Download Stress Testing: Chapter 19 Worksheet B

Stress Testing: Chapter 19 Worksheet B
1. Arrhythmias for which there should be no debate about stopping the test include ___ _________ __________ or
________ ________ _________ and ventricular tachycardia of any duration.
2. ___________ and ___________are the most common cardiopulmonary symptoms elicited during exercise.
3. Assessment of symptoms and perception of effort during the exercise test are important to _____________
safety.
4. Patients should be encouraged to exercise as long as possible but they should not be pushed beyond their
____________ and any request to stop the test should be ___________.
5. ST segment changes 2 – 4 minutes into recovery are now known to be particularly important for the detection of
____________.
6. An _______ ____________ __________ consists of walking on the treadmill at a speed of 1.5 to 2.0 mph or
continuing to pedal the cycle ergometer slowly at a work rate ranging from 0 to 25 W.
7. During recovery period, blood pressure, the electrocardiogram, and symptoms should be monitored and
recorded at __ ___________ _____________ for the duration of the recovery period.
8. Patients should be told they may experience fatigue and muscle soreness and to avoid any ___________
____________ the day of the exercise testing.
9. All diagnostic tests _______________ patients a certain percentage of the time.
10. _______________ is the percentage of times a test correctly identifies those with CAD.
11. ______________ is the percentage of times a test correctly identifies those without cardiovascular disease.
12. The ____________ __________ of an abnormal test (positive predictive value) is the percentage of people with
an abnormal test result who have disease.
13. The ___________ ________________ value is the percentage of people with a normal test result who do not
have disease.
14. A _______________ ______________ is defined as an abnormal exercise test response in a person without
significant heart disease and causes the specificity to be decreased.
15. A ____________________ _______________occurs when the test is normal in a person with disease and
causes the sensitivity of the test to be reduced.
16. In people in whom the probability of a false-positive or false-negative test is high, an ___________________
____________________ (exercise or pharmacologic echocardiogram or radionuclide test) may be appropriate.
Stress Testing: Chapter 19 Worksheet B
17. The most commonly used technique to evaluate myocardial perfusion is the application of the
_______________ __________ ______.
18. _________________ ________________ with technetium-99m sestamibi permits higher dosing with less
radiation exposure resulting in improved images that are sharper and have less artifact and attenuation.
19. Perfusion defects that are present during exercise and persist at rest _____________ _____________ MI or
scar.
20. ____________ ____________ of the coronary anatomy has been shown to be somewhat more sensitive and
specific than the exercise electrocardiogram for detecting CAD.
21. ________________ function is commonly evaluated with the use of the radioisotope technetium-99m.
22. ________________ imagining of the heart is being increasingly used during exercise and pharmacologic stress
testing.
23. Two types of pharmacologic stress agents have been used; those that increase coronary blood flow through
coronary _________________ and those that increase myocardial oxygen demand by increasing _________
_________.
24. The direct measurement of V02 has been shown to be more ______________ and _______________ than
estimated values from treadmill or cycle ergometer work rate.
25. Exercise induced ST segment depression is less ______________ among women as compared to men
26. The accuracy for diagnosing CAD in ____________ has been shown to be improved by the use of multivariate
methods.
27. Despite several problems posed by ______________ subjects that require additional attention, exercise testing
is not contraindicated in this group.
28. The exercise test in patients who have undergone cardiac ___________________ is less a diagnostic and more a
functional tool.
29. Exercise testing is increasingly being supervised by _________________________.
30. Exercise test has been shown to be of value for estimating prognosis in patients with a wide range of severity of
________________________ ______________.