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Unit 8 Week 1 Vocabulary 1. crust 2. magnitude 3. seismograph 4. tectonic plates 5. collide 6. destruction 7. vibration 8. annihilated 9. calamity 10. din 11. distinguished 12. entirety SPELLING PATTERN NEGATIVE PREFIXES DE -, UN-, IN, IM-, DIS- 1 . D E S T RU CT ION 2 . IN C R E D IBLY 3 . U N B E L IE VABL E 4 . D IS A P P E ARE D 5 . IN S IG N IF IC A N T 6 . U N P R E PARE D 7 . IMP OS S IB L E 8 . U NAWAR E crust NOUN-thing 1. An earthquake is a sudden movement or shift of Earth’s crust. 2. Many earthquakes happen along the cracks in the Earth’s crust known as fault lines. crust means: a. Molten middle of the Earth b. A slice of bread c. Outermost layer In the first sentence, the words shift and movement give clues as to what the crust does. On Earth, the outermost layer is a hard, rocky layer that basically floats on the molten layers below. Just as stated in the 2nd sentence, where cracks occur on the outer layer are the fault lines, which are where earthquakes occur. crust NOUN-thing 1. An earthquake is a sudden movement or shift of Earth’s crust. 2. Many earthquakes happen along the cracks in the Earth’s crust known as fault lines. crust means: a. Molten middle of the Earth b. A slice of bread c. Outermost layer In the first sentence, the words shift and movement give clues as to what the crust does. On Earth, the outermost layer is a hard, rocky layer that basically floats on the molten layers below. Just as stated in the 2nd sentence, where cracks occur on the outer layer are the fault lines, which are where earthquakes occur. magnitude NOUN-thing 1. Scientists can measure the strength, or magnitude, of an earthquake with an instrument called a seismograph. 2. That earthquake had a strong magnitude and could be felt for miles around. magnitude means: a. A rude gesture b. Measurement of size or extent of something c. A type of magnet The first sentence provides a definition clue for magnitude. “Measure strength, or magnitude,” provides a meaning for magnitude. If an earthquake is said to have a strong magnitude, it would have a high measure or be considered large in size. magnitude NOUN-thing 1. Scientists can measure the strength, or magnitude, of an earthquake with an instrument called a seismograph. 2. That earthquake had a strong magnitude and could be felt for miles around. magnitude means: a. b. of c. A rude gesture Measurement of size or extent something A type of magnet The first sentence provides a definition clue for magnitude. “Measure strength, or magnitude,” provides a meaning for magnitude. If an earthquake is said to have a strong magnitude, it would have a high measure or be considered large in size. seismograph NOUN-thing 1. Scientists can measure the strength, or magnitude, of an earthquake with an instrument called a seismograph. 2. The seismograph measured the size of the earthquake. seismograph means: a. Finding the right size of clothes b. Instrument used to measure and record details of earthquakes c. The damage done by an earthquake The words “measure with a instrument called,” give a definition clue that a seismograph is the tool used to measure and record with. The second sentence states what a seismograph does which is measuring the details of the earthquake. seismograph NOUN-thing 1. Scientists can measure the strength, or magnitude, of an earthquake with an instrument called a seismograph. 2. The seismograph measured the size of the earthquake. seismograph means: a. Finding the right size of clothes b. Instrument used to measure and record details of earthquakes c. The damage done by an earthquake The words “measure with a instrument called,” give a definition clue that a seismograph is the tool used to measure and record with. The second sentence states what a seismograph does which is measuring the details of the earthquake. tectonic plate NOUN-thing 1. This thin outer layer is made of many interlocking pieces called tectonic plates. 2. Tectonic plates can shift, causing earthquakes to occur and volcanoes to erupt. Tectonic plate means: a. Massive, irregular shaped slab of rock b. A type of music you dance to c. A dish used to serve dinner The first sentence defines tectonic plates by telling us the thin outer layer or interlocking pieces are called tectonic plates. Since they are found on the thin outer layer, they are made of rock. These interlocking pieces are like a large jigsaw puzzle that are irregularly shaped and as they move, they get caught and release from each other, causing earthquakes. tectonic plate NOUN-thing 1. This thin outer layer is made of many interlocking pieces called tectonic plates. 2. Tectonic plates can shift, causing earthquakes to occur and volcanoes to erupt. Tectonic plate means: a. Massive, irregular shaped slab of rock b. A type of music you dance to c. A dish used to serve dinner The first sentence defines tectonic plates by telling us the thin outer layer or interlocking pieces are called tectonic plates. Since they are found on the thin outer layer, they are made of rock. These interlocking pieces are like a large jigsaw puzzle that are irregularly shaped and as they move, they get caught and release from each other, causing earthquakes. collide VERB-action 1. When these plates shift or collide at their boundaries, an earthquake happens. 2. As he came running around the corner, we almost collided since we were going too fast to stop. collide means: a. A punctuation mark b. A kind of drink c. To hit with force when moving When massive rock plates cause an earthquake it is due them hitting against each other with force. When you are moving quickly, it is difficult to stop quickly, sometimes this causes you to hit into something with great force. collide VERB-action 1. When these plates shift or collide at their boundaries, an earthquake happens. 2. As he came running around the corner, we almost collided since we were going too fast to stop. collide means: a. A punctuation mark b. A kind of drink c. To hit with force when moving When massive rock plates cause an earthquake it is due them hitting against each other with force. When you are moving quickly, it is difficult to stop quickly, sometimes this causes you to hit into something with great force. destruction NOUN-thing 1. Why do some earthquakes cause major destruction while others go by almost unnoticed? 2. The tornado caused so much destruction, the whole town needed to be rebuilt. destruction means: a. To breaking numbers into smaller parts b. To cause so much damage, something is beyond repair c. To give up or give in If something is unnoticed, not much has changed or is different. The opposite of that would be major changes or damage beyond repair. If you need to rebuild something, it’s likely because it was damaged or is beyond repair. destruction NOUN-thing 1. Why do some earthquakes cause major destruction while others go by almost unnoticed? 2. The tornado caused so much destruction, the whole town needed to be rebuilt. destruction means: a. To breaking numbers into smaller parts b. To cause so much damage, something is beyond repair c. To give up or give in If something is unnoticed, not much has changed or is different. The opposite of that would be major changes or damage beyond repair. If you need to rebuild something, it’s likely because it was damaged or is beyond repair. vibration NOUN-thing 1. In one type of seismograph, seismic waves cause a drum to vibrate as a weighted pen records the vibrations. 2. The noisy vibrations from the washing machine made it hard to fall asleep. vibration means: a. continuous, quick, shaking movement b. the backbones in a mammal c. A small animal that lives underground In the first sentence, it says when the drum vibrates, a pen records the vibrations. The pen is recording the movements or quick shaking. As a washing machine washes, it creates continuous, quick, shaking movements that clean your clothes. vibration NOUN-thing 1. In one type of seismograph, seismic waves cause a drum to vibrate as a weighted pen records the vibrations. 2. The noisy vibrations from the washing machine made it hard to fall asleep. vibration means: a. continuous, quick, shaking movement b. the backbones in a mammal c. A small animal that lives underground In the first sentence, it says when the drum vibrates, a pen records the vibrations. The pen is recording the movements or quick shaking. As a washing machine washes, it creates continuous, quick, shaking movements that clean your clothes. annihilated NOUN-thing 1. All estimates of value were annihilated. 2. After the hurricane swept through the area, we saw the shack near the beach was annihilated. annihilated means: a. arriving or becoming visible b. Breathe in c. To utterly destroy or obliterate Hurricanes have high wind speeds that are known for causing great damage. A shack near the beach would be utterly destroyed or obliterated during a hurricane. Any items of value such as cars and buildings would be no match for a hurricane. annihilated NOUN-thing 1. All estimates of value were annihilated. 2. After the hurricane swept through the area, we saw the shack near the beach was annihilated. annihilated means: a. arriving or becoming visible b. Breathe in c. To utterly destroy or obliterate Hurricanes have high wind speeds that are known for causing great damage. A shack near the beach would be utterly destroyed or obliterated during a hurricane. Any items of value such as cars and buildings would be no match for a hurricane. calamity NOUN-thing 1. No one can comprehend the calamity to San Francisco in its entirety. 2. The volcanic explosion had caused quite the calamity for the nearby town. calamity means: a. to rest and relax b. an event causing great and sudden damage c. Make a sharp turn to the side Anything such as a volcano or a major earthquake would cause great and sudden damage to surrounding towns. Volcanoes have buried entire cities as, while large earthquakes have been known to level them. calamity NOUN-thing 1. No one can comprehend the calamity to San Francisco in its entirety. 2. The volcanic explosion had caused quite the calamity for the nearby town. calamity means: a. to rest and relax b. an event causing great and sudden damage c. Make a sharp turn to the side Anything such as a volcano or a major earthquake would cause great and sudden damage to surrounding towns. Volcanoes have buried entire cities as, while large earthquakes have been known to level them. din NOUN-thing 1. The shock was constantly growing heavier; rumbles, crackling noises, and falling objects already commenced the din. 2. The sound of the revving engine was such an awful din. din means: a. a loud, prolonged, unpleasant noise b. Meal eaten at the end of the day c. Make a sharp turn to the side The first sentence references noises like rumbling and crackling. In the second sentence, the sound of the engine is referred to, suggesting that din would mean something to do with the noise. In these cases, the sounds are loud, prolonged and unpleasant. din NOUN-thing 1. The shock was constantly growing heavier; rumbles, crackling noises, and falling objects already commenced the din. 2. The sound of the revving engine was such an awful din. din means: a. a loud, prolonged, unpleasant noise b. Meal eaten at the end of the day c. Make a sharp turn to the side The first sentence references noises like rumbling and crackling. In the second sentence, the sound of the engine is referred to, suggesting that din would mean something to do with the noise. In these cases, the sounds are loud, prolonged and unpleasant. distinguished 1. ADJECTIVE-describing It grew constantly worse, the noise deafening; the crash of dishes, falling pictures, the rattle of the flat tin roof, bookcases being overturned, the piano hurled across the parlor, the groaning and straining of the building itself, broken glass and falling plaster, made such a roar that no one noise could be distinguished. 2. The author, who was very famous for her book series, was considered to be a very distinguished author. distinguished means: a. easily understood b. to stop, or end c. Very successful, famous, or important If other noises are roaring and making it hard to hear, it would be impossible to hear anything that would be important to hear. Authors like Dr. Seuss or J.K. Rowling are very successful, famous, and important authors. distinguished 1. ADJECTIVE-describing It grew constantly worse, the noise deafening; the crash of dishes, falling pictures, the rattle of the flat tin roof, bookcases being overturned, the piano hurled across the parlor, the groaning and straining of the building itself, broken glass and falling plaster, made such a roar that no one noise could be distinguished. 2. The author, who was very famous for her book series, was considered to be a very distinguished author. distinguished means: a. easily understood b. to stop, or end c. Very successful, famous, or important If other noises are roaring and making it hard to hear, it would be impossible to hear anything that would be important to hear. Authors like Dr. Seuss or J.K. Rowling are very successful, famous, and important authors. entirety NOUN-thing 1. No one can comprehend the calamity to San Francisco in its entirety. 2. I ate the smaller birthday cake in its entirety! entirety means: a. running quickly b. going on forever c. The whole of something The city of San Francisco was damaged so badly during the 1906 earthquake that it was hard to comprehend the whole of the damage. To eat something in its entirety, suggests you ate the whole or entire thing. entirety NOUN-thing 1. No one can comprehend the calamity to San Francisco in its entirety. 2. I ate the smaller birthday cake in its entirety! entirety means: a. running quickly b. going on forever c. The whole of something The city of San Francisco was damaged so badly during the 1906 earthquake that it was hard to comprehend the whole of the damage. To eat something in its entirety, suggests you ate the whole or entire thing. SPELLING PATTERN negative prefixes de-, un-, in-, im-,dis- WORD Meaning EXAMPLE SENTENCE destruction Causing so much damage it is beyond repair The forest fire caused major destruction. incredibly To a great degree; extreme or unusual “The tremors were incredibly strong,” said Anna. unbelievable Not able to be believed; unlikely to be true The tremors from the earthquake were unbelievable. disappeared Cease to be visible When I looked up, the car had disappeared. insignificant Too small or unimportant to be worth consideration Little problems seem insignificant when a disaster happens. unprepared Not ready or able to deal with something Make an earthquake emergency kid so you are not unprepared. impossible Not able to occur, exist, or be done It is impossible to predict exactly when an earthquake will occur. unaware Having no knowledge of People were unaware that an earthquake was coming until they felt the ground shake.