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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
E X P E RT S Y S T E M S
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
 What Is Artificial Intelligence ?
 What Is Expert Systems ?
 How Do Expert Systems Work?
 What Are the Applications ?
 What Is the Future Of Expert System ?
WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ?
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines
and the branch of computer science.
John McCarthy (September 4, 1927 – October 24, 2011)
was an American computer scientist. He invented the
term “Artificial Intelligence" (AI) and he defines it as
‘’The Science and Engineering of making intelligent
machines ‘’
WHAT IS EXPERT SYSTEMS ?
Expert System is an Artificial intelligence based system
that converts the knowledge of an expert in a specific
subject into a software code.
Expert Systems are designed to solve complex problems
by reasoning about knowledge, like an expert, and not
by following the procedure of a developer as is the case
in conventional programming.
WHAT IS EXPERT SYSTEMS ?
 The first Expert Systems were created in the
1970s and then upgraded in the 1980s.
Expert Systems were among the first truly
successful forms of AI software.
HOW DO EXPERT SYSTEMS WORK ?
An expert system is made up of three parts:
1. A user interface :
This is the system that allows a non-expert user to query
(question) the expert system, and to receive advice.
2. A knowledge base :
This is a collection of facts and rules. The knowledge
base is created from information provided by human
experts.
HOW DO EXPERT SYSTEMS WORK ?
3. An inference engine :
This acts rather like a search engine, examining the
knowledge base for information that matches the user's
query.
WHAT ARE THE APPLICATIONS ?
Expert Systems are usually used in:
Medical Diagnoses;
Playing Strategy Game like Chess Against
PC;
Financial Advice whether to invest in a
business or not..;
WHAT ARE THE APPLICATIONS ?
Medical Diagnosis :
The knowledge base would contain medical
information, the symptoms of the patient
would be used as the query, and the advice
would be a diagnose of the patient’s illness.
WHAT ARE THE APPLICATIONS ?
Playing Chess :
Playing strategy games like chess against a
computer , the knowledge base would contain
strategies and moves, the player's moves
would be used as the query, and the output
would be the computer's “Expert” moves.
WHAT ARE THE APPLICATIONS ?
Providing financial Advice :
Whether to invest in a business, etc. The
knowledge base would contain data about the
performance of financial markets and
businesses in the past.
WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF EXPERT SYSTEM ?
In the next 10 years technologies in narrow fields such
as speech recognition will continue to improve and
will reach human levels. In 10 years AI will be able to
communicate with humans in unstructured English
using text or voice.
WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF EXPERT SYSTEM ?
We will recreate some parts of the human
(animal) brain in silicon. The feasibility of
this is demonstrated by tentative
hippocampus experiments in rats . There are
two major projects aiming for human brain
simulation, CCortex and IBM Blue Brain.
WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF EXPERT SYSTEM ?
There will be an increasing number of practical
applications based on digitally recreated
aspects human intelligence, such as cognition,
perception, rehearsal learning, or learning by
repetitive practice.