Download Genomics of Abiotic Stress Resistance in Wild and Cultivated

Genomics of Abiotic Stress Resistance
in Wild and Cultivated Sunflowers
Investigators*
Loren Rieseberg
John Burke
Lisa Donovan
Emily Marden
Brent Hulke
Institution
U. British Columbia
U. Georgia
U. Georgia
U. British Columbia
USDA ARS Fargo
*present at Face-to-Face meeting
Expertise
Genomics
Genomics
Ecophysiology
IP, Policy, & Regulation
Molecular Breeding
The Challenge
Cultivated Sunflower
•Globally important – seed
production valued at $20 billion
US
•Hybrid seed valued at $1 billion
US, second only to maize
•Canada produces ~125,000
tonnes of sunflower seeds yearly
•Production expected to expand
with climate change
•Priority food security crop
•Excellent genomic resources due
to previous investment by
Genome Canada
Collaborator & End User - Walter Anyanga
Wild Sunflowers
Numerous wild extremophile
sunflowers cross-compatible
with cultivated sunflower
Salt & drought
tolerant sunflower
Drought tolerant
sunflower
Flooding & salt tolerant
sunflower
Low-nutrient
tolerant sunflower
Major Goals
(1) Exploit sunflower crop-wild diversity to identify alleles
that confer tolerance to drought, salt, low nutrient, and
flooding stress, but with minimal yield trade-offs;
(2) Create germplasm resources to efficiently deliver these
alleles to end users (sunflower breeders);
(3) Enable development and use of resistant, high-yielding
cultivars that increase productivity of marginal lands in
Canada and elsewhere.
Alignment with RFA
Project addresses following focal topics of RFA (p. 5):
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meeting the caloric demands of population growth;
improving crop health;
adapting crops to climate change; and
lessening their footprint on the environment.
Drought tolerant line in Uganda
Sunflower oil in Serere, Uganda
Project Overview
Crop Germplasm (Activity 1)
• GWAS of drought, salt, flood, nutrient stress
- HTP + traditional phenotyping
• Mechanistic analyses of stress resistance
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Wild Relatives (Activity 2)
• Population genomics of stress resistance
- Range-wide sampling of extremophile species
- Environmental data (climate, soil, water)
Crop + Wild (Activities 3-6)
Development & characterization of MAGIC populations (Activity3)
Functional analyses of candidate genes (Activity 4)
GE3LS – Develop crop yield models (Activity 5)
GE3LS – Explore how international treaties impact germplasm use (Activity 6)
Anticipated Scientific Outcomes and Deliverables
Scientific Outcomes:
• System level understanding of abiotic stress resistance
• Validation of candidate genes, potential extension to other oilseeds
Deliverables:
• "Next generation” germplasm resources
• Central data mining and analysis resource
• Models for predicting yields of resistant sunflower cultivars across Canada
• Strategic recommendations for mitigating barriers to R&D caused by treaties
Project Team
BIOINFORMATICS
Burke (U. Georgia)
Kubach (SAP AG)
Rieseberg (UBC
Yeaman (U. Calgary)
GERMPLASM &
BREEDING
GENOMICS &
PHYSIOLOGY
Burke (U. Georgia)
Donovan (U. Georgia)
Hulke (USDA)
Langlade (INRA)
Parrott (U. Georgia)
Rieseberg (UBC)
Yeaman (USDA)
GEL3S
Marden (UBC)
Ramankutty (UBC)
Anyanga (NaSARRI)
Conque, (Biogemma)
Gerdes (NuSeed)
Hulke (USDA)
Marek (USDA)
May (AgCanada)
Wieckhorst (KWS)
Xiao (Dow)
Zambelli (Advanta)
HIGH-THROUGHPUT PHENOTYPING
Andrade-Sanchez (U. Arizona)
Bali (DREC)
Langlade (INRA)
Benefits to Canada & Developing World
Project years 2-4
Sunflower
Breeding
Programs
Within 5 years
Next Generation
Germplasm
Enhanced
Molecular Breeding
Environmentally
Resilient Cultivars
in Field
Improved crop
health
Data Mining Tools
Crop Yield Models
GE3LS
Gene
Editing
Training of HQP
Strategies for
Reducing Barriers
to Ag Innovation
Mutations
Introduced into
Soybean
Increased
food security
Greater Clarity on
Application of
Treaty
Increased Efficacy of
Resistance Alleles
HQP from Project
enter Workplace
Adaptation to
climate change
Reduced
environmental
impacts
Sunflower, a global oil seed
•Globally important – seed production
valued at $20 billion US
•Priority food security crop
•Excellent genomic resources due to
previous investment by Genome Canada