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Transcript
Most Often Missed Pharmacology 1. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s) - Most often prescribed medication to treat depression. Interacts negatively with MAOI’s, other drugs used to treat depression. Recognizing the adverse effects is to monitor a patient for severe hypotension. 2. Cardiac Glycosides (Digoxin)-recognizing side effects. At doses close to therapeutic they can cause severe dysrhythmias. Side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and visual disturbances. 3. Antipsychotics- evaluating atypical therapeutic effects. Used for schizophrenia, atypical=second generation (not as many side effects) however all have side effects of obesity, diabetes, orthostatic hypotension, and dyslipidemia. Therapeutic effects include: relieving general schizophrenia and reducing suicidal behavior. Improves the positive and negative symptoms, positive symptoms include: hallucinations, paranoia, agitation, and disordered thinking/speech. Negative symptoms include: social/emotional withdrawal, poor insight, judgment, and self-care. 4. Antimycobacterial-evaluating effectiveness of treatment for tuberculosis. Needs to be 2 drug regime, drug resistance and inadequate therapy can be problems, evaluation of therapy comes with sputum cultures, chest x-ray and clinical evaluation. 5. High ceiling loop diuretics client teaching-s/s dehydration, hypotension (monitor BP), hypokalemia (eat foods high in K+) and ototoxicity (deafness is transient) 6. Basic pharmacological principles, frequent IV antibiotic dosing-requires that the antibiotic be present at the site of infection, in an effective concentration, for a sufficient time. Should not be discontinued prematurely, even if patient feels better and s/s have disappeared. Early withdrawal causes recurrent infection and drug resistance. 7. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-identifying contraindications-ulcers, bleeding, pregnant women, hypersensitivity, children with chicken pox or influenza. 8. Sulfonamides-identifying contraindications-do not give to patients with hypersensitivity (Stevens-Johnson syndrome), anemia (causes it), kernicterus, and renal damage ( causes crystals) 9. Opiod agonists-interventions for pain management-can produce, euphoria, sedation, respiratory depression, physical dependence, and constipation. Used for moderate to severe pain, not intermittent or sharp. 10. Medication administration-evaluate and document patient response to medication-summary of monitoring, evaluating therapeutic effects, minimizing adverse effects and interactions, and managing toxicity.