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Swell Cell Review
• Leeuwenhoek
was the first person to observe and
describe microscopic _____ and living _____.
• In
1665, the English scientist _____ _____ used a
microscope to examine a thin slice of _____.
• In
1838, German botanist _____ _____ concluded
that all _____ are composed of _____.
• The
next year, German zoologist _____ _____
reported that _____ are also made of _____.
• In
1855, German physician _____ stated that
“_____ only come from other _____.”
• The
Cell Theory consists of THREE Principles:
A. All living organisms are composed of one or
more _____.
B. Cells are the basic units of _____ and _____ in
an organism.
C. Cells come only from reproduction of _____
_____.
• The
•A
_____ of a cell depends on its _____.
small cell has more _____ _____ than a large
cell for a given _____ of cytoplasm.
• Cells
that do NOT contain a nucleus: _____
• Cells
that do contain a nucleus: _____
• The
cell membrane regulates what passes into and
out of the cell. Therefore, it is described as being
_____ _____.
• Cell
membranes are made mostly of _____
molecules.
• The
phosphate head is _____ meaning "waterloving".
• The
lipid tails are _____ meaning "water-fearing".
• Cell
membranes consist of two phospholipid
layers called a _____ _____.
• The
three types of proteins in the cell
membrane are _____, _____, and _____.
• These
proteins help to _____ material into
and out of the cell.
• Membrane
proteins that link cells together
are called _____.
• The
modern view of membrane structure is
called the _____ _____ model.
• The
nucleus contains _____.
• The
nucleolus synthesizes _____.
• The
main function of centrioles is to produce
the cell’s _____, _____, and _____.
• Centrioles
are not found in _____ cells.
• Mitochondria
are the sites of _____ reactions
that transfer _____ from organic compounds to
the energy molecule _____.
• Mitochondria
have their own _____.
• Ribosomes
are the sites of _____ _____.
• Some
are free in the _____; others line the
membranes of _____ _____ _____.
• Rough
ER is studded with _____ and it
processes _____ to be exported from the cell.
• Smooth
ER is NOT covered with _____ and
processes _____ and _____.
• Smooth
ER carries out the process of _____ in
_____ cells.
• Involved
in cellular secretions and packaging: ____
• Golgi
also produces _____, which are transporting
organelles.
• Digests
old, worn-out cellular parts; cleans things
up: _____
• The
cytoskeleton (1) maintains the 3-D _____ of the
cell, (2) participates in the _____ of organelles
within the cytosol, and (3) helps the cell _____.
• The
cytoskeleton consists of three types of
proteins: _____, _____, and _____ _____.
• Hair-like
projections; used to move cell and
obtain food: _____
• Whip-like
organelle; used for movement: ____
• The
rigidity of cell walls helps _____ and
_____ the plant.
• Cell
walls of plants are primarily made of
_____, a complex carbohydrate.
• Stores
H2O, lipids, salts, proteins, etc.;
important in plant cells: _____
• The
_____ uses _____ to covert _____ _____
AND _____ into SUGARS. This process is
called _____.
• Chloroplasts
are green because they contain
the pigment _____.
• Produces
colorful pigments in flowers and
fruits: _____
• Colorless
plastid that stores starch, lipids, and
proteins; mainly found in the _____ of plants