Download Vitamin and Mineral Supplements

Vitamin and Mineral
Supplements
Proposed Benefit (s)
Side effects, other
issues
Allow consumer to meet
nutritional demands; no
evidence that exercise
improves with
supplementation
Megadoses of some can
be harmful
Costly!
Best to eat balanced
diet and get naturally
occurring v and m
Proposed benefit(s)
Side effects or other issue
Used by athletes desiring increased
Costly
muscle mass, strength, power
Most people can get enough protein
Debate as to whether they are effective through diet; excess protein may be a
waste
Possibly digestive issues, kidney
problems with too much protein
Protein and Amino Acids
Proposed benefit(s)
Side effects or other issue
-produced naturally, and found within
skeletal muscle
– helps produce ATP/Energy rapidly
- therefore, useful for short-term, high
intensity bursts of activity
(ie. powerlifting, wrestling and
sprinting)
possible side effects: stomach pain,
nausea, diarrhea and muscle cramps.
- high doses of creatine may be
associated with kidney, liver or heart
problems
-there is a limit to the amount of
Creatine that can be stored excess is
excreted.
VIDEO LINK
Creatine
Proposed benefit(s)
Side effects or other issue
- stimulant that is found in tea, coffee, - acts as a diuretic, therefore potential
colas, chocolate
for dehydration.
- increases alertness, and possibly
helps to utilize fat stores during long
duration exercise
Caffeine
Proposed benefit(s)
Side effects or other issue
- advertised as a product that promotes - one of the main ingredients is
the loss of fat/weight through
Caffeine (stimulant) and formerly
increased metabolic rate
Ephedrine (now illegal to be sold with
that ingredient). Possible side effects
include: increase in B.Pressure, Heart
Rate, restlessness, loss of appetite.
VIDEO CLIP
Hydroxycut (“fat burners”)
Proposed benefit(s)
Side effects or other issue
- help to decrease amino acid
breakdown, increase protein synthesis
and increase lean body mass
- therefore, commonly used by
athletes in strength/power sports
- illegal and banned by most sports
POTENTIAL harmful side effects
include:
-- liver damage, erectile dysfunction,
and impotence; Gynecomastia (growth
of the breasts); atrophy of the testicles;
increase in aggressiveness
-- high blood pressure
- cardiovascular & kidney problems
- stunted growth
- Virilization (Development of male
characteristics in women)
Anabolic Steroids
- produced naturally in the body
- Anabolic effect on various tissues -muscle, skeleton (increase in height)
- synthetic versions of HGH are used
by some athletes to replicate/increase
these anabolic effects
- nerve, muscle, joint pain
- risk of diabetes
- may be linked to certain cancers
-illegal in most sports
Human Growth Hormone
- natural protein hormone, produced in
kidneys
- causes an increase in Hemoglobin,
improves the oxygen-carrying
capacity of blood, and is
therefore beneficial to endurance
athletes
difficult to test for (since it's a
naturally occurring hormone)
- side effects may include high blood
pressure, headaches, nausea
Erythropoietin (EPO)
- involves the intravenous
administration of blood, RBC's, and
related blood products
- used to increase the bloods oxygen
carrying capacity, and enhance
performance in aerobic/endurance
activities
Blood Doping
- banned by sport governing bodies
- difficult to detect (b/c hemoglobin
levels are only slightly altered)
-this method is being replaced by the
use of EPO
Banned by most sports
-