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Name: ______________________ Vocabulary Notebook Mesopotamia & The Fertile Crescent Chapters 3 KIM Vocabulary Due Monday- September 30, 2013 Term 1. Fertile Crescent 2. Silt 3. Irrigation Definition an area of rich farmland in Southwest Asia where the first civilizations began a mixture of fertile soil and tiny rocks that can make land ideal for farming a way of supplying water to an area of land 4. Canals human-made waterways 5. Surplus more of something than is needed 6. Division of Labor an arrangement in which each worker specializes in a particular task or job Illustration Sentence (must use the term within) Underline your term! . 7. Rural a countryside area 8. Urban a city area 9. City-State a political unit consisting of a city and its surrounding countryside 10. Empire land with different territories and peoples under a single rule 11. Polytheism the worship of many gods 12. Priest a person who performs religious ceremonies 13. Social Hierarchy the division of society by rank or class 14. Cuneiform the world’s first system of writing; developed in Sumer 15. Pictographs a picture symbol 16. Scribe a writer 17. Epics long poems that tell the stories of heroes 18. Architecture the science of building 19. Ziggurat a pyramid-shaped temple in Sumer 20. Monarch a ruler of a kingdom or empire 21. Hammurabi’s Code a set of 282 laws governing daily life in Babylon; the earliest known collection of written laws 22. Chariot a wheeled, horse-drawn cart used in battle 23. Alphabet a set of letters that can be combined to form words 24. Gilgamesh (c. 3000 BC) King of Uruk, a citystate in Sumer, he became a legendary figure in Sumerian literature. the most famous Chaldean king, rebuilt Babylon into a beautiful city. According to legend, his grand palace featured the famous Hanging Gardens. The Chaldeans revived Sumerian culture and made notable advances in astronomy and mathematics. Ruled 2334–2279 BC According to legend, a gardener found a baby floating in a basket on a river and raised him as his own child. This baby later became the Akkadian emperor Sargon. As a young man, Sargon served Ur-Zababa, the king of Kish. Sargon later rebelled against the Sumerian ruler, took over his city, and built Akkad into a military power. He was among the first military leaders to use soldiers armed with bows and arrows. Sargon gained the loyalty of his soldiers by eating with them every day. 25. Nebuchadnezzar (nebuh-kuhd-NEZ-uhr), 26. Sargon