Download Cancer Immunotherapy

Cancer Immunotherapy
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Manipulation of co-stimulatory signals
Enhancement of APC activity
Cytokine therapy
Monoclonal antibody therapy
Co-stimulatory signals
• Possibility of transfecting irradiated (inactivated)
tumor cells with B7 co-stim genes
– Perhaps a similar vaccine may prevent metastasis after
surgical removal of tumors
Also, melanoma
antigens shared by a
number of different
tumors
Enhancement of APC activity
• Transfect tumor cells with
gene encoding GM-CSF 
reinfuse to patient to
stimulate DC’s to enhance
Ag presentation to TH’s and
Tc’s
• Or culture patient DC’s w/
GM-CSF, TNF-a, and IL-4
 expand DC population
• Or use adjuvants of (Mb,
Cp) to stimulate MØ to
better activate TH cells???
Cytokine therapies
• From cloned genes for various cytokines
(IFN’s, TNF’s, etc.)….still a work in progress
• IFN’s – daily injections of IFN-a – partial/complete tumor
regression
All 3 types of IFN >MHC I on tumor cells; >CTL response
All 3 appear to inhibit cell division in tumor cells
IFN-y stim activity of Tc’s, MØ, and NK cells
Cytokine therapies (cont’d)
• TNF’s – both TNF-a/B show direct effects
on tumor cells, while sparing normal cells
– TNF-a shows anti-angiogenic affects to tumors
• ↓blood flow and oxygen
Monoclonal antibodies