Download Section 6-2 *Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration

Section 6-2
“Speed, Velocity,
and Acceleration”
Lesson Objectives
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
• Identify speed as the distance an object travels
in a given amount of time.
• Identify that velocity is described by both
speed and direction.
• Identify acceleration as the change in velocity
over time.
*Speed is a measure of how fast an object changes its position, while velocity
is the speed of something in a given direction, and acceleration is the increase
in the rate of an object's speed. In this concept, you will learn about the
relationship between speed, velocity, and acceleration.*
Lesson Questions
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to
answer:
I.) How Can Motion Be Described by using speed,
velocity, and acceleration?
II.) How Are Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration
Related?
*Speed is a measure of how fast an object changes its position, while velocity
is the speed of something in a given direction, and acceleration is the increase
in the rate of an object's speed. In this concept, you will learn about the
relationship between speed, velocity, and acceleration.*
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Summary
Force and motion are two fundamental concepts
in physics.
A force is described as either a push or a pull.
Motion can be considered as a change in position
over time and is described by speed, velocity,
and acceleration.
Speed measures the distance an object travels
in a given time period and is considered to be a
scalar quantity, i.e., it is measured only by its
magnitude. A baseball moving at 90 miles per
hour (mph) can be said to have a speed of 90
mph.
Other scalar quantities include volume, mass,
and area.
Video: Understanding Speed
- GO to D.E.
- Click on Science Techbook
- Click on Unit: Forces and Motion
- Click on Concept: Speed, Velocity,
and Acceleration
- Click on the Explore Tab
- Click on the More Resources Button
within the Tab
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Summary
Video:
Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration: NFL
Running Backs
Velocity measures the speed an
object travels but also includes
the direction of travel.
An airplane might have a velocity
of 400 mph heading in a
southwest direction. Velocity is
considered to be a vector
quantity.
Activity
: to Measure Speed
Learning: How
Prezi App: Speed, Velocity, Acceleration
Other vector quantities include
force and acceleration.
Both speed and velocity have the
dimensions of length divided by
time.
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Summary
Acceleration is the change in an object’s velocity in a
given amount of time.
Since velocity is comprised of both speed and direction,
acceleration could involve a change in speed or, with a
constant speed, a change in direction, or a change in both
speed and direction.
Video:
Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration:
Sports Science NHL
Acceleration is considered to be a vector quantity.
A car accelerating from a stop sign to a highway speed of
60 mph undergoes a continual change in speed from 0 to
60 mph in a given amount of time. The car would also be
considered to be accelerating if it were going a constant
60 mph around a curve in the road, since its direction of
travel would be changing.
Acceleration has the dimensions of distance divided by
time, and that quantity divided by time; this is also
stated as distance divided by time squared. Acceleration
can also be negative, as when an object is slowing down;
this is sometimes referred to as deceleration.
Activity
: Velocity, and Motion
Prezi app: Speed,
Video: Distance, Speed, and Time Graphs
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Activity: The Bonneville Salt Flats
- Login to D.E.
- Click on the assignments tab
- Click “The Bonneville Salt Flats
- Answer the questions found
below:
Question 1
Define speed, and give an example of speed using an example from the Bonneville Salt Flats reading passage.
Question 2
How long ago did people first begin to race on the Bonneville Salt Flats?
Question 3
What was the fastest speed a car was driven on the Bonneville Salt Flats in 1914?
Question 4
Describe the method that auto racers used to determine the speed of cars back in 1914? Also, how is that method different from today?
Question 5
Why do you think the Bonneville Salt Flats are an ideal location for auto racers? Give an example of why you think this.
Question 6
- What is the formula to compute speed, and what do each of the letters represent within the equation?
Question 7
- n 1970, Gary Gabolich set one of the most remarkable records. Gabolich drove his rocket-powered car a blistering 622 miles per hour!
Write this expression in the speed formula.
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Getting to Know: Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration
In everyday conversation,
the terms speed, velocity,
and acceleration may all
mean the same thing. But in
physics they have very
precise meanings.
At every moment, a moving
object has a precise position,
speed, velocity, and
acceleration. The changes in
these measurements describe
the movement of the object.
Isaac Newton’s Second Law of Motion:
What Causes an Object to Accelerate?
Acceleration is the change in an object's
motion. It may include a change in speed,
direction, or both speed and direction. As
Newton's second law describes, the
acceleration of an object equals the net force
applied to the object divided by the object's
mass. For example, the larger the kicking
force you apply to the soccer ball, the
greater the ball's acceleration will be.
Activity: StudyJams – Newton’s
Second Law “Acceleration”
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Exploration: Need For Speed
Using the pages document found on the
class website, complete the exploration:
“Need for Speed”
Directions, Introduction, and How to Use
This Exploration will be shown in-class,
and be on the pages document
I.) How Can Motion Be Described using
speed, velocity, and acceleration?
• Every object has a position in space.
• Moving objects change their position.
• Speed is the rate at which position
changes, or the travel distance divided
by the travel time, and velocity is both
the speed and direction of the motion.
• For example, an airplane could travel at
a speed of 600 kilometers per hour and
have a velocity of 600 kilometers due
west.
• Acceleration is the change in velocity.
An object accelerates when it changes
speed, direction, or both.
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
II.) How Are Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration
Related?
•
An object moving with zero acceleration is
either motionless or moving at a constant
velocity. Otherwise, the acceleration tells
whether the object is speeding up, slowing
down, or changing direction.
•
For example, a car that is accelerating at a
rate of 3.0 kilometers per hour per second is
speeding up, either from rest or from some
initial speed. A car that is accelerating at –3.0
kilometers per hour per second is slowing down.
•
Negative acceleration is often called
deceleration.
•
The velocity of the car might still be directed
forward, but the deceleration is slowing the
speed.
Reading Passage: Understanding Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration
- Click on D.E.
- Click on Science Techbook
- Click on Unit: Forces and Motion
- Click on Concepts: Speed, Velocity, and
Acceleration
- Click on the Engage Tab
*Read the Reading Passage, and answer the
following questions on the pages document
provided on the class website*
Prezi App – Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Video: Distance, Speed, and Time Graphs
- Throughout this video, students will be able to
learn how to plot a distance vs. time graph.
- Students will also be able to identify how to
determine the speed of an object by using a
distance vs. time graph.
- After, students will complete the pages
document labeled “Distance, Speed, and Time
Graphs”
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Graphing Distance vs. Time Graphs
- Throughout this video, students will be able to
learn how to graph a distance vs. time graph
using NUMBERS.
- Students will also be able to identify how to
determine the speed of an object by using a
distance vs. time graph.
- After, students will complete the pages
document labeled “Distance, Speed, and Time
Graphs”
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Mini-Class Project: Which Matchbox Car has
more speed, acceleration, and velocity?
(Coming Soon)
Section 6-2 “Speed,
Velocity, and Acceleration”
Concepts Review:
I.) How can motion be described?
Answer: Motion can be considered as a change in position over time and is
described by speed, velocity, and acceleration.
II.) How are speed, velocity, and acceleration related?
Answer: Speed measures the distance an object travels in a given time period and
is considered to be a scalar quantity, i.e., it is measured only by its
magnitude. Velocity measures the speed an object travels but also includes the
direction of travel. Acceleration is the change in an object’s velocity in a given
amount of time.
Vocabulary Practice Website: Quizlet
Practice Quiz: Focus on Acceleration,
Speed, and Velocity