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ANIMAL TELEMETRY NETWORK IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 2016-2021 PRODUCT OF THE NATIONAL OCEAN COUNCIL December 2016 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT NATIONAL OCEAN COUNCIL WASHINGTON, D.C. 20502 Click here to enter a date. Dear Colleagues: We are pleased to transmit to you the Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 20162021, a summary outlay of a preliminary design for coordinating animal telemetry research, operations, and data management across the United States. This document was produced by the Animal Telemetry Network Task Team of the Interagency Ocean Observations Committee, which is organized under the National Science and Technology Council; Committee on Environment, Natural Resources, and Sustainability; Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology (SOST). The SOST also functions as the Ocean Science and Technology Interagency Policy Committee under the National Ocean Council. The document should be considered as a companion to the current United States Integrated Ocean Observing System (U.S. IOOS®) animal telemetry efforts at the regional and national scales and the Strategic Plan and Recommendations for a National Animal Telemetry Network (ATN) through U.S. IOOS. The document was also developed in the context of international animal telemetry standards and practices. The Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 responds to actions within the National Ocean Policy Implementation Plan concerning the development of ocean biological variables, including the charge to advance technologies to explore and better understand biological interactions in the ocean. Specifically, the National Ocean Policy Implementation Plan calls for the extension of current ocean biological data standards to allow for increased interoperability with other biological, physical, and social data systems. This document also responds to recommendations developed by the United States ocean observing community during the U.S. IOOS Summit. Specifically, Summit participants identified the need to more effectively integrate biological and ecosystem observations into ocean and coastal information systems. Sincerely, Whitley Saumweber Tamara Dickinson Associate Director for Land and Water Council on Environmental Quality Principal Assistant Director for Environment and Energy Office of Science and Technology Policy Co-chair, National Ocean Council Co-chair, National Ocean Council iii Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 About the National Ocean Council The National Ocean Council (NOC) is charged with implementing the National Ocean Policy established in July 2010 under Executive Order 13547, Stewardship of the Ocean, Our Coasts, and the Great Lakes. The NOC released the National Ocean Policy Implementation Plan in April 2013 to translate the National Ocean Policy into specific actions Federal agencies will take to address key ocean challenges, streamline Federal operations, save taxpayer dollars, and promote economic growth. Federal agencies, states, tribes, and regional fishery management councils may choose to form regional planning bodies to provide communities greater collaborative input in these efforts. More information is available at www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/oceans. About the National Science and Technology Council The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) is the principal means by which the Executive Branch coordinates science and technology policy across the diverse entities that make up the Federal research and development (R&D) enterprise. One of the NSTC’s primary objectives is establishing clear national goals for Federal science and technology investments. NSTC prepares R&D packages aimed at accomplishing multiple national goals. The NSTC’s work is organized under five committees: Environment, Natural Resources, and Sustainability; Homeland and National Security; Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education; Science; and Technology. Each of these committees oversees subcommittees and working groups that are focused on different aspects of science and technology. More information is available at www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/nstc. About the Office of Science and Technology Policy The Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) was established by the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976. OSTP’s responsibilities include advising the President in policy formulation and budget development on questions in which science and technology are important elements; articulating the President’s science and technology policy and programs; and fostering strong partnerships among Federal, state, and local governments, and the scientific communities in industry and academia. The Director of OSTP also serves as Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and manages the NSTC. More information is available at www.whitehouse.gov/ostp. About the Council on Environmental Quality The Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) coordinates Federal environmental efforts and works closely with agencies and other White House offices in the development of environmental policies and initiatives. CEQ was established within the Executive Office of the President (EOP) by Congress as part of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA), and additional responsibilities were provided by the Environmental Quality Improvement Act of 1970. Through interagency working groups and coordination with other EOP components, CEQ works to advance the President’s agenda. It also balances competing positions, and encourages government-wide coordination, bringing Federal agencies, state and local governments, and other stakeholders together on matters relating to the environment, natural resources, and energy. CEQ co-chairs the National Ocean Council, along with OSTP. More information is available at www.whitehouse.gov/ceq. iv Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 About the Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology The purpose of the Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology (SOST) is to advise and assist on national issues of ocean science and technology. The SOST contributes to the goals for Federal ocean science and technology, including developing coordinated interagency strategies, and fosters national ocean science and technology priorities. The SOST also serves as the Ocean Science and Technology Interagency Policy Committee under the NOC, and ensures the interagency implementation of the National Ocean Policy and other priorities for ocean science and technology objectives. More information is available at www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/ostp/nstc/oceans. About the Interagency Ocean Observations Committee The purpose of the Interagency Ocean Observations Committee (IOOC) is to advise and assist the SOST on matters related to ocean observations, including coordination of Federal activities on ocean observations and other activities as described in the Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act of 2009 (P.L. No. 111-11, Subtitle C). About the IOOC Animal Telemetry Network Task Team The IOOC established the Animal Telemetry Network Task Team (ATN-TT) to distribute and socialize the Strategic Plan and Recommendations for a National Animal Telemetry Network (ATN) through U.S. IOOS and develop an ATN implementation plan. About this Document This document was developed by the IOOC ATN-TT. The document was published by the NOC. Acknowledgements Special thanks to: Mike Arendt, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Jerry Ault, University of Miami Barbara Block, Stanford University Daniel Costa, University of California, Santa Cruz Kim Holland, University of Hawaii Bruce Mate, Oregon State University Molly McCammon, Alaska Ocean Observing System Peter Moore, Mid-Atlantic Coastal Ocean Observing System Kelli Paige, Great Lakes Ocean Observing System John Payne, University of Washington Andrew Seitz, University of Alaska Fairbanks Doug Wilson, Caribbean Wind, LLC Nicholas Rome, Consortium for Ocean Leadership Hannah Dean, Consortium for Ocean Leadership Copyright Information This document is a work of the United States Government and is in the public domain (see 17 U.S.C. §105). Subject to the stipulations below, it may be distributed and copied with acknowledgement to the NOC. Copyrights to graphics included in this document are reserved by the original copyright holders or their assignees and are used here under the government’s license and by permission. Requests to use v Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 any images must be made to the provider identified in the image credits or to the NOC if no provider is identified. Printed in the United States of America, Click here to enter a date. vi Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Report prepared on behalf of the NATIONAL OCEAN COUNCIL by the SUBCOMMITTEE ON OCEAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INTERAGENCY OCEAN OBSERVATIONS COMMITTEE ANIMAL TELEMETRY NETWORK TASK TEAM National Ocean Council Co- Chairs John P. Holdren Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy Director Deerin Babb-Brott Christina Goldfuss Managing Director Council on Environmental Quality National Ocean Council Deputies Co-Chairs Deputy Director Tamara Dickinson Principal Assistant Director for Environment and Energy Office of Science and Technology Policy Fabien Laurier Office of Science and Technology Policy Whitely Saumweber Associate Director for Oceans and Coasts Council on Environmental Quality National Ocean Council Staff Lindy Bunn Ocean Policy Advisor Steve Baldovsky Ocean Policy Advisor Ocean Science and Technology Interagency Policy Committee/Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology Co-Chairs Staff Fabien Laurier Office of Science and Technology Policy Roxanne Nikolaus National Science Foundation Richard Merrick National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Richard W. Murray National Science Foundation vii Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Interagency Ocean Observation Committee Co-Chairs Staff Bauke H. Houtman National Science Foundation Nicholas Rome Consortium for Ocean Leadership David Legler National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Eric Lindstrom National Aeronautics and Space Administration Members Guillermo Auad Bureau of Ocean Energy Management John Haines United States Geological Survey Linda Lillycrop United States Army Corps of Engineers Jon Berkson United States Coast Guard Brian Melzian Environmental Protection Agency Paula Bontempi National Aeronautics and Space Administration Samantha Simmons Marine Mammal Commission Paul DiGiacomo National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Michael Weise Office of Naval Research Jonathan Garber Environmental Protection Agency Carl Gouldman National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Interagency Ocean Observation Committee Animal Telemetry Network Task Team Co-Chairs Michael Weise Office of Naval Research Hassan Moustahfid National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Members Sean Hayes National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration viii Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Christopher Holbrook United States Geological Survey Steve Lindley National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration John Kocik National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration James Price Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Jake Levenson Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Samantha Simmons Marine Mammal Commission Josh London ix Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 11 1. 2. Background............................................................................................................................................ 3 1.1 General Overview........................................................................................................................ 3 1.2 Animal Telemetry Applications ................................................................................................... 5 1.2.1 Fisheries and Protected Species Management ................................................................. 5 1.2.2 Anthropogenic Disturbances ............................................................................................. 5 1.2.3 Ocean Modeling ................................................................................................................ 7 1.3 State of Animal Telemetry Observing System and Technology .................................................. 7 1.4 Animal Telemetry Data Requirements...................................................................................... 10 ATN Design ........................................................................................................................................ 122 2.1 Network Overview .................................................................................................................. 122 2.2 Network Components ............................................................................................................. 133 2.3 Phase I – Coordination .............................................................................................................134 2.4 Phase I – Data Management System ...................................................................................... 144 2.4.1 ATN Data Flow System .................................................................................................. 144 2.4.2 ATN DAC Web Display and Interface............................................................................. 166 2.4.3 DAC Data Products ........................................................................................................ 177 2.4.4 ATN Relational Database Management Systems .......................................................... 188 2.4.5 Data Element-level Metadata ....................................................................................... 188 2.4.6 Discovery-level Metadata ............................................................................................... 18 2.4.7 Future Development of Metadata Standards ................................................................. 19 2.4.8 ATN Data Archive and Stewardship ................................................................................ 19 2.5 ATN Implementation Plan – Phase II ........................................................................................ 19 2.5.1 3. Infrastructure and Capability ............................................................................................ 1919 2.5.2 Baseline Animal Telemetry Observations ..................................................................... 211 2.5.3 Resource Requirements for Sustained ATN Operations ............................................... 222 ATN Data-Sharing Guidelines ........................................................................................................... 233 3.1 Error! Reference source not found. ....................................................................................... 233 x Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 4. 3.2 Error! Reference source not found. ....................................................................................... 244 3.3 Data Submission to ATN DAC .................................................................................................. 255 3.4 Responsibilities in Use of ATN Data ........................................................................................ 255 3.5 Sustainability and Availability.................................................................................................. 256 3.6 Important Resources ............................................................................................................... 266 Governance ....................................................................................................................................... 266 4.1 Roles and Responsibilities ....................................................................................................... 266 4.1.1 Interagency Ocean Observation Committee ................................................................. 266 4.1.2 ATN Steering Group....................................................................................................... 267 4.1.3 U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System Program Office ............................................ 277 4.1.4 ATN Network Coordinator............................................................................................. 278 4.1.5 U.S. IOOS Regional Associations...................................................................................... 28 4.1.6 Animal Telemetry Programs and Individual Partners ..................................................... 28 4.2 Environmental Compliance .......................................................................................................... 29 4.3 5. Performance Metrics ................................................................................................................. 29 4.3.1 National Level ................................................................................................................. 29 4.3.2 Regional Organizations ................................................................................................. 290 Communications, Outreach, and Education ...................................................................................... 300 5.1 Communications and Outreach ............................................................................................... 300 5.2 Education ................................................................................................................................. 301 Appendix ...................................................................................................................................................... 322 References ...................................................................................................................................................... 80 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................... 822 Executive Summary Animal telemetry is the science of elucidating the movements and behavior of animals as they move through the world’s oceans, coastal rivers, estuaries, and Great Lakes. Current capacity to track aquatic animals has found uses in many fields of marine science ranging from the study of animal behavior to the study of the oceanic and freshwater systems these animals inhabit. In the past two decades, rapid advances in transmitters, receivers, and data storage tags that are attached to animals have made it xi Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 possible to collect high-quality biological and oceanographic observations on timescales varying from days to years as the animals move through aquatic habitats. These observations provide scientific information that is used to inform the management of marine fisheries and endangered and protected species; assess the potential effects of anthropogenic disturbances on aquatic species; and improve ocean modeling and forecasting. The United States is a global leader in animal telemetry, with considerable telemetry infrastructure and technical expertise in telemetry operations. These research assets, however, are often owned and operated independently by multiple Federal agencies and non-Federal institutions with limited or no connectivity. Lack of institutional connections prevents the scientific community from efficiently coordinating data and thereby best serving societal needs. The Strategic Plan and Recommendations for a National Animal Telemetry Network (ATN) through U.S. IOOS [United States Integrated Ocean Observing System] (swfsc.noaa.gov/publications/TM/SWFSC/NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-534.pdf) and this document are designed to address these issues. The ATN is supported by multiple Federal agencies that have been involved with developing this plan through participation in an Animal Telemetry Network Task Team of the Interagency Ocean Observations Committee (IOOC), which is organized under the National Science and Technology Council; Committee on Environment, Natural Resources, and Sustainability; Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology (SOST). The SOST also functions as the Ocean Science and Technology Interagency Policy Committee under the National Ocean Council. The United States Integrated Ocean Observing System (U.S. IOOS®) Program Office will implement the ATN in partnership with the IOOC member agencies and in collaboration with the community of U.S. IOOS Regional Associations (U.S. IOOS RAs) and regional experts. This plan describes the Network Governance by a Network Coordinator who will work in close collaboration with the ATN Steering Group (SG), which will include IOOC Federal agency representation and U.S. IOOS RAs, and which will be responsible for the coordination of ATN activities and operations throughout U.S. IOOS regions. The ATN, under the auspices of the U.S. IOOS, will provide a mechanism to facilitate and empower an alliance among Federal, industry, academic, state, local, tribal, and non‐Federal organizations (hereafter referred to as Federal and non‐Federal entities) to coordinate animal telemetry infrastructure and operations. By maximizing collaborations within the community and simplifying access to animal telemetry data and information products, the ATN will support U.S. IOOS in delivering data that provides societal benefits. Additional data will improve predictions of climate change and help inform decisions about protecting and restoring healthy coastal ecosystems. Federal and non‐Federal entities have natural resource management requirements that can be met by information derived from aquatic animal telemetry. Federal agencies routinely collect animal telemetry data to manage marine fisheries and protected species under Federal legislation such as the Magnuson‐Stevens Fisheries Conservation and Management Act, the Marine Mammal Protection Act, the Endangered Species Act, and the National Marine Sanctuaries Act. Other Federal and non‐Federal entities conduct activities that could affect the environment, so telemetry data are collected to support compliance with Federal statutes such as the National Environmental Policy Act, Marine Mammal Protection Act, and Endangered Species Act. Additionally, integrating biological information into ocean observations is critical in the United States for advancing the National Ocean Policy, particularly ecosystem‐based management and marine planning. While sensor and tag development is an active field, animal telemetry technology is now considered mature and operational with observing data and products that are ready to be integrated into the U.S. IOOS. Animal telemetry programs operate in almost all U.S. IOOS regions, which represent significant telemetry infrastructure, technical expertise, and manufacturing capability. It is estimated that in 2012, more than 2,800 acoustic receivers used to detect tagged animals (only a fraction of total ATN assets) were deployed at a value of over $6 million (M). Despite these efforts, there is a lack of a sustained commitment to 1 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 maintain the infrastructure necessary to develop a reliable and long-lasting data stream based on animal telemetry. Electronic tags and tagging equipment decay, and data are lost when grants and contracts expire. This plan describes how the ATN will maximize the benefit of existing investments by providing a mechanism for sustained operations and consistent delivery of animal telemetry data across the United States and in conjunction with international ocean observing systems. The ATN data management approach involves receiving, handling, and distributing diverse data types from archival, satellite, and acoustic tag platforms that originate from a variety of individual Federal and non‐Federal researchers and large programs using consistent metadata standards and best practices. The core of the ATN data management system will be a quasi‐centralized National ATN Data Assembly Center (ATN DAC) that will receive and distribute data and data products to U.S. IOOS RAs and other partner organizations using U.S. IOOS Data Management and Communications data standards and services. This plan provides guidelines for how the ATN will share data and data products to comply with emerging requirements regarding federally funded research, namely that such research be open and accessible, while protecting an extramural researcher’s ability to publish findings in a timely fashion. Additionally, this plan outlines how the ATN will encourage common data standards and practices, implement and maintain an integrated DAC structure, and support data storage and archiving of animal telemetry data gathered by Federal and non‐Federal entities. The ATN is intended to be a long-term component of the U.S. IOOS program, so this plan is designed to be a living document that will be updated periodically to reflect the evolving requirements for animal telemetry data, applications, and knowledge. 2 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 1. Background 1.1 General Overview Aquatic animal telemetry is the technology that allows scientists to elucidate the behavior of animals as the animals move through the ocean and freshwater systems. Animal telemetry devices (“tags”) yield detailed data regarding animal responses to the coupled ocean-atmosphere and physical environment through which they are moving. Animal species tagged have ranged from 6-gram salmon smolts to 150ton whales. Detailed observations of animal movements and behavior in relation to critical habitats in their aquatic environment have significantly improved overall understanding of ecosystem function and dynamics. In the past two decades, rapid technological advances in electronic tags that attach to animals have made it possible to collect high-quality biological and physical oceanographic observations as the animals move through their habitats. The tags provide oceanographic and climatological data as well as data on animal movement and behavior on time scales varying from days to years, including in areas that are otherwise difficult and expensive for humans to monitor (e.g., Arctic and Antarctic regions). Animal tracking can be conducted in real time with radio, acoustic, and satellite telemetry or in “archival” mode, in which information is reconstructed from time‐series data that are either transmitted on a time‐ delayed basis via satellite or are analyzed when a tagged animal is recaptured and the tag physically recovered. Fish, marine mammals, ocean reptiles, and seabirds have been tagged routinely with sophisticated instruments that sample: Life history and other biologically-driven behaviors (e.g., diving, migrations, preferred habitats, reproduction, feeding); Oceanographic variables (e.g., pressure, light, temperature, salinity); Position (through the Global Positioning System (GPS); Acoustics (e.g., animal vocal behavior, tail beats, respirations, environmental sounds); and Physiology (e.g., body temperature, heart rate, blood or tissue oxygen saturation). GPS coordinates of tagged animals coupled with oceanographic data collected from instruments attached to the animals enable assessments of animal foraging hotspots, ecological interactions, migration routes, and habitat utilization patterns. Animals tend to congregate in areas of particular interest to oceanographers, including surface and sub‐surface fronts, eddies, and confluences that aggregate prey. Information collected at these locations using tagged animals can be used by oceanographers to describe and map key ocean features and processes. Animals travel to regions that are relatively inaccessible to other ocean observing technologies. Animal telemetry technology allows researchers to investigate how animals use their three-dimensional (3D) world and can provide valuable, additional oceanographic data to augment other ocean observing technologies. Federal, state, academic, and commercial organizations routinely collect animal telemetry data that range in geographic scope and scale from rivers and near-shore ocean and shelf waters to full ocean basins. Because this type of data collection is now widespread, regional data sharing networks have emerged in the United States (Figure 1). Large-scale global animal telemetry programs have also emerged, such as the Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring System (animaltracking.aodn.org.au), Global Tagging of Pelagic Predators (TOPP) (gtopp.org), the global Ocean Tracking Network (OTN), (oceantrackingnetwork.org), and Southern Elephant Seals as Oceanographic Samplers (biology.st-andrews.ac.uk/seaos). Many of the animal telemetry programs already have the capability to provide live updates on animal movements and behavior as well as oceanographic data. National and international programs have succeeded in delivering these oceanographic data to the United States Integrated Ocean Observing System (U.S. IOOS, 3 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 ioos.noaa.gov) and the Global Ocean Observing System (www.ioc-goos.org). Programs have also delivered biodiversity data to the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (www.iobis.org). Animal telemetry projects have demonstrated that animal‐borne sensors are reliable, inexpensive platforms for delivering high-quality animal behavior and oceanographic data. These projects also demonstrate that animal telemetry observations are mature and operational, and the data is ready to be integrated within an Animal Telemetry Network (ATN), as well as the U.S. IOOS. The ATN is envisioned as an observing system that can track aquatic animals and their habitats to provide data critical for the conservation and sustainable management of commercially harvested species, protected species, and other marine resources. The ATN will complement existing ocean observing assets and will inform ecosystem-based management, fisheries and biodiversity, marine planning, ocean modeling and forecasting, and National Ocean Policy implementation. Figure 1. Location of some large United States regional animal telemetry programs. Acronyms used in the figure are: Atlantic Coastal Telemetry (ACT) Network, Mid‐Atlantic Acoustic Telemetry Observation System (MATOS), Florida Atlantic Coast Telemetry (FACT) Sea Turtle Network, Pelagic Fisheries Research Program (PFRP) in Hawaii, Great Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System (GLATOS), the Pacific Northwest Sound data management project (Hydra), California Fish Tracking Consortium (CFTC), Gulf of Mexico TOPP (GulfTOPP), U.S. Caribbean Acoustic Network USCAN), Tagging of Pelagic Predators (TOPP), Ocean Tracking Network (OTN), Coast of Maine Passive Acoustic Sensor System (CoM-PASS), and Northwest Hawaiian Islands array (NHI). 1.2 Animal Telemetry Applications 4 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 The benefit of improvements to understanding animal movement and behavior are outlined in the Strategic Plan and Recommendations for a National Animal Telemetry Network (ATN) through U.S. IOOS1 and can be seen in a multitude of applications, which include: Providing scientific information for marine fisheries and protected species management; Evaluating the potential effects of anthropogenic disturbances; and Improving coupled ocean‐atmosphere observation and forecasting models. 1.2.1 Fisheries and Protected Species Management Animal telemetry is central to elucidating behavioral patterns of commercial fish species, informing stock assessments, and identifying essential or critical habitat. Tag‐derived movement data helped to improve management of Atlantic Bluefin tuna through delineation of stock structure and demonstration of movement patterns.2 On the West Coast of North America, discoveries about the unexpectedly large extent of green sturgeon movements were used to designate Federally-mandated critical habitat for the Endangered Species Act-listed (threatened) southern stock.3 Knowing the locations frequented by commercial fish species and when those locations are occupied may also improve management of marine resources. For example, animal telemetry has revealed information critical to salmon conservation in West Coast river systems. Migrating smolt survival through the Columbia River hydropower system was revealed to be better than previously believed, and survival through the Sacramento River Basin was deemed uniformly poor throughout the river as opposed to concentrated in the river delta.4 In both regions, Federal and state agencies spend millions of dollars per year to increase species survival.5 Information gleaned from animal telemetry data impacts other animals and has been instrumental in informing and improving population censuses and stock assessment activities, and defining essential and critical habitat for species listed as endangered or threatened. Tracking data were important in the decision to list the black‐footed albatross as an endangered species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and by BirdLife International. Such data were also essential for the development of a management plan for endangered Australian and New Zealand sea lions.6 Leatherback sea turtles have been observed to use corridors shaped by persistent oceanographic features such as the southern edge of the Costa Rica Dome and the highly energetic currents of equatorial Pacific.7 These findings have led to an International Union for Conservation of Nature resolution to conserve leatherback sea turtles in the open seas. Similarly, tracking data were used to develop a marine protected area off the coast of Baja California to protect loggerhead sea turtles and to assess the efficacy of an implemented marine protected area to protect Olive Ridley sea turtles off the coast of Gabon. 8-9 Data combined from many species can be used to identify “hot spots,” high-value ecosystems, and regional connectivity among these areas, which aids in marine planning, defining essential and critical habitat, and creating marine protected areas. 10-11 Additionally, combining information from many species provides information necessary for ecosystem‐based management and coastal environmental intelligence (i.e. actionable information). 1.2.2 Anthropogenic Disturbances By identifying habitat utilization patterns, animal telemetry helps to identify, avoid, and mitigate conflicts among ocean resource development activities, as well as with other industrial and military activities.12 Operational windows for proposed human development (e.g., construction, dredging, pile driving, and military activities) have been coordinated with the times when tagged animals are not in close proximity. Distribution and migration data from a variety of taxa have been overlaid on oceanographic data to develop predictive mapping tools that help Central Pacific longline fishers minimize bycatch of protected loggerhead sea turtles.13 Telemetry data from marine mammals are being used to alter shipping lanes to reduce impacts on protected species.14 Additionally, behavioral data from tagged animals can be used to 5 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 better understand both baseline behavior and the behavioral responses of animals to sound exposure during military activities.12 Private industry also benefits from animal telemetry data when designing and implementing projects, such as renewable energy installations, dams, and marinas. 1.2.3 Ocean Modeling Animal‐borne tags have integrated oceanographic sensors capable of providing high‐accuracy sea‐surface and vertical measurements of temperature, salinity, and fluorometry throughout the upper 1500 meters (m) of the water column and in some cases deeper (up to 3000 m). Animals can travel to and deliver data from regions that are relatively inaccessible to other ocean observing technologies. For example, polar oceans under seasonal or permanent pack ice are particularly difficult to study because of the highly changeable amounts of ice and the dynamic nature of openings in the ice.15-16 Other remote areas include atolls, such as those in the Northwest Hawaiian Islands. Additionally, animals are able to move into coastal locations and sample regions where floats and autonomous vehicles are often challenged (e.g., upwelling zones and mesoscale eddies). Animals also are able to move freely across political boundaries. Animal-borne tags that collect high temporal resolution measurements of key physical oceanographic variables complement traditional oceanographic data collection methods. Animal-borne data are now being collected and assimilated into ocean circulation models. These data are used to improve ocean forecasting systems by supplying the ocean models with in situ data. A recent pilot project with TOPP, the Office of Naval Research, and U.S. IOOS demonstrated the capability of animal telemetry observations to deliver high-quality, real‐time oceanographic observations to operational Navy ocean models (Figure 2) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) (ioos.noaa.gov/project/atn). Comprehensive ocean observation data are needed meet a wide range of requirements, from operational demands to climate modeling. A sustained ocean observation system should combine a fleet of different platforms and sensors that complement each other to best serve the various needs of the ATN and oceanographic communities. 6 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Figure 2. Animal‐borne tags on elephant seals simultaneously record movements, diving behavior, and in situ oceanographic properties. Shown here is a vertical section of the ocean temperature measurements derived from a tagged elephant seal that travelled from Año Nuevo, California, across the North Pacific transition zone (the interface between cold, nutrient-rich polar water to the north and warmer, nutrient-poor water to the south). 1.3 State of Animal Telemetry Observing System and Technology The animal telemetry community, working together with engineers and tag manufacturers, has built a range of tags with high-precision sensors that permit dynamic measurements of animal movements and their environments. Currently, there are approximately 10 standard tag types with distinct position and sensor capabilities. Sharks, tunas, salmon, marine mammals, reptiles, and seabirds have been tagged routinely with sophisticated instruments that sample a variety of biological and physical parameters (Table 1). Data complexity and memory capacity varies depending on the type of tag and sensors and the goals of the mission. Together, these technologies provide the means to track animals for multiple years, which provides seasonal, annual, and climatological time-series data. In addition to electronic tags that record data from environmental sensors, other increasingly sophisticated tags are emerging. Camera tags with high definition video, tri-axial accelerometers (measuring acceleration), magnetometers (measuring magnetization), and devices that measure depth and temperature provide animal behavior are now being deployed. 7 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Table 1. Currently, there are approximately 10 standard tag types with distinct position and sensor capabilities. The method of data recovery separates the technology into three broad categories: archival, satellite, or acoustic. Category Tag Type Location only Archival Capability No Route for Data Return GeoLocation Depth Temperature 3D Accelerometers/ Magnetometers GPS Other Real time via Argos Location plus depth Yes <400 days Real time via Argos X X X X Location plus GPS Varies Varies by settings, >1 year Real time via Argos X X X X X Pop‐up Satellite and Archival Tag Yes Varies by settings, >1 year Argos Endpoint Only (detailed data upon recovery) X X X X X Conductivity, Temperature, Depth - slant 45° linear depolarization Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) Satellite Linked Dive Recorder (SLDR) Yes 9-12 months Real time via Argos and recovery X X X Global System for Mobile (GSM)/GPS Yes <400 days Recovery or real time X X Data Storage Yes Varies, up to 365 days Recovery/GPS X X Physiology Yes <10 days Recovery X X Kinematic Yes <14 days Recovery X Passive acoustic recording Yes <72 hours Recovery X X X Acoustic transmitter and receiver No Up to 5 years Recovery of receivers, Iridium X X X Satellite Archival Deployment Duration Varies by settings, >1 year X X Temp, lactic acid, Oxygen/Carbon dioxide partial pressure ) X Acoustic 8 dual hydrophones ~10 Hertz (Hz)‐-150 kiloHertz (kHz) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Some tags transmit data via encoded acoustic waves to underwater receivers. In many cases, these tags are smaller than the previously noted satellite and archival tags. Acoustic tag technology provides a cable‐ free underwater network for recording animal observations. This is particularly useful for studying small species (e.g., smolts of salmon) that are incapable of carrying relatively large satellite tags and aquatic species that do not surface often or long enough to make radio transmission of data useful to employ. The decreasing size and longer life of new batteries as well as the increasing sophistication of acoustic transmitters provides the ability to monitor the behavior of a wide range of species across great distances using networks of underwater receivers that span multinational boundaries. The emerging use of satelliteenabled acoustic receivers and unmanned mobile gliders or marine mammals fitted with acoustic receivers complements these networks and together provides the potential for a “wired ocean.” By investing in and maintaining fixed underwater receiver networks (passive and active) and mobile receiver platforms that uplink to Iridium satellite receivers or cell networks, the opportunity and ability now exists for long‐term monitoring. Recently, new tags have emerged that estimate animal positions with a combination of GPS Iridium or cell phone-assisted GPS. Because aquatic animals such as cetaceans and seals spend relatively limited time at the water’s surface, fixing a position is often not achievable with traditional GPS and instead requires instruments tailored specifically for marine environments, such as Fastloc® GPS. Some new tags are now using the cell phone assisted GPS [e.g., global system for mobile (GSM)] for transmission of animal dive and position data, which increases real-time data recovery, particularly in coastal regions with good cell phone coverage (Figure 3). Figure 3. Examples of sensors or tags used on marine animals. A. Sea Mammal Research Unit conductivity temperature depth tag on an elephant seal (Source: Michael Fedak, University of St. Andrews, United Kingdom). B. Wildlife Computers pop-up satellite archival tag and Lotek temperature depth recorder archival tag on a shark. (Source: Barbara Block, Stanford Univ., California). C. VEMCO acoustic tags. D. Salmon smolt tagged with VEMCO tag, (Source: John Kocik, NOAA. Fisheries). E. Seaglider fitted with VEMCO tag (Source: John Payne, University of Washington, Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking). F. Cabled acoustic receiver in a Chesapeake Bay Interpretive Buoy System Buoy (Source: Doug Wilson, NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office). G. VEMCO receiver VR2 used by National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Salmon Research Group in Maine (Source: John Kocik, NOAA Fisheries). 9 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 1.4 Animal Telemetry Data Requirements Federal and state agencies, conservation organizations, tribal entities, the general public, educational institutions, private industry, and the research community have identified animal telemetry observation data as information necessary to manage marine resources and assess the potential effects of human activities on marine environments. Several statutes require the type of information that animal telemetry data can provide. For example, United States fisheries are among the world’s largest and are managed by NOAA’s National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) under the Magnuson‐Stevens Fisheries Conservation and Management Act. Marine ecosystems and coastal communities benefit from the Marine Mammal Protection Act and the Endangered Species Act that protect many species such as marine mammals, fishes, and sea turtles. The National Marine Sanctuaries Act protects marine areas of special national significance. When Federal agencies undertake activities, such as permitting, the National Environmental Policy Act requires an assessment of the potential impact of these activities on marine resources. The data agencies require to comply with these statutes may include information on animal behavior and movements, migratory and residency patterns, habitat use, foraging behavior and locations, physiology, and survival and mortality rates, which are obtainable through the use of animal telemetry. Given the lack of data on larger vertebrate aquatic species, even basic data such as time and position of animals observed contributes to understanding and conservation. Advances in sensor technology in recent years have resulted in an increase in the number and diversity of data streams collected by tags and vastly improved understanding of animal movement, behavior, and habitat (Table 2). 10 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Table 2. Animal telemetry data requirements for inclusion in various Federally and non‐Federally maintained data repositories. Observation derived from electronic tags, measurements specifications, requiring agency or private sector, and some of the applications for telemetry information are included for each requirement category. Observation Derived Measurement Requirement Information Specifications Requiring Entity Application Real‐time temperature/ conductivity/ depth Broken‐stick water column profile of temperature and salinity Temperature Range ‐5 ‐ 35; Accuracy +/‐ 0.005 Celsius Conductivity/Salinity Range: 0‐80 milliSiemens (mS)/centimeter (cm); Accuracy: +/‐ 0.001 mS/cm Depth Resolution: 0.5 m <2000 m: Navy Oceanographic Office, NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction Improve the skill of operational oceanographic nowcast and forecast models Archival temperature, oxygen, chlorophyll‐a Detailed water column profile of temperature, oxygen, chlorophyll‐a sample up to 32 times /second Temperature Range ‐5 ‐ 35; Accuracy +/‐ 0.005C; Conductivity/Salinity Range: 0‐80 mS/ cm; Accuracy: +/‐ 0.001 mS/cm Depth Resolution: 0.5m <2000 m: Naval Oceanographic Office, NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction Contribute to hindcast oceanographic modeling Date, time, latitude/ longitude, dive depth, swim speed, acceleration. 3D position Animal movements and behavior, home range, habitat use, foraging behavior and locations, migration patterns, residency patterns, mortality, survival Depth Resolution: 0.5m Max: <2000m Acceleration Resolution: 0.05 m/s/s Location Argos: +/‐ kilometer (km) GPS: +/‐ m NOAA/NMFS U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Science Foundation (NSF), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS) NMFS: Managing fisheries and protected/endangered species, ecosystem‐based management, marine spatial planning; evaluating efficiency marine protected areas, ecological connectivity between habitats and management areas. USGS/NSF: Climate change, ecosystem health, Arctic/Antarctic, water resources (USGS). USFWS: Conserve, protect, and enhance fish and wildlife populations and habitat. ONMS: ecosystem-based management in areas of special national significance 11 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Date, time, latitude/ longitude, dive depth, swim speed, acceleration, 3D position Animal movements and behavior, home range, habitat use, foraging behavior and locations, migration patterns, residency patterns, mortality, survival Depth Resolution: 0.5 m Max: <2000 m Acceleration Resolution: 0.05 m/s/s Location Argos: +/‐ km GPS: +/‐ m Federal Agency: Navy, Bureau of Ocean Energy and Management, National Science Foundation, Department of Energy, Army Corps of Engineers Private industry: Oil and gas industry, power and water industry, fisheries sector Evaluate the potential effects of human activities on aquatic resources 2. ATN Design 2.1 Network Overview The United States ATN will be an alliance among Federal, state, tribal, regional, academic, and industry tagging partners to: maximize collaborations within the ATN community and access to animal telemetry data; generate information products; provide science‐based information for species- and ecosystembased management; and promote economic, social, and environmental benefits nationally and globally. The ATN is designed as a distributed technology and information network that applies consistent international data standards and best practices to achieve seamless integration of data, not only among various ATN observing assets and animal telemetry efforts but with other observing systems. This Implementation Plan covers a phased approach over a 5-year period, from 2016 to 2021. To implement the recommendations in the Strategic Plan and Recommendations for a National Animal Telemetry Network (ATN) through U.S. IOOS, the ATN phases will include: Phase I (Initiate ATN in 2016): o Coordinate, support, and enhance planned and funded animal telemetry efforts, including activities coordinated through participating U.S. IOOS Regional Associations (U.S. IOOS RAs) and individual partners; and o Implement a national data management system to meet the needs of Federal and non-Federal entities by developing metadata standards, providing quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC), archiving animal telemetry data in standard formats, and making the data accessible through common web services. Phase II (Initiate field efforts by 2018): o Facilitate and support baseline observations of the aquatic species movements and behaviors that are required to support resource and protected species management, identify critical habitat and habitat use, engage in real‐time monitoring, contribute to understanding of how disturbances affect these species and their habitats, and collect data to improve ocean modeling and forecasting; and 12 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 o Coordinate, support, maintain, and enhance existing national animal telemetry infrastructure and capability, including activities coordinated through participating U.S. IOOS RAs. 2.2 Network Components The ATN will be structured as an alliance of United States-led tagging projects and programs that occur in state, Federal, and international waters. This alliance will include the following: A national ATN Steering Group (SG, see Section 2.1) will facilitate development and continuity of the ATN by representing U.S. IOOS RA and Federal agency research interests, identifying and fostering coordinated long‐term strategies, and providing operational guidance and decision‐making for the overarching ATN. The SG will include U.S. IOOS RA representatives, independent subject matter experts, and Federal and non‐Federal entities that provide funding or in‐kind support to the ATN consistent with the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA). An ATN Network Coordinator (NC, see Section 4.1.4) in the IOOS Program Office will serve as the ATN network’s primary point of contact, facilitate communication and information exchange among partners, provide administrative support, and coordinate overarching planning, and resource management. The NC will work to harmonize the animal telemetry needs of the SG, the U.S. IOOS Program Office (U.S. IOOS PO), U.S. IOOS RAs, Federal agencies, and stakeholders. An ATN Data Assembly Center (DAC, see Section 2.4) will integrate and distribute ATN data to improve national accessibility of animal telemetry data and to develop a unique set of data products. Satellite‐linked tags will provide real‐time data to the DAC. The data will also be distributed via the Global Telecommunications System (GTS), as well as to the public via the DAC web services. The SG and NC will work with the NOAA National Center of Environmental Information (NCEI) to develop a long‐term preservation and stewardship plan for all animal telemetry data. Data-sharing agreements will be arranged across all sectors of the ATN as necessary. Animal telemetry programs and individual Partners located at academic institutions; Federal, tribal, state, and local government entities; and private organizations within the U.S. IOOS RA geographical areas will offer a range of contributions, including support for National infrastructure (e.g., acoustic receiver lines and animal telemetry equipment), individual research partners that handle tag deployments and tag recovery, and larger and more integrated programs with multiple researchers who deploy multiple tag platforms at diverse locations. ATN assets include animal telemetry equipment (e.g., tags, tagging equipment and supplies, acoustic receiver arrays, facilities) funded by participating agencies through the SG, and managed and operated by animal telemetry programs and individual partners, the NC, and the DAC. 2.3 Phase I - Coordination 13 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Phase I of the ATN begins in 2016. One of the top priorities is coordination, specifically to facilitate collaboration and cooperation within the tagging community, integrate disparate data sets, and operate and maintain the existing tagging and acoustic receiver infrastructure as a cohesive network. The ATN SG and NC will work closely with the U.S. IOOS PO, U.S. IOOS RAs, and individual partners to create a coordinated network that will enable the SG to represent the ATN community’s research interests by working with stakeholders to identify and address gaps in coordination and implementation among Federal and non-Federal animal telemetry programs, consistent with FACA. Collaborations within and among regional animal telemetry programs will contribute biological and physical observations to U.S. IOOS RAs, which will then make these data available to the DAC. Animal telemetry project collaborators will also be able to contribute observations and data directly to the central DAC. 2.4 Phase I - Data Management System A sophisticated data management system will be required to realize the ATN vision. Such a system will need to handle diverse types of archival, satellite, and acoustic animal telemetry data from an array of individual researchers and large programs. Guidelines for user data and metadata will be critical to provide QA/QC, archive data in standard formats, and distribute data through common web platforms to support value‐added services for data submitters and users. The ATN data management system will both address the needs of the ATN and subscribe to the Data Management and Communication (DMAC) guidelines of the U.S. IOOS (ioos.noaa.gov/data/contribute-data). The ATN data will be fully accessible through the U.S. IOOS RA portals and the U.S. IOOS Data Catalog. The implementation of this data management strategy will be in compliance with Executive Order 13642: Making Open and Machine Readable the New Default for Government Information (www.whitehouse.gov/the-pressoffice/2013/05/09/executive-order-making-open-and-machine-readable-new-default-government). As used here, the term “data” refers to raw tag and receiver data, processed data, published data, and metadata. 2.4.1 ATN Data Flow System The ATN’s national capability will be derived from different tagging/telemetry technologies with different configurations distributed throughout the U.S. IOOS RAs and other partner organizations. Data will be centralized through the U.S. IOOS ATN DAC (Figure 4). Each tag type (i.e., acoustic, archival, and satellite) and receiver will provide data to U.S. IOOS RA databases and other partner organizations, or directly to the ATN DAC. Data that are not directly provided into the DAC will be aggregated at each U.S. IOOS RA or partner organization, formatted following U.S. IOOS DMAC data and metadata standards, and transferred to ATN DAC in a standard format that includes a number of metadata variables. The ATN DAC will then aggregate the real‐time data into collections or deployments. After the data are quality checked based on U.S. IOOS DMAC best practices, the data will be served to users and may be distributed through additional channels. These aggregations will be served to the public via U.S. IOOS standard services (ioos.noaa.gov/data/contribute-data) such as NOAA’s Environmental Research Division's Data Access Program (ERDDAP) or other U.S. IOOS DMAC services (e.g., Sensor Observation Service, Web Map Services, OpenDAP). For example, real‐time data from satellite tags belonging to the Sea Mammal Research Unit at the University of St. Andrews that collect environmental data are downloaded from the Argos Data Collection and Locations System global processing center and currently undergo quality control and assessment at the University lab before being distributed on the GTS for applications, including meteorological and ocean model assimilation and validation. All acoustic, archival, and real-time data coming into the ATN DAC will be permanently archived at the NCEI, pending the establishment of an agreement with NCEI. 14 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 The prototype ATN DAC is a quasi‐centralized system, with data fed into servers at the NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC) in Santa Cruz, California, and Stanford University. At Stanford University, the data are processed from providers (e.g., Collecte Localisation Satellites (CLS)/Argos, Iridium, users returning archival tags), backed up at several locations (e.g., Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University main campus, and the NOAA SWFSC), served to the NOAA SWFSC, and displayed on the ATN DAC user interface (oceanview.pfeg.noaa.gov/ATN). The DAC web display and interface was made possible by leveraging prior developments for tag data management (e.g., TOPP, Global TOPP, Gulf of Mexico TOPP) into a single system with an intuitive front end, capable of delivering and visualizing United States telemetry data streamed from multiple animal and platform types. The ATN DAC in its current version has access to four data streams: 1. Real-time data from animal-borne platforms report automatically from Argos satellites via codes that directly download from CLS/Argos to Stanford University servers and then deliver location and data sets to the DAC in near-real time; 2. Acoustic data are collected directly from archival receivers and via automated Iridium satellite‐linked acoustic receivers mounted on stationary buoys or mobile platforms such as Wave Gliders; 3. Pop‐up satellite tags collect data while the tags are attached to an animal and are preprogrammed to release and float to the surface after a specified period of time. Once the tags reach the surface, the data take up to 20 days to download and transmit to CLS/Argos and then to the DAC via the Stanford University servers. The DAC servers collect position as well as oceanographic and behavioral data, which are both rapidly displayed and archived on the tag; and 4. Archival‐based data are drawn from the thousands of animal tracking deployments and datasets collected by various tagging programs using implantable archival tags and pop‐up archival tags that have been recovered. 15 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Figure 4. Proposed ATN data flow (left to right), with different tagging/telemetry technologies centralized through the U.S. IOOS ATN DAC and distributed to the U.S. IOOS RAs and other partner organizations. WMO GTS is the World Meteorological Organization Global Telecommunication System. NOAA NECI is the National Centers for Environmental Information. 2.4.2 ATN DAC Web Display and Interface Currently, the ATN DAC provides graphical displays or downloads of oceanographic profile data, animal location data for tracking visualization in real‐time, and acoustic detection data. These data can be downloaded via U.S. IOOS standard service (e.g., ERDDAP), and are accessible at oceanview.pfeg.noaa.gov/ATN (Figure 5). The ATN DAC graphical display uses a Google Maps-based user interface that was created with simple, color‐coded icons representing six distinct tag platform types: real time satellite tags with oceanographic data; satellite tags with position-only; pop‐up satellite archival tags; archival tags; acoustic tags; and autonomous buoys with receivers for acoustic detection. For each platform type, the user can display additional data types (e.g., animal or glider track, acoustic detections) and metadata (e.g., platform type, date, and duration of deployment) by clicking on the icon. An icon click also presents the user with a variety of additional options that vary by tag platform. The default view of the ATN DAC interface shows the most recent data; users can select from 10-, 60-, or 90-day displays. The interface features a pull‐down data menu which allows users to view or hide datasets from each species and platform by clicking check‐boxes arranged in a hierarchical, nested structure similar to that used in Google Earth to activate and deactivate various data layers. At the individual tag level, users can also view, download, or access the data through an ERDDAP server directly from the data menu (i.e., without having to locate that specific tag on the map first). The ERDDAP 16 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 server enables users to quickly query, visualize, and download data in 37 formats, including CSV (Comma-Separated values), NetCDF (Network Common Data Form), MatLab (Matrix Laboratory), KML (Keyhole Markup Language), and Shape. More importantly, once the user has created a query, ERDDAP provides a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) for that query that can be incorporated directly into other systems (e.g., websites, Matlab routines, and models) that require ongoing access to those data streams. Figure 5. ATN DAC web portal graphical display that includes location data for track visualization in real‐time, downloads of ocean profile data, and acoustic detection data. These data can be downloaded via U.S. IOOS standard service (e.g., ERDDAP). This website is accessible at oceanview.pfeg.noaa.gov/ATN. 2.4.3 DAC Data Products The ATN will provide routine animal telemetry data and data products via the ATN DAC web interface to meet Federal and non‐Federal requirements. For all tag types (satellite, archival, and acoustic), tag deployment and recovery metadata will be available on the ATN DAC website. For acoustic tags, receiver deployment metadata will also be available. Some satellite tags provide real-time access to location only, whereas other satellite‐linked, time‐depth recorders provide real-time access to location, temperature, salinity, fluorometry, and depth data, which are transmitted via the GTS and archived in the World Oceanographic Data Center. Raw, unfiltered datasets are available on the ATN DAC website, and the latest simulated model animal tracks are displayed on the web interface, including confidence intervals around individual daily Argos or Fastloc® locations. 17 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 For archival tags and pop‐up archival tags, raw datasets are available upon recovery of the tags, or the tag data are transmitted via satellite after release from the animal. Quality-controlled, processed, light‐ based geolocation tracks and state-space modeled tracks, including confidence intervals around individual daily locations, will be available via the ATN DAC. Detailed depth and/or temperature utilization plots and interpolated position‐depth‐temperature plots will also be available. Real-time acoustic and historical detection data (per receiver, where available) will be plotted and available for download on the ATN DAC web interface. Acoustic receivers can also be mounted on mobile platforms, as is currently done with Wave Gliders, and plotted on the ATN DAC website. In some cases, stationary or mobile platforms are satellite linked and can deliver near‐real-time tag detection data married to platform location data. A centralized ATN DAC web interface does not replace the need for the U.S. IOOS RAs to display animal telemetry data and to use these data to produce products of particular interest for individual regions. 2.4.4 ATN Relational Database Management Systems For ATN DAC internal data transport and storage, a relational database management system provides an effective interoperable solution. Data and metadata in the ATN DAC warehouse will be managed with open source web content and relational database systems (e.g., Linux, PostgreSQL, PostGIS, R) and accessed using a variety of common Geographic Information System (GIS) protocols (e.g., Geoserver, OpenDAP). 2.4.5 Data Element-level Metadata Metadata standards are particular ways of writing metadata. Metadata are becoming more important because the volume of data generated in scientific studies is increasing rapidly. Metadata standards are becoming critical as data are increasingly shared online across national boundaries, among different languages and cultures, and automatically by capable computer servers. The ATN will not create new metadata standards. Given the nature of ATN as a large, collaborative project, it will actively promote existing metadata standards and provide guidance on what metadata standards are vital to ATN data management. To this end, the U.S. IOOS PO has worked with experts to identify useful metadata standards for particular types of data. The U.S. IOOS PO and the Northwest Association of Networked Ocean Observing Systems (NANOOS), worked with Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking, TOPP, NOAA, OTN, Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring System, Great Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System (GLATOS), the Pacific Northwest Sound data management project (Hydra), and others to develop metadata standards for acoustic telemetry (code.google.com/p/ioostech/wiki/AnimalAcousticTelData). Groups such as TOPP have made significant steps toward creating metadata for satellite and archival tags. 2.4.6 Discovery–level Metadata Currently, the U.S. IOOS recommends using International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19115 (www.ngdc.noaa.gov/wiki/index.php?title=ISO_Metadata_Standard) metadata standards for DMAC. Use of ISO metadata with controlled vocabulary identification and documentation will enable ATN data to be easily found through an open data discovery process and will link easily to the U.S. IOOS Catalog and other national catalogs. In addition, ERDDAP provides a service to translate metadata inputs with ISO 19115 and Federal Geographic Data Committee compliance. 2.4.7 Future Development of Metadata Standards 18 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 The ATN will continue to work toward development of metadata standards for animal telemetry in collaboration with data contributors and data aggregators. Standards will continue to evolve as new technologies become available, so it is important for the ATN to work closely with practitioners in the field and experts on international metadata standards. A practical way to proceed is to prioritize variables, working first on minimum simple sets of sharable data prior to the more complex data. Once the ATN adopts metadata standards, the standards will be useful only to the extent that the standards are adopted and used by scientists. A further necessary step is the publication and promotion of the metadata standards to researchers. To further these efforts, the ATN will: Convene regular meetings with experts in the field of animal telemetry and related fields, as well as experts in metadata standards, to discuss the adoption and refinement of metadata standards; Ensure that researchers understand how to use the metadata standards that are adopted by the ATN; Facilitate cooperation between the ATN data managers and the U.S. IOOS DMAC and U.S. IOOS RA data management teams to further the adoption of these metadata standards by U.S. IOOS RA members; and Encourage efforts by U.S. IOOS RAs and other data aggregators to promote ATN standards to their members and to independent researchers in the field; this would include development of tools for field collection and for submitting data and metadata. 2.4.8 ATN Data Archive and Stewardship The ATN DAC will meet a critical animal telemetry community need by developing an archive and stewardship agreement with NOAA to ensure that the ATN data are properly archived. The archival decision-making process will follow the NOAA Procedure for Scientific Records Appraisal and Archive Approval (www.ngdc.noaa.gov/wiki/images/0/0b/NOAA_Procedure_document_final.pdf). This procedure specifies a mechanism to formally document and maintain the steps NOAA takes in identifying, appraising, and approving what scientific records are preserved in a NOAA archive. 2.5 ATN Implementation Plan – Phase II 2.5.1 Infrastructure and Capability The United States, with a tremendous telemetry infrastructure, is a global leader in the field of animal telemetry. A recent survey of United States ATN assets revealed more than 2,800 acoustic receivers, at a cost of more than $6M (Figure 6). These assets are often owned and operated independently by multiple agencies and institutions with limited to no connectivity. There are animal telemetry programs owned and operated in almost all U.S. IOOS regions, which possess considerable expertise in tagging and receiver array operations and currently operate with different Federal, state, academic, or regional objectives (6. Appendix). In addition, the OTN has invested in animal telemetry infrastructure (acoustic receiver lines) in several United States regions (e.g., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Gulf of Mexico, Northwest Pacific, and Northwest Atlantic). Sharing across these and other studies could form a powerful network. For example, from 2000 to 2014, the TOPP program alone deployed more than 6,000 electronic tags on 24 pelagic fish species, 3 pinniped species, 2 whale species, 2 turtle species, 3 seabird species, and multiple squid species (Figure 7). 19 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Figure 6. Existing acoustic receiver deployments in United States waters based on a 2012 survey of ATN assets within the United States. Insets: The GLATOS acoustic array (upper right inset) and what was formerly the Pacific Ocean Salmon Telemetry acoustic array, currently operated by the OTN (upper left inset). A top priority of the ATN is the sustainable operations of the existing United States tagging capability and receiver arrays that have been deployed during the past 15 years, mostly in incremental pieces for coastal ocean research. In Phase II, as a component of the observations workshops described in section 2.5.2, the ATN will identify and prioritize infrastructure support to sustain ATN operations. 20 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Figure 7. Tagging of Pacific Pelagics tracks from more than 6000 individual birds, fish, whales, and other animals (2000‐-2014), and Tag‐A‐Giant program Bluefin tuna tracks from more than 1,800 deployments. The tracks show areas of overlap, common habitat utilization, and biological hotspots in the Pacific Ocean10 2.5.2 Baseline Animal Telemetry Observations In Phase II of ATN implementation, to be initiated in 2016, the ATN will hold a series of regional meetings and workshops with the science community, the U.S. IOOS PO, U.S. IOOS RAs, stakeholders, Federal and state agencies, and tribal entities to identify and receive input on existing assets and capability, and regional priorities for animal telemetry observations of aquatic species (e.g., pinnipeds, sharks, whales, fishes, turtles, and seabirds) that complement existing and planned efforts (Appendix). This national planning process will be used by the IOOS PO and the SG to identify: Observation priorities to ensure that both national and regional needs are met; A concise plan for sufficient funding of the envisaged national ATN tagging program, including infrastructure and operations; and How the ATN national operations budget will be distributed across the eleven U.S. IOOS RAs, and how integration and coordination of these assets will be achieved. The ATN SG, in collaboration with the NC, will work within the scope of existing participating agency budgets to support the identified priorities, explicitly accounting for ATN program observation needs and the requirements stipulated by Federal and state agencies and non‐Federal entities that provide substantial funding and/or in‐kind support. The voting SG membership (see Section 4, Governance) will ensure that final decisions on baseline observations are balanced fairly across the national telemetry community and the individual U.S. IOOS RAs. Although national observation priorities will need to be officially established, potential priorities may include: 21 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Support fishery resource and protected-species management across a range of species and environments, potentially including identification of stock boundaries and critical habitats such as spawning and foraging sites, the elucidation of animal behaviors and the impacts of anthropogenic disturbances, and the collection of movement and demographic data to enhance stock and ecosystem assessments; Promote the use of animals as biological sensors to monitor remote physical ocean environments to improve ocean-atmosphere modeling and forecasting; Promote the use of animals as sentinels of climate changes; and Encourage development and testing of new technologies and approaches such as smaller, less expensive, longer-lived tags; new and improved sensors; refined geolocations; improved animal capture, handling, and tagging methods; networked tags and receivers to improve data retrieval, and greater coordination of multi-species deployments. Priority baseline observations will be of two types. The first will be consistent, long‐term observations from satellites, archival tags, and acoustic systems intended as stable resources rather than responses to short‐term requirements. Review and consideration of changes in these consistent, long-term priority baseline observations will occur on a regular cycle, and be initiated only after careful consideration and consultations among the SG, U.S. IOOS RAs, Federal agencies, non‐Federal entities, and stakeholders. The second type of priority baseline observation will be focused observations of animal responses to unexpected events such as warm-water anomalies (e.g., El Niños), oil spills (e.g., the Gulf of Mexico Deepwater Horizon oil spill), and natural disasters. The small and mobile nature of acoustic receivers and arrays, satellite and archival tags, and tagging equipment provides an inherent flexibility that can be used by the ATN. In limited cases or in response to an urgent national need, the ATN may request that assets held by the various regional operators and institutions be tasked with limited‐duration, targeted tagging efforts. The U.S. IOOS RAs and SG will nominate targets, with scope and tasking determined by the voting members of the SG. 2.5.3 Resource Requirements for Sustained ATN Operations Federal, tribal, state, local, and private partner organizations have a shared responsibility to support sustained, consistent animal telemetry operations and timely sharing and delivery of high‐quality data and data products. This will require stable resource allocations to support ATN operations, the NC, and the DAC within the parameters of existing agency budgets. Interested Federal, tribal, state, and local agencies and private organizations in partnership with the U.S. IOOS PO will commit annual funds for coordinated activities through the U.S. IOOS RAs or directly with ATN individual partners in support of priorities set forth by the SG, on the basis of the coordination outlined above. U.S. IOOS RAs and individual partners will utilize funds regionally to initiate and support animal telemetry and telemetry activities that would be coordinated with the ATN. There are several potential funding mechanisms to support ATN baseline animal telemetry observations once needs are identified and prioritized by region. For example, proposals may be solicited through the National Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP). NOPP research initiatives are fueled by broad science and technology goals of Federal agencies who work together to fill knowledge-needs that might fall between agency-missions or to achieve science and technology goals too large for any single agency to tackle alone. Partnerships include state and tribal governments, private sector industries, academia, and non-governmental organizations who collectively address national marine science priorities across a range of disciplines and data needs. The SG, in collaboration with the NC, could coordinate interested 22 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Federal and non‐Federal partners to request proposals through NOPP for baseline animal observations and associated infrastructure on a regular 2- to 3-year cycle. Funding for baseline animal telemetry observations will leverage existing support for animal telemetry programs nationwide. Animal tagging observations that employ or enhance existing ATN infrastructure and/or capacity (acoustic receiver arrays, tags, and associated equipment) will be encouraged by the SG in any calls for proposals. For example, the ATN will collaborate with the OTN to add permanent lines of strategicallylocated acoustic receivers to complement existing infrastructure in the United States Economic Exclusion Zone, maximize national benefit, and form a continental array of receivers. Additionally, the ATN will seek to integrate acoustic receivers with existing U.S. IOOS platforms (e.g., buoys and unmanned autonomous vehicles) when possible. The integration of ATN instruments with U.S. IOOS platforms will enhance the capability of ATN to transmit more data and faster volumes via the Iridium satellite system. The ATN will explore different mechanisms for supporting existing animal telemetry studies, including in-kind support from partner Federal and non-Federal entities and equipment support for ATN related activities. For example, the ATN may opt to have a pool of mobile and stationary acoustic receivers available for loan for a period of up to 1 to 2 years. These units can be made available to help expand existing studies into new regions and to allow researchers to collect preliminary data that can be used to form the basis of funding applications to establish more permanent acoustic receiver arrays or can be used for specific events to respond to emergencies. Should a call for proposals be released, individuals or groups of scientists could submit a proposal through NOPP or through the cooperative agreements for future studies using ATN assets. Any solicitations should support the ATN guidelines and principles. 3. ATN Data-Sharing Guidelines ATN data management is designed to handle diverse data types and to support archival, satellite, and acoustic telemetry data from individual researchers and large programs. Archival services, QA/QC processes, data products, and dissemination to users are key components. The ATN data management system will address the needs of the ATN and fit within the DMAC guidelines of the U.S. IOOS whenever possible (ioos.noaa.gov/data/contribute-data). Outlined below are the ATN guidelines regarding the sharing of data and products by ATN participants funded partially or entirely by Federal agencies (considered Federal data), as well as those participants funded through non‐Federal mechanisms (non‐Federal data). 3.1 Guidelines – Federal Data The landscape is quickly evolving regarding the policies, procedures, and acceptable practices for public access to data and results from Federally-funded research. The principles for compliance are generally described within the U.S. Open Government Initiative in the White House memo entitled Increasing Access to the Results of Federally Funded Scientific Research (www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/ostp_public_access_memo_2013.pdf) and the Executive Order Making Open and Machine Readable the New Default for Government Information (www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/09/executive-order-making-open-and-machinereadable-new-default-government). Federal agencies are required to provide public access to research results, and data collected are to be managed as an asset in open, machine-readable formats. Specifics regarding the implementation of these requirements are left to individual agencies. Although the ATN strives to provide Federal participants a data management platform that is compliant with the U.S. Open Government Initiative, each ATN participant providing Federal data is ultimately 23 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 responsible for ensuring that all Federal requirements are met. For example, the National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Ocean Sciences requires that data from NSF funded research be deposited at the Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (www.bco-dmo.org), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration has SeaBASS (seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov) as a data repository. The ATN will identify Federal data requirements and initiatives and develop Memoranda of Understanding or another type of formal relationship with these Federal repositories. In most cases, depositing and sharing data and metadata via the ATN should meet Federal requirements. The ATN DAC in its current version (oceanview.pfeg.noaa.gov/ATN) provides an example of a publically accessible database that satisfies some of the existing requirements. Extramural researchers receiving Federal grants and contracts may choose to publish their data to the ATN DAC, according to the data policies of the funding agency. If the funding agency policy and/or program managers do not provide specific guidance, extramural researchers will be entitled to require that access to the data that the researchers upload to ATN DAC be initially restricted (i.e. password protected) to only individuals who are approved by that collaborator at their sole discretion These data are referred to as restricted data. The terms relating to the restricted access period will be clearly stated by the researcher and should not exceed two years from the end date of the collection period. Extramural researchers will have the option to format their data according to ATN DAC standards and conventions (ioos.noaa.gov/data/contribute-data). The ATN SG will encourage publication of data through regional portals (ioos.noaa.gov/regions) so that ATN data can be discovered and accessed from multiple locations, thereby increasing the likelihood that it is useful to the widest possible audience. The DAC data manager will also ensure publication of ATN data through the U.S. IOOS Catalog (ioos.noaa.gov/data/catalog). 3.2 Guidelines – Non‐Federal Data Non‐Federal participants have the option to send their data to the ATN DAC for archiving and publishing. Participants can require that access to the data that the participants upload to ATN DAC initially be restricted to only individuals who are approved by that collaborator at the collaborator’s sole discretion. As described under the previous section on Federal data, these data are referred to as restricted data. The terms relating to the restricted access period will be clearly stated by the researcher and should not exceed two years from the end date of the collection period. Decisions to allow for a restricted access period greater than two years shall be made by an ATN Data Coordination Committee, which will likely be a sub‐group of the ATN SG and include staff from the ATN DAC. Non‐Federal data collaborators also will have the option to have full control of their data. To control their data, collaborators will have to log in to ATN DAC data-sharing tools to create a new project. Data owners will have full control over who can view and download their project/data in the ATN DAC. When a user creates a project on ATN DAC data-sharing tools, he or she becomes a data manager for that project and defines the visibility of and access to their project. For example, a data manager can: Make the project description and data inaccessible to all others; Allow selected users (collaborators) to view data, with optional download access; Allow selected users (data managers) to upload, edit, and view and download data; Allow the public to view the project description and one animal track but restrict access to data and other tracks; or Allow the public to view the project and freely download the project data. 24 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 The data owners (data managers) for a project control access to three user groups: data managers, collaborators, and the public (all others). The user who creates a project is initially the only data manager for the project. When registered users are added as a principal investigator and contact for the project, these users will also be added as data managers. Data managers can define additional ATN DAC users as data managers or collaborators following ATN DAC data-sharing tools guidance. Only those users who are data managers for a project are allowed to change project permissions and upload and edit data. A principal investigator who would like to have his or her dataset reviewed and permanently archived for other researchers and the public can consider publishing his or her data set in the ATN DAC. 3.3 Data Submission to ATN DAC ATN participants who agree to submit their data to the ATN DAC are responsible for ensuring that data are uploaded in accordance with predefined ATN standards and are submitted to the ATN DAC as outlined above. Details on data upload shall be set out in a Data Use Agreement. Participants will have the option to inform ATN of any errors, inaccuracies, or necessary updates with respect to their data as soon as possible after becoming aware of such issues, or the participants can access and update their data on their own. Oceanographic observations, whether or not the observations are captured on ATNfunded equipment, can be submitted directly (in real time, if feasible) to the ATN DAC. Tag-collected oceanographic data will be quality controlled through the ATN DAC and inserted onto the World Meteorological Organization Global Telecommunication System if appropriate (see details at www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/TEM/GTS/index_en.html). For acoustic telemetry, there are collaborators that deploy the tags (deployment collaborators) and collaborators that collect the tracking data from the receivers (tracking collaborators). Each deployment collaborator will direct potential tracking collaborators and others seeking access to data to ATN DAC. Upon retrieval and downloading of an acoustic receiver, the following operational metadata will be made public as soon as practicable: receiver location, deployment date, download date, and the identification code of any tags detected. ATN participants with existing services or infrastructure (e.g., OPenDAP, ESRI ArcGIS servers) for providing public access to telemetry data will be able to request that the ATN ingest data from these existing sources. 3.4 Responsibilities in Use of ATN Data All individuals who use ATN data in a publication, product, or commercial application shall provide proper attribution to all providers of those data and/or the ATN, and shall inform the ATN of any publications, products, or commercial applications that make use of ATN data. All individuals who use ATN data will agree and acknowledge that neither ATN nor the data provider is liable for any inaccuracies in the ATN data. All users of ATN data are responsible for investigating and understanding the limitations of ATN data. The ATN will explore options to implement the Digital Object Identifier (www.doi.org) in all citations of datasets made accessible through the ATN DAC. All registered users of the ATN DAC are required to report all problems with respect to ATN data to the ATN. 3.5 Sustainability and Availability The ATN Data Coordination Committee will be responsible for conducting periodic reviews of data management activities to ensure that the activities are consistent with the ATN data-sharing guidelines. All unrestricted data held by the ATN will be routinely copied to U.S. IOOS RA Portals, the NOAA U.S. 25 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 IOOS Catalog, and international animal telemetry partners (e.g., Global Ocean Observing System), and routinely copied to the NOAA National Center for Environmental Information (NCEI) for permanent archiving. 3.6 Important Resources The ATN data-sharing guidelines were greatly enhanced with information from the following: NOAA Data Sharing Policy for Grants and Cooperative Agreements Procedural Directive, www.nosc.noaa.gov/EDMC/PD.DSP.php; Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking Project---Statement of Data Principles, http://www.coml.org/projects/pacific-ocean-shelf-tracking-project-post MoveBank Permissions and Data Sharing, www.movebank.org; OTN Data Policy, oceantrackingnetwork.org; Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring System Data Policy, imos.org.au/aatams.html. 4. Governance The governance of the ATN is essential to its success. A national network requires national coordination with distributed regional expertise to ensure effective network stewardship and operations. The ATN will be supported by multiple Federal agencies within their current budget structures under the U.S. Economy Act (31 U.S.C. § 1535). The U.S. IOOS PO will implement the national ATN in partnership with Federal agencies and in collaboration with the community of U.S. IOOS RAs and regional experts. 4.1 Roles and Responsibilities The ATN NC will be the overall coordinator for the animal telemetry network. The NC, in collaboration with the ATN SG, will be responsible for coordinating resources; liaising among the data team, the U.S. IOOS PO, U.S. IOOS RAs, and Federal agencies; and serving as the national and international point of contact. 4.1.1 Interagency Ocean Observation Committee The IOOC established a Federal Steering Group Task Team (SG-TT) responsible for designing a governance structure to ensure successful execution of this Plan. The IOOC was legislated in the Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act of 2009 (P.L. 111-11) and oversees efforts to develop the National Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observing System. Led by three Federal co-chairs, with representation from Federal agency representatives and support staff, the IOOC carries out various provisions of the Act for implementing procedural, technical, and scientific requirements to ensure full execution of U.S. IOOS. 4.1.2 ATN Steering Group The ATN Steering Group (SG) will provide long‐term technical and programmatic expertise, as well as leadership for the ATN, consistent with FACA. The SG will comprise members representing Federal agencies involved in animal telemetry, with participation from the U.S. IOOS RAs, and non‐Federal entities. The IOOS PO will convene SG meetings and Federal agency members that are providing funding to support the ATN will have voting privileges; whereas, Federal agencies not providing ATN funding and non-Federal members will be non-voting members. The IOOS PO will convene the SG meeting and will 26 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 not seek consensus from the group, but seek individual input and feedback from members on matters related to the ATN. Voting members will vote on a number of issues, including Federal tasking or budgets consistent with FACA. The ATN SG will create subcommittees as needed to address specific aspects of the ATN. In addition, each IOOC member agency with an interest in ATN data should identify a single point of contact for ATN issues. This individual, who may or may not sit on the SG, would provide input on ATN‐related issues and be responsible for coordinating input and feedback on the ATN within his or her agency. The SG members will serve on a rotational basis, with limited terms, unless participating agencies/U.S. IOOS RAs do not have additional qualified members. The members should have experience with animal tagging and telemetry. The SG will meet three times a year for the first two years, and bi‐annually thereafter, which will include one annual in‐person meeting. The SG will be responsible for the following: In coordination with the NC, defining the overarching ATN scientific and operational objectives on the basis of this ATN Implementation Plan; In coordination with the NC, leading the development of updates to the ATN Implementation Plan as needed; Identifying long‐term strategies to meet ATN goals and objectives outlined in the ATN Implementation Plan that take into consideration Federal, tribal, non‐Federal, regional, and other user needs; and Reviewing and providing input on ATN scientific and technical directions for U.S. IOOS, partner agencies, and the academic community. Whereas, the SG Federal members with voting privileges will be responsible for the following: Annual budget review and approval among participating agencies that fund animal tagging; In coordination with the NC, implementing annual priorities and objectives; Lead the coordination of funding pathways by Federal, state, local, tribal, and industry partners, to achieve the annual operating plan goals; and Advising the NC on implementation issues. 4.1.3 U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System Program Office The U.S. IOOS PO will support ATN implementation and will pursue opportunities to advance ATN objectives through collaboration with Federal agencies on the SG and the tagging community. The U.S. IOOS PO will implement annual budget plans for implementation of the ATN. Data integration is a key element of U.S. IOOS, and U.S. IOOS PO staff will work with the ATN data management teams to ensure that the ATN develops in a way that is consistent with the larger IOOS DMAC enterprise. 4.1.4 ATN Network Coordinator The ATN NC, located within the U.S. IOOS PO, will coordinate the overall network management, both programmatically and operationally, and serve as the central and primary point of contact for the SG, participating Federal agencies, U.S. IOOS RAs, and other regional experts. The NC will carry out the following specific tasks for the network: In coordination with the SG, lead the ongoing development of the overall ATN; 27 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 In coordination with the U.S. IOOS PO, support ATN implementation and pursue opportunities to advance ATN objectives; Develop the annual operating plan and budget materials; Support the SG and the interagency funding mechanisms; Coordinate and ensure regular communication with the U.S. IOOS RAs and regional experts; Serve as a liaison between all parties involved in the ATN, including the U.S. IOOS PO, U.S. IOOS RAs, SG, Federal agencies, and regional experts; Ensure that the ATN activities are integrated with other ocean observing activities; Track network performance metrics (see Section 4.3) and report the results to the SG and to U.S. IOOS PO leadership; In coordination with the U.S. IOOS PO, oversee the DAC O&M, which may be contracted to a third party; Support data coordination and training (see Section 2.4); and Support outreach to the stakeholder and user communities (see Section 5). 4.1.5 U.S. IOOS Regional Associations The U.S. IOOS RAs will assist with coordinating regional ATN efforts in those regions that have animal telemetry activities, and implementing any annual ATN work plans on a regional level as appropriate. In regions that do not have RAs active in animal telemetry or participating in the ATN, the SG will identify regional points of contact with animal telemetry experience. The regional points of contact may be the U.S. IOOS RA director or staff, or other individuals with appropriate animal telemetry expertise. In all cases, the regional point of contact will ensure that animal telemetry activities are coordinated with the U.S. IOOS RA activities when possible. 4.1.6 Animal Telemetry Programs and Individual Partners Researchers located at academic institutions and Federal and non-Federal organizations will become members of the ATN when the researchers contribute by supporting national infrastructure (through acoustic receiver lines and animal telemetry equipment), submitting historic or current datasets to the DAC, and/or deploying or recovering tags in support of baseline tagging operations. 4.2 Environmental Compliance All ATN activities involving vertebrate animals are conducted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the NMFS and the National Environmental Policy Act. Individual researchers contributing data to or supported by the ATN are responsible for obtaining any required scientific permits for tagging specific species using recognized standard operating procedures (e.g., www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/permits/mmpa_permits.html). 4.3 Performance Metrics There are many potential performance metrics available with which to gauge the performance of national ATN development. The intent of the ATN is to follow the standards set by Federal operational networks and data providers, such as the National Weather Service National Data Buoy Center. 28 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Performance of the ATN will be evaluated by the SG at different levels of organization, from the national level to regional tracking activities. Individual tracking projects may be components of regional programs (equivalent to U.S. IOOS RAs), and these regional programs may, in turn, be nested within the national ATN. It is also possible that individual projects may interact directly with the national ATN. Performance metrics should reflect these different organizational scales, but some performance metrics may be applicable to all organizational scales. Some significant outputs from animal tracking activities may be difficult to quantify. One specific example is the use of tracking outputs for governmental or private sector planning or permitting decisions; documenting when these events occur and quantifying their impact can be problematic. The following sections describe the types of performance metrics that may be applied at various levels of the ATN. 4.3.1 National Level At the national level, the ATN will be evaluated by the SG on the basis of the combined productivity of individual projects, performance of the U.S. IOOS RAs on ATN-related matters, and specific nationallevel metrics. In more detail, evaluation may be based on the: • Ability to secure specific, adequate, and continuing funding for regional and local activities such as deployment and maintenance of ATN infrastructure (i.e., acoustic receivers and arrays, satellite tags); • Number of Federal agencies and non‐Federal entities utilizing data from ATN sources. These include, for example, U.S. NAVY and NOAA ocean circulation operational models (e.g., Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model) and NOAA Fisheries stock assessment models; • Frequency or volume of data and data products uploaded to the national ATN DAC, the U.S. IOOS Catalog, and the NCEI from individual and regional ATN projects; • Number of visits to public U.S. IOOS ATN and ATN DAC websites; • Incorporation of data and models into national, regional, or local policy and decision-making (e.g., marine planning, Marine Protected Area design, habitat restoration, and military and energy-sector risk assessment); • Academic excellence (e.g., published papers and reports, student support); • Number of programs that associate themselves with the ATN; and • Interactions with international partners. 4.3.2 Regional Organizations U.S. IOOS RAs participating in ATN activities will be evaluated on the basis of the combined performance of individual ATN projects operating under the U.S. IOOS RA umbrella and on the performance of the U.S. IOOS RA in promoting ATN objectives. Specifically, U.S. IOOS RA evaluation may include: Operational success (i.e., the numbers of animals tagged, receivers deployed and downloaded), transmitted data packages received, and number and duration of successful tracks obtained by projects operating under the region’s umbrella; Academic excellence (e.g., papers and reports published, student support, and technical training provided); 29 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Management pertinence ( i.e., production of information used for decision making, such as marine planning, construction permitting, and public safety policies); Ability to attract additional local funding partners, such as non‐Federal entities; Outreach activity (e.g., web page hits); Capacity building (e.g., the number of students and technicians supported and/or trained); Frequency of data uploaded to GTS data base; and Frequency of retrieval of data supplied from regional activities funded through the ATN. 5. Communications, Outreach, and Education 5.1 Communications and Outreach A communications and outreach strategy is critical to achieving the desired impact of the ATN in ensuring stakeholder engagement. Such a strategy will be developed both for internal and external network communications, as well as outreach to partners, , data users, stakeholders, and others. The strategy should be formulated within the first few years of operation by the ATN SG and the ATN NC, in collaboration with ATN operators, partners, data users, and stakeholders. Goals of such a plan include: Increasing transparency, collaboration, and communication at all levels of the ATN; Improving public awareness, trust, and accurate understanding of the ATN’s vision, mission, goals, and accomplishments through the use of consistent messages; Regular incorporation of feedback obtained through strategies, such as public sessions at an annual meeting, regional presentations, and surveys; Showcasing benefits and impacts of the ATN, including improved fisheries management and marine planning; Extending the awareness and use of the ATN to a broader audience, including to students and researchers studying fields ranging from fisheries management to ocean circulation and ocean climate, and those requiring data and information for planning, permitting, and development activities; Communicating to Congress and the user community (e.g., modelers, operational agencies, and the public) the potential applications of the ATN and the value of ATN data to promote understanding of telemetered animals’ migration and behavior; and Promoting career paths related to technology, ocean observations, and ocean‐related sciences. The communications and outreach strategy will describe how the ATN is coordinated with partners’ outreach efforts. The strategy will list the tasks to be performed and by whom, including the necessary methods, tools, timelines, outcomes, and indicators that will help measure and evaluate the strategy’s effectiveness. 5.2 Education Animals are an accessible way to foster public understanding of the value of the ocean, coasts, and Great Lakes, and the observing systems that provide information on these systems. The ATN will 30 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 develop an education strategy and plan that addresses both formal (K-12 and post‐secondary) and informal education (e.g., aquaria, museums, and zoos). The strategy will work with existing education, outreach, and communications programs within the U.S. IOOS RAs, such as activities carried out under the National Sea Grant College Program. The ATN education strategy and plan will also address the potential for using animal telemetry data to build products for grades K-12 and for exposing the public to these data through informal education programs that could include exhibits on tracks of tagged animals in near‐real time. The ATN will consult the Ocean Research Advisory Panel 2013 report Leveraging Ocean Education Opportunities (www.nopp.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Leveraging-Ocean-EducationOpportunities.pdf) in developing its education and outreach strategies and carrying out education and outreach activities. 31 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Appendix Survey Results and Analysis Summary NOTE: The data displayed and tabulated in this Appendix were gathered from a survey of ATN task team members and associated institutions, and represent only a sampling of the actual assets, data, and planned efforts that would make up the emerging ATN. Therefore, this information should not be interpreted as a complete list and representation of ongoing ATN activities, but rather a subset that highlights input for the ATN at a national scale. 32 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Table 1. Summary of the inventory of data sets gathered by the ATN TT during outreach to researchers currently conducting animal telemetry projects. This table is not a complete inventory of animal telemetry data sets, but it provides a sampling of the number and types of data sets that the ATN-TT Implementation Plan will aim to integrate. Each dataset has a principal investigator name, project name, institution, specific location, and IOOS region. General tag types are listed with sample size and date of collection. The common and/or scientific species names are listed with current location of datasets and any associated websites. Associated Principal Investigator Project Title Andy Seitz Dispersal patterns and summer ocean distribution of adult Dolly Varden in the Chukchi Sea, evaluated with University of satellite telemetry Alaska Fairbanks Chukchi Sea Institution Location U.S. IOOS Regional Association Sample Tag Type Size Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Alaska (AOOS) Satellite 52 Dolly Varden 2012-2013 char My desktop Satellite 80 2001-2008 Pacific halibut My desktop 7 2011-2012 Big skate My desktop Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Andy Seitz Pop-up satellite tagging of Pacific halibut Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, University of and Aleutian Alaska Fairbanks Islands AOOS Andy Seitz Pop-up satellite tagging of big skates University of Gulf of Alaska Fairbanks Alaska AOOS Satellite Institution U.S. IOOS Regional Association Sample Tag Type Size Associated PI Project Title Location 33 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 London Argos Locations NMFS Alaska Fisheries Science Center / National Marine Mammal Laboratory(AFSC Cook /NMML) Inlet/GOA University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Estimating the survival of Service, incidentally captured California Steve Lindley, sub-adult green sturgeon Department of Phaedra in the California halibut Fish and Wildlife Doukakis fishery (NMFS, CDFW) Sean Hayes Salmonid movement and NOAA NMFS survival SWFSC AOOS Satellite 75 2004-2006 Harbor seals Halibut Fishing grounds accessible from San Francisco and Half Moon Bay Harbors Central and Northern California (CeNCOOS) Satellite MayApproxim August (Acipenser atley 55 2015,2016 medirostris) California CeNCOOS Acoustic 4000 (Oncorhynchus 2012-2015 tshawytscha) NOAA NMFS Fisheries Ecology Division Local database A. Peter Klimley Salmonid movement and University of survival California, Davis California CeNCOOS Acoustic 3000 salmon, steelhead, sturgeon, striped 2006-2015 bass Hydra Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 1500 2007-2011 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 100 2011-2013 Pike minnow Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 100 2011-2013 striped bass Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 20 2011-2013 largemouth bass Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 1200 2012-2015 Chinook salmon Location IOOS Regional Association Sample Tag Type Size Associated PI Project Title Institution 34 Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 1500 2012-2015 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 900 2013-2015 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 300 2013-2015 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 300 2013-2015 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 120 2014-2015 striped bass Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 100 2014-2015 largemouth bass Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 50 2014-2015 channel catfish Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 50 2014-2015 white catfish Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 120 2012-2013 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 4200 2014-2015 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 3400 2014-2015 Steelhead Location IOOS Regional Association Sample Tag Type Size Associated PI Project Title Institution 35 Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Chris Holbrook Spatial distribution and abundance of adult sea lampreys during spawning migration through the St. Mary’s River United States Geological Service (USGS) Hammond Bay Biological Station Chris Holbrook Spatial distribution and abundance of adult sea lampreys during spawning migration through the St. Mary’s River USGS Hammond Bay Biological Millersburg, Station MI Nicholas Johnson Escapement of spawning phase sea lampreys into USGS Hammond the upper Cheboygan Bay Biological Millersburg, River Station MI Millersburg, MI Great Lakes (GLOS) GLOS Michigan State University East Lansing, MI GLOS Spatial ecology, migration and mortality of adult walleye in Lake Huron and western Lake Todd Hayden Erie Michigan State University East Lansing, MI GLOS Spatial ecology, migration and mortality of adult walleye in Lake Huron and western Lake Todd Hayden Erie Michigan State University East Lansing, MI GLOS Associated PI Project Title Institution Location Acoustic GLOS Spatial ecology, migration and mortality of adult walleye in Lake Huron and western Lake Todd Hayden Erie Acoustic Acoustic Acoustic Acoustic Acoustic IOOS Regional Association 36 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/1 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/1 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/9 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/2 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/2 2010-2015 (Sander vitreus) GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/2 Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL 593 (Petromyzon 2010-2012 marinus) 499 (Petromyzon 2010-2012 marinus) 148 (Petromyzon marinus) 497 18 27 Sample Tag Type Size 2011 2010-2015 (Sander vitreus) 2010-2015 (Sander vitreus) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Thomas Binder Reproductive behavior of wild and hatchery lake trout in the Drummond Island Refuge, Lake Michigan State Huron University East Lansing, MI GLOS Thomas Binder Reproductive behavior of wild and hatchery lake trout in the Drummond Island Refuge, Lake Michigan State Huron University East Lansing, MI GLOS Thomas Binder Reproductive behavior of lake trout on natural and artificial reefs in Thunder Michigan State Bay, Lake Huron University East Lansing, MI GLOS Thomas Binder Reproductive behavior of lake trout on natural and artificial reefs in Thunder Michigan State Bay, Lake Huron University East Lansing, MI GLOS Michael Wagner A field investigation of the potential to control sea lampreys through pheromone mediated redistribution of migrants Michigan State in the Great Lakes University East Lansing, MI GLOS Michael Wagner A field investigation to determine how sea lamprey move from Lake Huron back to the coast where sea lamprey locate Michigan State rivers and spawn University East Lansing, MI GLOS Associated PI Project Title Institution Location Acoustic Acoustic Acoustic Acoustic Acoustic Acoustic IOOS Regional Association 37 201 (Salvelinus 2010-2014 namaycush) 189 (Salvelinus 2010-2014 namaycush) 40 (Salvelinus 2012-2013 namaycush) 34 (Salvelinus 2012-2013 namaycush) 270 (Petromyzon 2010-2011 marinus) 67 Sample Tag Type Size 2012 (Petromyzon marinus) Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/3 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/3 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/16 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/16 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/11 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/19 Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Michael Wagner Movement ecology of sea lamprey in a river plume under application of Michigan State alarm cue University East Lansing, MI GLOS Michael Wagner Movement ecology of sea lamprey in a river plume under application of Michigan State alarm cue University East Lansing, MI GLOS Christopher Vandergoot Identifying migration patterns and spatial ecology of a reef spawning stock of walleye in the western basin of Lake Erie Ohio Department of Natural Resources Sandusky, OH Christopher Vandergoot Understanding dam removal impacts on a formerly prolific Great Lake’s walleye population Ohio Department of Natural Resources Sandusky, OH Chris Holbrook Feasibility of acoustic telemetry to describe the spatial distribution of USGS Hammond adult sea lampreys in the Bay Biological Millersburg, Huron-Erie Corridor Station MI Darryl Hondorp Lake sturgeon metapopulation structure: migration pathways, spawning fidelity, and survival in a complex river-lake ecosystem Dewayne Fox Gulf Sturgeon Associated PI Project Title USGS Great Lakes Science Center Ann Arbor, MI Acoustic Acoustic GLOS Acoustic GLOS Acoustic GLOS Acoustic GLOS Institution Location IOOS Regional Association 38 49 274 101 2013 2013 (Petromyzon marinus) 2014-2016 (Sander vitreus) 2014-2016 (Sander vitreus) (Petromyzon marinus) GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/17 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/17 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/20 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/20 GLATOS http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/21 http://data.glos .us/glatos/proje cts/5 27 2014 268 (Acipenser 2011-2015 fulvescens) GLATOS Acoustic (Acipenser up to 2351 oxyrinchus days desotoi) DSU Sample Tag Type Size Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Acoustic Choctawatch Delaware State ee Bay/Gulf Gulf of Mexico University (DSU) of Mexico (GCOOS) 15 (Petromyzon marinus) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Dewayne Fox Atlantic Sturgeon DSU Delaware Coast/Bay/Ri ver and Mid-Atlantic Hudson River (MARACOOS) Dewayne Fox Sand Tiger DSU Delaware Bay/Coast MARACOOS Acoustic up to 2397 (Carcharias days Taurus) DSU Dewayne Fox Horseshoe Crab DSU Delaware Bay/Coast MARACOOS Acoustic up to 1200 (Limulus days polyphemus) DSU Robin Baird Satellite tagging deep diving odontocetes Cascadia Research Collective Cape Hatteras MARACOOS Andy Read DTagging deep diving odontocetes Duke University Cape Hatteras Doug Nowacek Dtagging Duke University Jacksonville Tagging and tracking sea turtles Virginia Aquarium and Marine Science Center Chesapeake bay Tagging and tracking sea turtles Virginia Aquarium and Marine Science Center Chesapeake bay Location Sue Barco Sue Barco Associated PI Project Title Institution Acoustic (Acipenser up to 3650 oxyrinchus days oxyrinchus) DSU Satellite pilot whales, beaked whales, (Tursiops) Link MARACOOS Acoustic pilot whales, beaked whales Link MARACOOS Acoustic NARW Link Satellite Loggerhead, green, Kemp's Ridley Link MARACOOS Acoustic Loggerhead, green, Kemp's Ridley Link IOOS Regional Association Sample Tag Type Size MARACOOS 39 Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Species Interactions NOAA-Northeast Fisheries Science Penobscot Center (NEFSC) Estuary Goulette Kennebec Telemetry NOAA-NEFSC Kennebec Estuary NERACOOS Hawkes Penobscot Hatchery versus Wild NOAA-NEFSC Penobscot Estuary & Bay Kim Holland Movements of Predators University of in Hawaiian Archipelago Hawaii Hawkes Northeast Atlantic (NERACOOS) 250 2013, 2015 Atlantic Salmon OTN Acoustic 100 2014, 2015 Atlantic Salmon OTN Northeast Atlantic (NERACOOS) Acoustic 600 2010-2012 Atlantic Salmon OTN Pacific Islands (PacIOOS) Acoustic moderat 2000 e/large 2014 Acoustic 7mm and (Oncorhynchus larger 2001-2014 Spp. ) OTN and Hydra none pending none pending (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Manchester, WA Acoustic (S. lewini) In House NOAA Puget Sound, Strait of Juan de Fuca, San Juan Islands NANOOS Anna Kagley Acoustic tagging of Juvenile salmon NOAA Puget Sound, Strait of Juan de Fuca San Juan Is NANOOS Acoustic Vemco v7 and none larger pending Megan Moore Hood Canal Steelhead Survival NOAA/NWFSC Hood Canal, WA Acoustic 680 Hanson Acoustic detections of marine mammals off the coast of Washington, Oregon and California NWFSC Washington to central California Acoustic 6-17 recorder, up to full 2006year present (Primarily Orcinus orca) NWFSC Hanson Movements of killer whales SE Alaska to central California NANOOS Satellite 30 deploym 2008ents present (Primarily Orcinus orca) NWFSC Location IOOS Regional Association Sample Tag Type Size Anna Kagley Acoustic Telemetry for Juvenile Salmon Associated PI Project Title NWFSC Institution NANOOS NANOOS 40 4/2006 7/2010 Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Hanson Vessel noise levels in the presence of killer whales NWFSC Proof of concept acoustic telemetry evaluation John Day, The Dalles and Gene Ploskey Bonneville Dams, 2006 Bonneville Dam Survival Gene Ploskey Study 2008 John Day Dam Survival Mark Weiland Study Associated PI Project Title Puget Sound NANOOS Columbia River Pacific Northwest National Lab Pacific Northwest National Lab Institution Columbia River NANOOS NANOOS Archival 20 deploym ents 2010-2014 (Orcinus orca) NWFSC Acoustic 2501 yearling Chinook, 2502 subyearli May 13ng July 13, Chinook 2006 North Bonneville, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) office Acoustic 3431 yearling Chinook, 3430 steelhead , 5909 subyearli May 1(Oncorhynchus ng August 21, tshawtscha and Chinook 2008 O. mykiss) North Bonneville, PNNL office and University of Washington 3447 yearling Chinook, 3450 steelhead , 5931 subyearli May 1(Oncorhynchus ng August 21, tshawtscha and Chinook 2008 O. mykiss) North Bonneville, PNNL office and University of Washington Columbia River NANOOS Acoustic Location IOOS Regional Association Sample Tag Type Size 41 (Oncorhynchus tshawtscha) Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Bonneville Dam Survival Gene Ploskey Study 2009 John Day Dam Survival Mark Weiland Study 2009 Pacific Northwest National Lab Pacific Northwest National Lab Pacific Bonneville, The Dalles, Northwest Mark Weiland and John Day Dams 2010 National Lab Associated PI Project Title Institution Columbia River Columbia River NANOOS NANOOS Acoustic 3470 yearling Chinook, 3471 steelhead , 3461 subyearli April 27(Oncorhynchus ng August 25, tshawtscha and Chinook 2009 O. mykiss) North Bonneville, PNNL office and University of Washington Acoustic 3470 yearling Chinook, 3471 steelhead , 3461 subyearli April 27(Oncorhynchus ng August 25, tshawtscha and Chinook 2009 O. mykiss) North Bonneville, PNNL office and University of Washington 3905 yearling Chinook, 3905 steelhead , 4450 subyearli ng 4/28Chinook 8/5/2010 North Bonneville, PNNL office and University of Washington Columbia River NANOOS Acoustic Location IOOS Regional Association Sample Tag Type Size 42 (Oncorhynchus tshawtscha and O. mykiss) Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Pacific Bonneville, The Dalles, Northwest Mark Weiland and John Day Dams 2011 National Lab Bonneville, The Dalles, John Day and McNary Mark Weiland Dams 2012 McNary and John Day Mark Weiland Dams 2014 Associated PI Project Title Pacific Northwest National Lab Pacific Northwest National Lab Institution Columbia River Columbia River NANOOS NANOOS Acoustic 7800 yearling Chinook, 7800 steelhead , 7800 subyearli ng 4/27Chinook 8/7/2011 (Oncorhynchus tshawtscha and O. mykiss) North Bonneville, PNNL office and University of Washington Acoustic 5838 yearling Chinook, 5848 steelhead ,14,164 subyearli (Oncorhynchus ng 4/25tshawtscha and Chinook 8/10/2012 O. mykiss) North Bonneville, PNNL office and University of Washington 6548 yearling Chinook, 6565 steelhead , 8573 subyearli ng 4/25Chinook 8/4/2014 North Bonneville, PNNL office and University of Washington Columbia River NANOOS Acoustic Location IOOS Regional Association Sample Tag Type Size 43 (Oncorhynchus tshawtscha and O. mykiss) Date of Common Name Data (Scientific Collection Name) Data Center (or Data Storage Site) Related URL Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Culbertson Natural Habitat Associations and the Effects of Dredging on Fish at the Canaveral Shoals, east-central Florida Bureau of Ocean Energy Southeast Management Cape Atlantic (BOEM)/Navy Canaveral, FL (SECOORA) Lowe White croaker movements on Palos Verdes (PV) Shelf California State Southern University, Long Palos Verdes California Beach (CSULB) Shelf (SCCOOS) Lowe white croaker movements in Los Angeles (LA) Harbor CSULB LA and Port of Long Beach (LB) harbors Lowe green sea turtle movements CSULB San Gabriel River Lowe connectivity of estuarine predators CSULB Huntington Beach wetlands, Bolsa Chica Acoustic Acoustic 380 139 Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus), 107 spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), 62 red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), 35 finetooth sharks (Carcharhinus isodon) and 41 November blacknose sharks 2014(Carcharhinus present acronotus) 180 (Genyonemus lineatus, Paralabrax 2009-2011 nebulifer) CSULB dbase CSULB dbase SCCOOS Acoustic 220 (Genyonemus lineatus, Paralichthyes 2013-2014 californica) SCCOOS Acoustic 15 2013-2014 (Chelonia midas) CSULB dbase 45 (Triakis semifasciata, Mustelus californica, Paralichthys california, Paralabrax 2010-2012 maculafasciatus) CSULB dbase SCCOOS Acoustic Table 2. Summary of the animal telemetry assets gathered by the ATN-TT during outreach to researchers currently conducting animal telemetry projects. This table is not a complete inventory of animal telemetry assets, but it provides an indicative sampling of the number and types of 44 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 assets that the ATN Implementation Plan will aim to integrate. The purpose of this inventory is to provide an overview of the animal telemetry equipment assets that could be considered for inclusion in the ATN. Assets are highlighted in orange columns and include acoustic receivers, receiver arrays, and receivers on buoys and gliders. Other assets include satellite, archival, and acoustic tags with the associated numbers for each asset. Other information is principal investigator, associated project, target species as common and/or scientific name. Associated Principal Investigator Peter Boveng Peter Boveng Tom Gellat Tom Gellat Associated PI IOOS Regional Project Name Institution Association Ecology of Ice Associated NMFSSeals AFSC Ecology of Harbor Seals Northern Fur Seal Foraging Ecology Steller Sea Lion Foraging Ecology Project Name NMFSAFSC NMFSAFSC NMFSAFSC Location Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, Tag model (including gliders Satellite/Archival/Acoustic) AOOS Bering, Chukchi, Beaufort seas, Alaska NA AOOS Gulf of Alaska, Aleutian Islands, SE Alaska NA AOOS Pribilof Islands, Bering Sea, Alaska NA AOOS Gulf of Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Southeast Alaska Institution IOOS Regional Association Location NA Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) Argos SDR (e.g. Wildlife Computers SPLASH/SPOT) Tags purchased on an asneeded basis. At any given time there may be up to ~25 tags of various configurations in stock. ribbon seal, spotted seal,bearded seal,ringed seal Argos SDR (e.g. Wildlife Computers SPLASH/SPOT) Tags purchased on an asneeded basis. At any given time there may be up to ~25 tags of various configurations in stock. harbor seal Argos SDR (e.g. Wildlife Computers SPLASH/SPOT) Tags purchased on an asneeded basis. At any given time there may be up to ~25 tags of various configurations in stock. northern fur seal Argos SDR (e.g. Wildlife Computers SPLASH/SPOT) Tags purchased on an asneeded basis. At any given time there may be up to ~25 tags of various configurations in stock. Steller sea lion Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders 45 Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Phil Clapham Phil Clapham Phil Clapham Large Whales Beluga NMFS-AFSC NMFS-AFSC AOOS AOOS Bering, Chukchi, Beaufort seas, Alaska Bering Sea, Cook Inlet, Alaska NA Tags purchased on an asneeded basis. At any given Argos SDR (e.g. time there may be up to Wildlife Computers ~25 tags of various SPLASH/SPOT) configurations in stock. humpback whale, north pacific right whale, grey whale NA Tags are purchased on an as-needed basis and no consistent stock available on the shelf. At any given Argos SDR (e.g. time there may be up to Wildlife Computers ~25 tags of various SPLASH/SPOT) configurations in stock. beluga whale Tags are purchased on an as-needed basis and no consistent stock available on the shelf. At any given Argos SDR (e.g. time there may be up to Wildlife Computers ~25 tags of various SPLASH/SPOT) configurations in stock. killer whale NMFS-AFSC AOOS Aleutian Islands, Alaska NA Erik Oppegard Alaska Department of Natural Resources AOOS Port Heiden Buoy Peter Winsor University of Alaska Fairbanks AOOS Associated PI Killer Whale Project Name Institution IOOS Regional Association Glider Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders Location 46 Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/Acoustic) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Andy Seitz Dispersal patterns and summer ocean distribution of adult Dolly Varden in the University of Beaufort Sea, evaluated with Alaska satellite telemetry Fairbanks AOOS Beaufort Sea Satellite 32 (Dolly Varden char Salvelinus malma) Andy Seitz Oceanic dispersal and University of behavior of Chinook Salmon Alaska in the Bering Sea Fairbanks AOOS Bering Sea Satellite 20 Chinook salmon Andy Seitz Using pop-up satellite archival tags for University of understanding Pacific halibut Alaska movements Fairbanks AOOS Glacier Bay, inside Lotek LHP1 waters of mobile Southeast Alaska hydrophones Acoustic, satellite 22 Pacific halibut NMFS AFSC/NMML London Alaska Phocid Ecology Steve Lindley, Phaedra Doukakis Estimating the survival of incidentally captured subadult green sturgeon in the California halibut fishery UCSC, NOAA NMFS, CDFW Hayes Central Valley (CV) salmon migration/survival studies NOAA NMFS SWFSC Hayes CV salmon migration/survival studies Associated Principal Investigator Project Name NOAA NMFS SWFSC Institution AOOS Alaska Wildlife Computers SPLASH ? harbor, bearded, ringed, ribbon and spotted seal CeNCOOS Halibut Fishing grounds accessible from San Francisco and Half Moon Bay Harbors Desert Star SEATagMOD2 0/~55 (Acipenser medirostris) CeNCOOS California Central Valley and offVemco 69 shore Point Reyes kiloHertz (kHz) 300 Chinook salmon and Steelhead CeNCOOS Sacramento River and San Francisco Bay to the Golden Gate Bridge JSATS 150 Chinook and predatory fish species IOOS Regional Association Location Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders 47 v7, v9 SS300 JSATS tag Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Hayes CV salmon predation studies NOAA NMFS SWFSC CeNCOOS California Delta Vemco 180 kHz v4, v5 and v9180kHz 120 Chinook, Steelhead, Striped Bass, Largemouth Bass, channel and White catfish CeNCOOS Sacramento River and San Francisco Bay to the Golden Gate Bridge Vemco 69 kHz v13, V16 300 Chinook, Steelhead, Striped Bass, Largemouth Bass, Pikeminnow, Vemco 69 kHz v13, V16 300 Chinookadults Hayes CV salmon predation studies NOAA NMFS SWFSC Hayes CV salmon predation studies NOAA NMFS SWFSC CeNCOOS Central and Northern CA coastal ocean Chris Holbrook Spatial ecology of walleye in lakes Huron and Erie USGS Hammond Bay Biological Station GLOS Lake Huron Vemco VR2W-69 162 (Sander vitreus) Chris Holbrook Spatial ecology of walleye in lakes Huron and Erie USGS Hammond Bay Biological Station GLOS Lake Huron Vemco VR3-UWM 9 (Sander vitreus) Chris Holbrook USGS Spawning behavior of Hammond Bay lake trout in Lake Biological Huron Station GLOS Lake Huron Vemco VR2W-69 100 (Salvelinus namaycush) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) Associated Principal Investigator Project Name Institution IOOS Regional Association Location Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders 48 Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Chris Holbrook Distribution of adult sea lamprey in the Huron-Erie Corridor USGS Hammond Bay Biological Station GLOS Lake St. Clair; St. Clair River Vemco VR2Tx-69 10 (Petromyzon marinus) Chris Holbrook Distribution of adult sea lamprey in the Huron-Erie Corridor USGS Hammond Bay Biological Station GLOS Lake St. Clair; St. Clair River Vemco VR100 2 (Petromyzon marinus) Chris Holbrook Survival and spawning stream selection of sea lamprey in Lake Erie USGS Hammond Bay Biological Station GLOS Lake Erie Vemco VR2W-180 41 (Petromyzon marinus) Darryl Hondorp Lake sturgeon metapopulation dynamics in the Huron-Erie Corridor USGS Great Lakes Science Center GLOS Detroit River; St. Clair River; Lake St. Clair; Lake Huron Vemco VR2W-69 115 (Acipenser fulvescens) Ohio Department of Natural Resources GLOS Lake Erie Vemco VR2W-69 90 (Sander vitreus) Jason Robinson Spatial ecology and migration of adult walleye in the eastern basin of Lake Erie NY State Department of Environmental Conservation GLOS Lake Erie Vemco VR2W-69 16 (Sander vitreus) Travis Brenden Tributary use and large-scale movements of grass carps in Lake Erie Michigan State University GLOS Lake Erie Vemco VR2W-69 8 (Ctenopharyn godon idella) Institution IOOS Regional Association Location Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) GLOS Vemco VR2W-69 Migration and spatial ecology of western Chris basin Lake Erie Vandergoot walleye Associated PI Project Name Matthew Asian Carp Monitoring U. S. Army Chicago Area 49 Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) 21 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Shanks and Rapid Response Corps of Plan for the Engineers Collaborative Aviation Weather Statement (CAWS) Waterway System Matthew Shanks Asian Carp Monitoring U. S. Army and Rapid Response Corps of Plan for the CAWS Engineers Jonah Withers Monitoring habitat use of lake sturgeon in Buffalo Harbor, Lake Erie Nick Mandrak Evaluating the risk of direct movement of fishes through the Welland Canal and St. Fisheries and Marys River Ocean Canada Michael Donofrio Adult lake sturgeon movements and fidelity associated with large rivers of Green Bay, Lake Michigan Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources GLOS Lower Niagara River lake sturgeon and lake trout movement study U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Lower Great Lakes Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office GLOS Dimitry Gorsky GLOS U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service GLOS GLOS Chicago Area Waterway System Vemco VR4 8 Lake Erie Vemco VR2W-69 32 Welland Canal; Lake Ontario Vemco VR2W-69 62 Green Bay; Lake Michigan Vemco VR2W-69 9 (Acipenser fulvescens) 39 (Acipenser fulvescens; Salvelinus namaycush) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) 8 (Acipenser fulvescens) Niagara River; Lake Ontario IOOS Regional Association Location Associated PI Project Name Institution Carl Ruetz Movement and habitat use of adult Grand Valley State University GLOS Muskegon River; Lake Michigan Vemco VR2W-69 Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders Sonotronics SUR-3BT 50 Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) (Acipenser fulvescens) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 and juvenile lake sturgeon in the Muskegon River system, Michigan Steven Cooke A community-level approach to assessing fish movements and habitat restoration in Carleton the Toronto Harbor University Dewayne Fox Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) Dewayne Fox Dewayne Fox Gulf Sturgeon Gulf Sturgeon GLOS Toronto Harbor; Lake Ontario Delaware State University (DESU) GCOOS Choctawhatchee Bay/River DESU Choctawhatchee Bay/River DESU GCOOS Vemco VR2W-69 74 V16-6H VR2-W GCOOS V16-4x 40 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) 30 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) 85 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Dewayne Fox Gulf Sturgeon DESU GCOOS V16-6x 55 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Dewayne Fox Gulf Sturgeon DESU GCOOS V16-5x 68 Gulf Sturgeon - SYNC Tag DESU DE MARACOOS River/Bay/Coast VR2-W 80 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Institution IOOS Regional Association Location Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) 28 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Dewayne Fox Delaware Bay Associated PI Project Name Dewayne Fox Coastal Vessel Protection Solutions (VPS) DESU MARACOOS DE Coast VR2-W 51 Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Dewayne Fox Dewayne Fox Dewayne Fox Dewayne Fox River VPS Atlantic Sturgeon Atlantic Sturgeon Atlantic Sturgeon DESU DESU DESU DESU DE MARACOOS River/Bay/Coast VR2-W MARACOOS V16-4x MARACOOS V16-6x MARACOOS V8-4x 26 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) 44 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) 334 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) 5 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Dewayne Fox Atlantic Sturgeon DESU MARACOOS V9-2x 5 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Dewayne Fox Horseshoe Crab DESU MARACOOS V16-4x 86 (Limulus Polyphemus) Dewayne Fox Sand Tiger Surf Fishing DESU MARACOOS V16-5x 33 (Carcharias Taurus) Dewayne Fox Sand Tiger DESU MARACOOS V16-4x 1 (Carcharias Taurus) Dewayne Fox Sand Tiger DESU MARACOOS V16-6x 210 (Carcharias Taurus) Dewayne Fox Sand Tiger DESU MARACOOS V16P-6x 38 (Carcharias Taurus) Institution IOOS Regional Association Location Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) 101 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Associated Principal Investigator Project Name Dewayne Fox SK Atlantic Sturgeon DESU Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders MARACOOS V16-1x 52 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Dewayne Fox SK Atlantic Sturgeon DESU MARACOOS V16-6x 40 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Dewayne Fox SK Atlantic Sturgeon DESU MARACOOS V16-6x-069k-2 22 (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Dewayne Fox SK Atlantic Sturgeon DESU MARACOOS V16-4x 1 test tag Dewayne Fox SK Atlantic Sturgeon DESU MARACOOS V16-5x 3 test tag Dewayne Fox SK Atlantic Sturgeon DESU MARACOOS V16-6x 13 test tag Spot-5, Mk-10 pilot whales, beaked whales, Tursiops Andy Read DTagging deep diving odontocetes Duke University MARACOOS Cape Hatteras DTags pilot whales, beaked whales Doug Nowacek DTagging NARW Duke University MARACOOS Jacksonville DTags NARW Virginia Aquarium and Marine Science Center MARACOOS Chesapeake Bay VEMCO acoustic receiving array VEMCO acoustic tags, SPLASH-284A, SPOT-5, 9000xSatellite Relay Data Logger (SRDL) Sea Mammal Research Unit tags Loggerhead, green, Kemp's Ridley Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Cascadia Satellite tagging deep Research Robin Baird diving odontocetes Collective Sue Barco Tagging and tracking sea turtles Associated Principal Investigator Project Name Dewayne Fox Hudson River Institution DESU MARACOOS Cape Hatteras IOOS Regional Association Location NERACOOS Hudson River VR2-W 53 Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) 15 (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Hawkes Species Interactions NOAA-NEFSC Penobscot NERACOOS Estuary VR2W-69 V9-6L 30 receivers/ 250 transmitters Atlantic Salmon Goulette Kennebec Telemetry NOAA-NEFSC Kennebec River NERACOOS Estuary VR2W-69 V9-6L 10 receivers/100 transmitters Atlantic Salmon Hawkes Penobscot Hatchery versus Wild NOAA-NEFSC Penobscot NERACOOS Estuary and Bay VR2W-69 V9-6L 100 receivers/600 transmitters Atlantic Salmon Movements of Predators in Hawaiian University of Kim Holland Archipelago Hawaii PacIOOS Hawaiian Islands Vemco VR2 20 (Galeocerdo cuvier) Movements of Predators in Hawaiian University of Kim Holland Archipelago Hawaii PacIOOS Hawaiian Islands Vemco VR3 Wildlife Computers SPOT 20 (Sphyna lewini) Movements of Predators in Hawaiian University of Kim Holland Archipelago Hawaii PacIOOS Hawaiian Islands Vemco VR4 Wildlife Computers SPLASH 20 (Hexacanthus griseus) Movements of Predators in Hawaiian University of Kim Holland Archipelago Hawaii PacIOOS Hawaiian Islands Vemco VR5 Wildlife Computers Mk9 Archival 20 (Thunnus obesus) Movements of Predators in Hawaiian University of Kim Holland Archipelago Hawaii PacIOOS Hawaiian Islands Vemco VR6 Vemco V13, V16, V8 60 (Thunnus albacares) Movements of Predators in Hawaiian University of Kim Holland Archipelago Hawaii PacIOOS Hawaiian Islands Associated PI Institution IOOS Regional Association Location Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) University of Hawaii PacIOOS Project Name Sharks as Kim Holland Oceanographers Main Hawaiian Islands Wildlife Computers "Scout" tags 4 54 (G. cuvier) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Sharks as Kim Holland Oceanographers University of Hawaii Behavior of sharks Kim and tuna around Holland/Jeff drifting Fish Muir Aggregation Devices University of Hawaii, International Seafood Sustainability Foundation Satellite tagging prior to Submarine Commander Course Cascadia (SCC) at Pacific Missile Research Robin Baird Range Facility (PMRF) Collective PacIOOS Main Hawaiian Islands Vemco VR4 (6) Wildlife Computers Land based relay receivers "Scout" tags for satellite tags (2) (G. cuvier) Vemco V13 40 (T obesus, T albacares, Carcharhinus falciformis) PacIOOS Central Pacific PacIOOS Telonics TGA-100 7element antenna, Telonics TSUR-400 uplink receiver connected to a laptop with data recorded To be deployed in using Hawaii, kept in Telonics Uplink Logger Washington v. 1.00. Spot-5, Mk-10 3 receivers, antennas, and computers/ Number of tags in the inventory - TBD Charles LIttnan, Andrew Read Hoike A Maka: Hawaiian monk seal crittercam project Duke University PacIOOS Hawaii N/A Nat Geo Crittercams 4 pinnipeds Charles LIttnan, Andrew Read Hoike A Maka: Hawaiian monk seal crittercam project Duke University PacIOOS Hawaii N/A GSM GPS tags 4 pinnipeds Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) Associated PI Project Name Institution IOOS Regional Association Location 55 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Acoustic telemetry for Anna Kagley juv salmon NOAA NANOOS) Puget Sound, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and San Juan Island Barry Berejikian Steelhead marine survival NANOOS Puget Sound Vemco VR2s and VR3s Vemco V7 40 VR3/ 14 VR2/300 tags (Oncorhynchu s mykiss) Barry Berejikian Seal/steelhead interactions NANOOS Puget Sound Vemco VMT Vemco V7 12/200 (Oncorhynchu s mykiss) Hanson Acoustic detections of marine mammals off the coast of Washington, Oregon and California NWFSC NANOOS Washington to Ecological Acoustic central California Recorders 17 (Primarily Orcinus orca) Hanson Movements of killer whales NWFSC NANOOS SE Alaska to central California SPOT5 10 (Primarily Orcinus orca) NANOOS Oregon Coast, Washington Coast, Puget Sound Tags are purchased on an as-needed basis and no consistent stock available on the shelf. At any given Argos SDR (e.g. time there may be up to Wildlife Computers ~25 tags of various SPLASH/SPOT) configurations in stock. California Central Vemco 69 kHz on Valley and offNOAA National Data shore Pt Reyes Buoy Center Buoy Robert Delong Steller Sea Lions NMFS-AFSC Hayes CV salmon migration/survival studies NOAA NMFS SWFSC NANOOS Institution IOOS Regional Association Location Associated Principal Investigator Project Name - Vemco acoustic - Vemco NA Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders 56 Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) (Onchorynchu s spp. ) Steller sea lion 1 at 47.349 N, 124.708 W Chinook salmon and Steelhead Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Culbertson Lowe Natural Habitat Associations and the Effects of Dredging on Fish at the Canaveral Shoals, east-central Florida BOEM/Navy WNAR fish tagging CSULB SECOORA SCCOOS Cape Canaveral, FL San Onofre, CA 29 receivers, 380 tags 139 Atlantic croaker (Micropogoni as undulatus), 107 spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), 62 red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), 35 finetooth sharks (Carcharhinus isodon) and 41 blacknose sharks (Carcharhinus acronotus) Vemco V9 42 receivers/190 acoustic transmitters (Paralabrax clathratus, Paralabrax nebulifer, Semicossyphu s pulcher) (Triakis semifasciata, Carcharodon carcharias) VEMCO VR2W (VEMCO Division, AMIRIX Systems Inc., Nova Scotia) r VR2Ws Lowe Shark tracking AUVs CSULB SCCOOS Catalina Island, Santa Monica Bay Iver2 AUVs Lotek MM-M-16 2 mobile MAP600/4 stationary WHS 4000 acoustic receivers Lowe Shark tracking AUVs CSULB SCCOOS southern California Vemco V13/V16 28 receivers/14 acoustic transmitters (Carcharodon carcharias) Lowe Shark tracking AUVs CSULB SCCOOS San Gabriel River VR2Ws Vemco V13 17 receivers/15 acoustic transmitters (Chelonia midas) Associated Principal Investigator Project Name Institution IOOS Regional Association Location Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) Common Name (Scientific Name) Lowe CSULB SCCOOS VR2Ws Vemco V13 3 receivers/40 acoustic (Stereolepis Shark tracking AUVs Catalina Island, VR2Ws 57 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Santa Monica Bay Robert Delong Robert Delong California Sea Lions Norther Fur Seals NMFS-AFSC NMFS-AFSC SCCOOS SCCOOS San Miguel, San Nicholas islands, Channel Islands, California San Miguel, San Nicholas islands, Channel Islands, California transmitters NA Tags are purchased on an as-needed basis and no consistent stock available on the shelf. At any given Argos SDR (e.g. time there may be up to Wildlife Computers ~25 tags of various SPLASH/SPOT) configurations in stock. California sea lion NA Tags are purchased on an as-needed basis and no consistent stock available on the shelf. At any given Argos SDR (e.g. time there may be up to Wildlife Computers ~25 tags of various SPLASH/SPOT) configurations in stock. northern fur seal A. Peter Klimley University of California, Davis Vemco VR2W 69kHz 300 Sean Hayes NOAA NMFS SWFSC Vemco VR3 69kHz 15 Sean Hayes NOAA NMFS SWFSC ATS JSATS 50 Ryon Kurth California Department of Water Resources (CDWR) ATS JSATS 8 A. Peter Klimley University of California, Davis ATS JSATS 17 Sean Hayes NOAA NMFS SWFSC Lotek JSATS 40 Associated Principal Investigator Project Name Institution Ryon Kurth CDWR IOOS Regional Association Location gigas) Acoustic Receiver type, arrays, buoys, gliders Lotek JSATS 58 Tag model (including Satellite/Archival/ Acoustic) Number Acoustic Receivers / Number of Tags (Satellite or Archival) 6 Common Name (Scientific Name) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Robert Null USFWS Lotek JSATS 6 Sean Hayes NOAA NMFS SWFSC Teknologic JSATS 20 A. Peter Klimley University of California, Davis Teknologic JSATS 15 59 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Table 3. Summary of the planned animal telemetry tagging projects gathered by the ATN-TT during outreach to researchers currently conducting animal telemetry projects. This table is not a complete inventory of animal telemetry planned tagging activities, but it provides an indicative sampling of the number and types of activities that the ATN-TT took into consideration while completing the ATN Implementation Plan. This table provides principal investigator name, project title, institution, and location and related U.S. IOOS RA. Tag types are listed with planned sample sizes and estimate of deployment dates and durations and target species. Associated Principal Investigator Activity Title IOOS Regional Association Tag Type Acoustic/Satellite Sample /Archival Size Expected Deployment Deployment Common Name Date Duration (Scientific Name) Institution Peter Boveng Aleutian Island Harbor Seal Ecology NMFS Aleutian AFSC/NMML Islands AOOS Satellite 50 Fall 2015, Fall 2016 1 year pinnipeds Tom Gellat Aleutian Island Steller Sea Lion Ecology NMFS AFSC/NMML Aleutian Island AOOS Robert Delong Channel Islands California Sea Lions NMFS Channel AFSC/NMML Islands AOOS Satellite 15 Summer 2015 1 year California sea lion Robert Delong Channel Islands Northern Fur Seals NMFS Channel AFSC/NMML Islands AOOS Satellite 15 Summer 2015 1 year northern fur seal Robert Delong Channel Islands California Sea Lions NMFS Channel AFSC/NMML Islands AOOS Archival 15 Summer 2015 1 year California sea lion Robert Delong Channel Islands Northern Fur Seals NMFS Channel AFSC/NMML Islands AOOS Archival 15 Summer 2015 1 year northern fur seal Tom Gellat Northern Fur Seal Ecology NMFS AFSC/NMML AOOS Satellite 15 Summer 2015 6 months Associated PI Activity Title Institution IOOS Regional Association Tag Type Sample Acoustic/Satellite Size Location Location 60 Deployment Expected Common Name Date Deployment (Scientific Name) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 /Archival Duration Tom Gellat Northern Fur Seal Ecology NMFS AFSC/NMML AOOS Archival 15 Summer 2015 London Argos locations NMFS AFSC/NMML Bering Sea AOOS Satellite 50 2016-2017 ribbon, spotted seal Steve Lindley, Phaedra Doukakis Halibut Fishing grounds Estimating the survival accessible of incidentally captured from San sub-adult green Francisco and sturgeon in the UCSC, NOAA Half Moon Bay California halibut fishery NMFS, CDFW Harbors CeNCOOS Satellite ~55 May-August 2015,2016 30 days (Acipenser medirostris) Sean Hayes Salmonid movement and survival NOAA NMFS SWFSC California CeNCOOS Acoustic 800 2/1/2016 (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 800 2016-2017 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 800 2016-2017 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 900 2016-2017 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 300 2016-2017 Chinook salmon Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 300 2016-2017 Chinook salmon Institution IOOS Regional Association Tag Type Acoustic/Satellite Sample /Archival Size Associated PI Activity Title Location 61 3 months Expected Deployment Deployment Common Name Date Duration (Scientific Name) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 120 2016-2017 striped bass Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 100 2016-2017 largemouth bass Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 50 2016-2017 channel catfish Hayes Acoustic tagged fish detections NOAA NMFS SWFSC Central Valley CeNCOOS Acoustic 50 2016-2017 white catfish Understanding dam removal impacts on a formerly prolific Great Christopher Lake’s walleye Vandergoot population Ohio Department of Natural Resources Sandusky, OH GLOS Acoustic 100 4/15/2015 4 years (Sander vitreus) Identifying migration patterns and spatial ecology of a reef spawning stock of Christopher walleye in the western Vandergoot basin of Lake Erie Ohio Department of Natural Resources Sandusky, OH GLOS Acoustic 50 4/15/2015 4 years (Sander vitreus) New York State Department of Environment al Conservation Dunkirk, NY GLOS Acoustic 420 6/1/2015 4 years (Sander vitreus) IOOS Regional Association Tag Type Acoustic/Satellite Sample /Archival Size Expected Deployment Deployment Common Name Date Duration (Scientific Name) Acoustic 11/1/2015 Jason Robinson Spatial ecology and migration of adult walleye in the eastern basin of Lake Erie Associated PI Activity Title Institution Location Chris Testing assumptions USGS Millersburg, MI GLOS 62 400 3 years (Petromyzon Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Holbrook required to estimate lake-wide parasitic sea lamprey abundance Hammond Bay Biological Station Dan Engelhaupt Satellite tagging humpbacks in the MidAtlantic HDR Inc. Hawkes Species Interactions Goulette Kennebec Telemetry Sharks as Kim Holland Oceanographers marinus) Virginia Beach,VA MARACOOS Satellite Penobscot NOAA-NEFSC Estuary NERACOOS Acoustic 150 2015 May-August Kennebec NOAA-NEFSC Estuary NERACOOS Acoustic 50 May - June May - August Atlantic Salmon Satellite 20 (estimated) 2015 -2016 12 months (G. cuvier) (Onchorhynchus spp.) Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology/ University of Hawaii Main Hawaiian (HIMB/UH) Islands PacIOOS Humpbacks Atlantic Salmon Acoustic tagging of Anna Kagley Juvenile salmon NOAA Puget Sound, Strait of Juan de Fuca San Juan Island NANOOS Acoustic Vemco v7 and larger none pending none pending Barry Berejikian Acoustic tagging steelhead NOAA/NWFS C Puget Sound NANOOS Acoustic 200 currently deployed (Oncorhynchus through 2018 mykiss) Hanson Acoustic detections of marine mammals off the coast of WA, OR, CA NWFSC Washington to central California NANOOS Acoustic 17 2015 1 year (Primarily Orcinus orca) Hanson Movements of killer whales Southeast Alaska to central CA NANOOS Satellite 3 2015-2016 30 days (Primarily Orcinus orca) Location IOOS Regional Association Tag Type Acoustic/Satellite Sample /Archival Size Associated PI Activity Title NWFSC Institution 63 Expected Deployment Deployment Common Name Date Duration (Scientific Name) Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Bonneville Dam BiOp Survival Study Pacific Northwest National Lab for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)Portland Bonneville District Dam NANOOS Acoustic 5500 4/25/2016 6/9/2016 (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Bonneville Dam BiOp Survival Study Pacific Northwest National Lab for USACEPortland Bonneville District Dam NANOOS Acoustic 5500 4/25/2016 6/9/2016 (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Mark Weiland Bonneville Dam BiOp Survival Study Pacific Northwest National Lab for USACEPortland Bonneville District Dam NANOOS Acoustic 5500 6/10/2016 8/4/2016 (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Lowe Movements of flatfishes around a waste treatment outfall CSULB Huntington Beach SCCOOS Acoustic 100 2/1/2016 2 years (Pleuronichthys verticalis, Parophrys vetulus) Lowe Juvenile white shark tracking southern California SCCOOS Acoustic 20 6/1/2016 10 years (Carcharodon carcharias) Mark Weiland Mark Weiland CSULB 64 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 25 20 15 turtle 10 shark 5 pinniped 0 fish cetacean Figure 1. Summary of the assets identified by survey participants broken down by U.S. IOOS region (See Tables 1-3 for further detail). This information is not a comprehensive summary of the total number of ATN data, assets, or planned activities, but provides a sampling based on the ATN-TT survey of task team members and associated institutions. 25 20 15 turtle 10 shark 5 pinniped 0 fish cetacean Figure 2. Summary of the data identified by survey participants broken down by U.S. IOOS region (See Tables 1-3 for further detail). This information is not a comprehensive summary of the total number of ATN data, assets, or planned activities, but provides a sampling based on the ATN-TT survey of task team members and associated institutions. 15 10 shark 5 pinniped 0 fish cetacean Figure 3. Summary of the planned ATN programs identified by survey participants broken down by U.S. IOOS region (See Tables 1-3 for further detail). This information is not a comprehensive summary of the total number of ATN data, assets, or planned activities, but provides a sampling based on the ATN-TT survey of task team members and associated institutions. 77 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Real-time Monitoring Marine resource (fisheries) management / Protected species management Improve Ocean models/forecasting Effects of Disturbance Critical habitat/habitat use Figure 4. Summary of the assets by driver broken down by U.S. IOOS region (See Tables 1-3 for further detail). This information is not a comprehensive summary of the total number of ATN data, assets, or planned activities, but provides a sampling based on the ATN-TT survey of task team members and associated institutions. 40 Real-time Monitoring 30 Marine resource (fisheries) management / Protected species management Improve Ocean models/forecasting 20 10 0 Effects of Disturbance Critical habitat/habitat use Figure 5. Summary of the data by driver broken down by U.S. IOOS region (See Tables 1-3 for further detail). This information is not a comprehensive summary of the total number of ATN data, assets, or planned activities, but provides a sampling based on the ATN-TT survey of task team members and associated institutions. 20 Real-time Monitoring 15 10 Marine resource (fisheries) management / Protected species management 5 0 Improve Ocean models/forecasting Effects of Disturbance Figure 6. Summary of the planned ATN programs by driver broken down by U.S. IOOS region (See Tables 1-3 for further detail). This information is not a comprehensive summary of the total number of ATN data, assets, or planned activities, but provides a sampling based on the ATN-TT survey of task team members and associated institutions. 78 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 100% Real-time Monitoring 90% 80% Marine resource (fisheries) management / Protected species management 70% 60% Improve Ocean models/forecasting 50% 40% Effects of Disturbance 30% 20% Critical habitat/habitat use 10% 0% cetacean fish pinniped shark turtle Figure 7. Summary of scientific drivers identified by survey participants, broken down and normalized by general species categories. 79 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 References 1. Moustahfid, H., Weise, M., Simmons, S., Block, B., Holland, K., Ault, J., ... & Wilson, D. (2014). Meeting our nation’s needs for biological and environmental monitoring: Strategic Plan and Recommendations for a National Animal Telemetry Network (ATN) through US IOOS. 2. Taylor, N. G., McAllister, M. K., Lawson, G. L., Carruthers, T., & Block, B. A. (2011). Atlantic bluefin tuna: a novel multi-stock spatial model for assessing population biomass. PLoS One, 6(12), e27693. 3. Lindley, S. T., Moser, M. L., Erickson, D. L., Belchik, M., Welch, D. W., Rechisky, E. L., ... & Klimley, A. P. (2008). Marine migration of North American green sturgeon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 137(1), 182-194. 4. Michel, C. J., Ammann, A. J., Lindley, S. T., Sandstrom, P. T., Chapman, E. D., Thomas, M. J., ... & MacFarlane, R. B. (2015). Chinook salmon outmigration survival in wet and dry years in California's Sacramento River. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 5. Perry, R. W., Brandes, P. L., Burau, J. R., Klimley, A. P., MacFarlane, B., Michel, C., & Skalski, J. R. 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Fisheries 38:210–216. 81 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 Abbreviations AOOS Alaska Ocean Observing System ATN Animal Telemetry Network ATN DAC Animal Telemetry Network Data Assembly Center ATN-TT Animal Telemetry Network Task Team AUV Autonomous Underwater Vehicles BOEM Bureau of Ocean Management CeNCOOS Central and Northern California Ocean Observing System CEQ Council on Environmental Quality cm centimeter COL Consortium for Ocean Leadership CSULB California State University, Long Beach EOP Executive Office of the President GLATOS Great Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System GCOOS Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System GLOS Great Lakes Observing System GSM Global System for Mobile GPS Global Positioning System GTS Global Telecommunications System Hydra Pacific Northwest Sound Data Management Project ICOOS Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observation IOOC Interagency Ocean Observation Committee Khz Kilohertz Km Kilometer m Meter M Million MARACOOS Mid-Atlantic Regional Association Coastal Ocean Observing System MATOS Mid-Atlantic Acoustic Telemetry Observation System mS Millisiemens NANOOS Pacific Northwest Ocean Observing System NC Network Coordinator NCEI NOAA National Center of Environmental Information 82 Animal Telemetry Network Implementation Plan 2016-2021 NCEP NOAA National Center for Environmental Prediction NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NERACOOS Northeastern Regional Association of Coastal and Ocean Observing System NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association NOC National Ocean Council NSF National Science Foundation NSTC National Science and Technology Council NOPP National Oceanographic Partnership Program O&M Operations and Maintenance OSTP Office of Science and Technology Policy OTN Ocean Tracking Network PACIOOS Pacific Coast Ocean Observing System QA/QC Quality Assurance/Quality Control R&D Research and Development SCCOOS Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing System SECOORA Southeast Coastal Ocean Observing Regional Association SG Steering Group SOST Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology STEM Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math TOPP Tagging of Pelagic Predators URL Uniform Resource Locator USGS United States Geological Survey U.S. IOOS DMAC IOOS Data Management and Communications U.S. IOOS Integrated Ocean Observing System U.S. IOOS PO IOOS Program Office U.S. IOOS RA IOOS Regional Association 3D Three dimensional 83
