Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Ch 18 Sec 2 Congress Reacts to Black Codes black codes—________________________________________________________________ How did black codes affect freedmen? • Black codes granted some rights. African Americans could _________________________________________________________________________________ • Black codes kept freedmen from gaining ____________and economic power. They forbade freedmen to _______________, ____________________, ________________________________________ • In some states, African Americans could work only as servants or _________________________. In others, they had to sign__________________________________ for a year’s work. How did Congress react to black codes? • Angered by black codes, _______________________________ charged that Johnson’s lenient _____________________________________ plan had encouraged the codes. • Republicans were also angered by southern white______________________________ against freedmen. • The Joint Committee on Reconstruction accused the South of trying to “____________ slavery . . . as long as possible.” • When President Johnson ignored the report of the Joint Committee, members of Congress who were called ___________________________________ vowed to take control of Reconstruction. Radical Republicans Gain Power • Radical Republicans had two main goals. • ___________________________________________________________________________. • Ensure that freedmen _______________________________________________________. • Radical Republicans needed the support of moderate Republicans. Most southerners were ____________________________. Republicans could control both houses if ____________________________ from Congress. • To combat the black codes, Congress passed ___________________________________________. It gave citizenship to African Americans. • Republicans proposed the __________________________________________________, which granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States. It guaranteed citizens “equal protection of the laws” and said that no state could “deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without ________________________________ of law.” • In the Election of 1866, President Johnson_____________________________ the Fourteenth Amendment and urged voters to reject the Radicals. Southern violence convinced many northerners that strong measures were needed, so they backed the _________________________. Republicans won majorities in both houses of Congress. • The period that followed the election is often called ________________________________ Reconstruction. Congress passed the first Reconstruction Act in March 1867. It threw out state governments that had refused to ratify the ______________________________________________. Ch 18 Sec 2 Reconstruction Plans Plan Ten Percent Plan Wade-Davis Bill Johnson Plan Reconstruction Act Republicans in Congress (1864) President Andrew Johnson (1865) Radical Republicans (1867) Proposed by President Abraham Lincoln (1863) Conditions for Former Confederate States to Rejoin Union _____________ • _____________ _____________ ____________ • Must abolish • _____________ Majority of white men • must swear ___________ • Former Confederate volunteers ___________ Or _______ • ___________ ____________ of white men must swear loyalty Must ratify _____________ _____________ Former Confederate officials ______ _____________ _____________ • • • • • Must ___________ state governments Must write new _________________ Must ratify _______ _________________ African American men must be _________________ Andrew Johnson Impeached • Because Johnson tried to limit the effect of Radical Reconstruction, Congress tried to remove him from office. • On February 24, 1868, the House of Representatives voted to impeach, or bring _______________________against, Johnson. • The President could be removed from office if ______________________ of the Senate found him guilty of “high crimes and misdemeanors.” During Johnson’s trial, it became clear that he was not guilty of high crimes and misdemeanors. • In the end, the Senate vote was 35 to 19 against Johnson—just o______________ shy of the two thirds needed to convict him. The Civil War Amendments Thirteenth Amendment • Bans __________________ throughout the United States. Fourteenth Amendment • • Grants citizenship to all persons born in the United States. Guarantees citizens _________________________________. No state can deprive any person of life, liberty, or property with due process of law. Fifteenth Amendment • Forbids any state to deny any citizens the _________________________________________________________________