Download The Nervous System and Control of Movement

The Nervous System and
Control of Movement
PSE4U
MR. MACMILLAN
Two Components of the Nervous System
 Two major components that each play a distinctive
role, but are interconnected and work together

The Central Nervous System


Brain and Spinal Cord
Peripheral Nervous System

Bodily functions
The Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System
 Divided into two parts:
 The Brain

The Spinal Cord
The Brain
 Cerebrum
 Largest part of the part, containing the nerve centres that
control sensory and motor
 Cerebellum
 Main function to coordinate muscle movement and control
balance
 Brain Stem
 Links the cerebrum with the spinal cord
 Autonomic functions, postural control, muscle tone and eye
movements
The Brain
 Diencephalon
 Consists of thalamus and hypothalamus
 Thalamus - Controls awareness of pain, focusing attention
 Hypothalamus – body temperature, appetite, emotions
 Limbic System
 Regulate hunger, aggression, emotional drives
 Reticular activating system
 Network of neurons
 Directs information to appropriate places for interpretation
Peripheral Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
 Consist of parts of the nervous system that sit
outside central nervous system
 The PNS can be thought of as a massive road
network carrying traffic in and out of the CNS
 Includes 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of
spinal nerves
Peripheral Nervous System
 Motor Nerves (efferent nerves) carry information
from the CNS to the body’s organs
 Sensory nerves (afferent nerves) carry information
from sensory receptors to the CNS
 The PNS contains both the autonomic and somatic
components.
The Autonomic Nervous System
 Involuntary contractions of cardiac muscles and the
smooth muscles of internal organs are regulated by
the ANS
 This subsystem is comprised of two branches:


The sympathetic system
The parasympathetic system
Sympathetic System
 Causes localized bodily adjustments to occur
 Sweating, cardiovascular changes
 Prepares the body for emergencies, releasing
adrenaline from the adrenal gland

“flight or fight” response
Parasympathetic System
 Helps return the body to normal after it has been
altered by the sympathetic NS

Decreases HR, constricts blood vessels etc.
Somatic Nervous System
 Contains both afferent and efferent nerves
 The somatic system handles the muscles in our
extremities

Page 97 - Figure 6.2 in textbook
Rick Hansen
 Page 98 : Man in Motion “Anything is Possible”