example of Isometric/Isotonic
Smooth
Striated
Automatic
Never Tires
Heart
Intestines
Bicep
Conscious Control
Muscles and Injuries
Shade in statements that are linked/link a line to statements that relate to each injury.
Describe the 10
immediate effects of exercise on the muscular
Injury
How it Happens
Ankle or wrist
joint twisted
suddenly
When it Happens
Playing
tennis/wrong
sized racket
Where it Happens
Muscles in the
body
Effect on Body
Inflamed elbow
joint
Prevention
Thorough warm
up. Difficult when
muscles contract
and relax quickly
Sprain
Overuse of
tendons
Twist or wrench
of muscle
At ankle or wrist
joint
Muscle may be
weakened
Improve strength
and flexibility of
area. Sometimes
difficult to avoid
Overstretching of
muscle
Changing
direction or
landing heavily
At elbow joint
Tennis Elbow
Tears ligament at
joint and extreme
pain
Correct size of
equipment.
Moderate plying
time
system.
Strain
Liver Heat Contract Increases Relax Blood
Fatigue Lactic Fuel Ache Oxygen
Greater demand for
…………………. by muscles for
energy.
Muscles …………………………
and ………………………….
Working muscles
produce ……………………..
…………… in muscles.
Immediate Effects of
Exercise
…………… shunted
to working
muscles.
Treatment
RICE. Possible X ray
(if looks like
fracture/dislocation)
Describe RICE Principle below
R = ……………………… - description ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
I = ……………………… - description ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Increased …………….
demands.
C = ……………………… - description ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Heart rate …………………
E = ……………………… - description ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Nutrition
Muscle Posture
Use key words and page 184 to describe benefits of good posture
What nutrient am I?
Muscle ……………………
as ability to use O2 is
less efficient.
Glycogen is released
from ………………………..
to working muscles.
Build up of ………………. Acid during
anaerobic exercise. Can cause
pain/cramp.
I repair muscle tissue
I build body cells
I build muscle mass
eggs.
I can be found in meats and
Answer ………………………
Muscle tone = …………………………………………………………..
Heart = ………………………………………………………………………..
Digestive System = ………………………………………………………………………..
Alignment = ………………………………………………………………………..
Energy = ………………………………………………………………………..
Body Shape = ………………………………………………………………………..
RICE
RICE