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“The World We Create”
NATS 101
Section 6
4/13/10
Welcome to class!
Projects due today
Please have a blank sheet of paper and
pencil ready for today’s lesson.
UNIT 4:
A world of drugs, a
blessing or a curse?
TODAY’S GOAL:
Understand what a drug is and how drugs work.
Your Ideas
• A word will appear on the center of the
page;
• You will have 5 seconds to write down the
first thing you think of.
Word:
• Save that!
Drug
So, what is a drug?
• What do you think?
• On the same piece of paper, write your
definition;
• Share with your group members and
choose the best of the group.
You have 5 minutes
Definition
Drug:
A substance other than food intended
to affect the structure or function of the
body.
Name ‘em!
• Each person – You have 20 seconds to
list as many drugs as you know.
• Combine the lists, crossing out
duplicates to form a new list.
• In your groups – organize the new list
into at least 3 different categories.
How did you classify your drugs?
Our Government Chooses…
1. OTC (Over the counter) – drugs
which may be purchased with
minimal restrictions.
2. Prescription – drugs which require a
written note from a licensed health
care professional.
3. Recreational – drugs which are used
without medical justification and
often for their psychoactive qualities.
How do drugs work?
Our cells interact
with substances
in our body via
“RECEPTORS”.
Receptor – a
protein which
acts as a lock
on a cell.
How do drugs work?
Signals bind to
receptors to alter
the function of a
specific cell.
Signal – a
hormone or other
natural substance
which acts as the
key to that
receptor.
How do drugs work?
Drugs mimic the
signals in our
bodies, or the body
of a pathogen, to
lock, unlock, or
change the
receptors to a cell
for a specific
function.
Signal
Drug
OTC – How does it work?
• Ibuprofen (DRUG)
• NSAIDs – non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• Used for reduction of: Fever, Pain, Inflammation.
COX – 2 = Receptor
pain activators =
signal
Drug mimics
SIGNAL
Ibuprofen
INHIBITS
COX – 2
Result:
Pain is
reduced
Muscles do
not swell
Prescription Drugs:
How does it work?
Paxil:
Antidepressant
Serotonin =
Signal
(Regulates Mood,
Appetite, Sleep)
Prescription Drugs:
How does it work?
Paxil:
Antidepressant
Drug:
Inhibits the reuptake of serotonin,
increasing its
concentration and
effects.
Recreational drugs:
how does it work?
• Nicotine: Psychoactive effects;
• Used to induce feelings of: Relaxation, Sharpness,
Calmeness, Alertness, Loss of appetite.
Acetylcholine = Signal
(Controls release of a variety of chemicals in the brain)
Drug 
Mimics the
Signal
Back to the ‘d’ word!
**What was the first thing you wrote down after
seeing the mystery word?**
Was your overall impression of the word ‘drug’ positive
or negative? Why do you think so?
• Take a few minutes to discuss in your groups
how your image of the word ‘drug’ applies to
one or more of the following categories:
–
–
–
–
–
Social
Political
Economical
Religious
Health
Drug abuse
vs.
Drug addiction
WHAT IS IT?
Abuse or Addiction?
1. Jessica is a 23 year old graduate who
takes 45 mg of Adderall every day,
because she feels it makes her focus
better (not prescribed by a doctor).
Recently, she has suffered from
irregular heartbeat and hostility
outbursts.
is this drug abuse or drug addiction?
Addiction!
Why?
Abuse or Addiction?
2. Sam, is a college student that takes
150 mg of Adderall whenever he has an
exam although the recommended dose
by his doctor was 25 mg for his ADHD
treatment.
is this drug abuse or drug addiction?
Abuse!
Why?
Drug Abuse
Definition:
The use of illegal drugs or the
inappropriate use of legal drugs.
The repeated use of drugs to produce
pleasure, to alleviate stress, or to alter
or avoid reality (or all three).
Drug Addiction
Definition:
A pathological or abnormal condition
which arises due to frequent use of a
drug. The disorder of addiction involves
the continued compulsive use of drugs
in spite of adverse health or social
consequences.
Abuse vs. Addiction
The Four C’s of Addiction:
1. Loss of Control;
2. Compulsive drug use;
3. Cravings for drug;
4. Continued use despite
negative consequences.
Abuse or Addiction?
3. Molly calls her friend terrified because she
thinks that she sees spiders crawling under the
wallpaper. She tells her friend that there are
thousands of them and they are trying to break
through so they can attack her. She tells her
friend that she has taken a drug. Her friend knows
that Molly often takes this drug. She usually
experiences no negative consequences from
taking the drug on a regular basis. She had never
had to be hospitalized for the side effects of the
drug that she takes. After the effects of the drug
wear off she is fine and back to her normal self.
Abuse Addiction?
Drug abuse and drug addiction can be
thought of as points along a continuum:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Abstinence
Experimentation
Social/Recreational
Habituation
Abuse
Addiction
Molly
Tolerance
What do you know about
tolerance to drugs?
Explain in your own words what
tolerance is.
Take a 2 minutes to discuss this topic
with your group members.
Tolerance
Definition:
Condition that may follow repeated
ingestion of a drug in so that the effect
produced by the original dose no
longer occurs.
Activity time!
• Your TA will divide each group into two equal
halves.
• This is going to be a competition to see who
can last the longest in a game of risk.
• You have 15 minutes to continue to the end
of the game.
Activity
What did this activity have to do with the
topic of drugs?
The different rounds represented your
increased tolerance for a drug, and the
associated increase in risk-taking. High
tolerance can easily lead to overdoses,
especially of illicit drugs.
Wrap up
•
•
•
•
What's a drug?
What are three categories of drugs?
What is tolerance?
What is the difference between
addiction and abuse?
• Are drugs a good or bad thing?