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Updated: 6 September 2016 ANTH 5020 Fall 2016 Wednesday 6.30 - 9.15 PM Classroom: NAH 11 Instructor: Ju-chen CHEN (陳如珍) Office: NAH 408 [email protected] Office Hours: Tue.4:30 -5:30 pm RA: CHEN, Daina (陳岱娜) (NAH301) [email protected] Anthropological Field Methods How do anthropologists conduct research? What distinguishes as anthropological research from other kinds of research? How do field methods shape anthropological knowledge production? How does the writing process frame and redefine a project? What are the strength and limitation of anthropological field research? Anthropological fieldwork starts from one’s desire to know an unfamiliar world out there and is made possible by one’s determination to step out of your comfort zone. This course is designed to introduce students to anthropology through learning about its research methods. Students will read texts on anthropological research methods, fieldworkers’ reflections on their experience and also a few ethnographic writings. Through various assignments, students will acquire hands-on experience on data-collecting techniques including participant observation and interviews. In the last part of the course, we will focus on the writing-up process and reflect on the use of anthropological field methods in the contemporary world of global connections. Learning Outcomes Upon completing this course, students will be able to − deepen their understanding of anthropology and anthropological knowledge production, − employ and further explore anthropological research methods and data collecting techniques, − evaluate the quality of an anthropological research project, and − enhance their critical reading of ethnography. Readings: Students are expected to finish all required readings beforehand. All readings will be available on Blackboard. The following three books are reserved in the University Library Course Reserve Area. Bernard, H. R. (2011) Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Alta Mira Press. Emerson, R. M., R. I. Fretz, et al. (2011) Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Becker, H. S. (2007) Writing for Social Scientists: How to Start and Finish Your Thesis, Book or Article. University of Chicago Press. Course Requirements and Evaluation This success of this course depends on students’ interest in and commitment toward the topics we cover. I hope the following requirements and evaluation will not only give you feedback about how much you have learn in this class but also encourage such interest and commitment. Class participation In class methods exercise and short writing assignments Final report or research proposal (7 Dec.) 20% 50% 30% Class Participation: This is a seminar course and a workshop. Your active participation in class is highly important and valued. You will not be evaluated by the quality of your comments but whether you have prepared for the class (i.e., done the reading and reflect carefully about the topics) and actively participated in the discussion. Methods Exercise and Short Writing Assignments: Other than class seminar, we will conduct multiple methods exercises and do related short writing assignments in class. These exercises aim at helping you get hands-on research experience and also to prepare you for your final report or research proposal. Details will be further explained in class. Final Report or Research Proposal: By the end of the course, you can choose to write a final paper or submit a research proposal. 1) Final report: pick one of the exercise we did in class or one stage/ technique of anthropological research methods this course introduced as your topic. Design and conduct some more exercises for yourself and read more extensively about this method-related topic. Write a critical reflection paper about it. (World limits: 2500 words in English and 5000 words in Chinese). 2) Research Proposal: Submit a research proposal that explains your research questions, relevance to anthropology, methods, training and contribution. The course adopt the Wenner-Gren Foundation model of proposal writing. More details will be explained later. (Length: approximately 3000 words in English). Due: 7 Dec. *Formats and other requirements: 1) Please use double-spaced, font size 12 or larger, and standard margins. 2) All writings (except for those done in class) must be submitted to VeriGuide (https://academic.veriguide.org/academic/login_CUHK.jspx). An assignment without a signed declaration from VeriGuide will not be graded. Course Outline: WK1 (Sep. 7): Introduction * Course overview * No required reading WK2 (Sep. 14): Anthropology, Fieldwork and Ethnography Sluka, J. A. & Antonius C. G. M. Robben 2007 “Fieldwork in Cultural Anthropology: An Introduction.” In Ethnographic Fieldwork. Pp. 1-28. Blackwell. Malinowski, B. 1922 “Introduction: The Subject, Method and Scope of this Enquiry.” In Argonauts of the Western Pacific: An Account of Native Enterprise and Adventure in the Archipelagoes of Melanesian New Guinea. Pp. 1-25. Prospect Heights, IL, Waveland Press, Inc. !2 Recommended: Spradley, James P. 1980 Part I. “Culture and Ethnography” and Ch.1 “Ethnography and Culture.” In Participant Observation. Pp.1-12. Spradley and McCurdy 1974 Ch.1 “Culture and Contemporary World.” In Conformity and Conflict. Pp. 1-11. Film/Video: A Man Called ‘Bee’: Studying the Yanomamo. By Napoleon A. Chagnon and Timothy Asch. Watertown, Mass.: Documentary Educational Resources. 2001(1974). 43 mins. Film/Video: An anthropological introduction to YouTube. Presentation at the Library of Congress, June 23rd, 2008 by Michael Welsh http://www.youtube.com/watch? feature=player_embedded&v=TPAO-lZ4_hU# , accessed 28 August, 2014. WK3 (Sep. 21): Defining Research Problem: From Idea to Research Project Bernard, H. R. 2011 Ch. 3: “Preparing for Research.” In Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Pp. 54-81. Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. Becker, H. S. 1986 Ch. 8: “Theorized by the Literature.” In Writing for Social Scientists: How to Start and Finish Your Thesis, Book or Article. Pp. 135-149. University of Chicago Press. Wolcott, H. F. 1995 “4: Fieldwork vs. (Just) Being in the Field.” In The Art of Fieldwork. Pp. 65-85. Walnut Creek, AltaMira Press. Recommended: Barley, Nigel 1983 Ch.1 “The Reason Why;” Ch.2 “Be Prepared;” Ch.3 “To the hill;” & “Ch.4 “Honi soit qui Malinowski.” In The Innocent Anthropologist: Notes from a Mud Hut. Pp. 7-36. Prospect Heights: Waveland Press, Inc. Exercise 1: Problem definition exercise WK4 (Sep. 28): Planning: Grant Proposal and Field Sites Maxwell, J. A. 1996 Ch. 1: “A Model for Qualitative Research Design,” Ch. 2: “Purposes: Why Are You Doing this Research” & Ch. 4: “Research Questions: What Do You Want to Understand?” In Qualitative Research Design: An Interactive Approach. In Qualitative Research Design: An Interactive Approach. Pp.1-13, Pp. 14-24 & Pp. 49-62. Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi, Sage Publications. Marcus, G. E. 1998 [1995] “Ethnography In/Of the World System: The Emergence of Multi-Sited Ethnography.” In Ethnography through Thick & Thin. Pp. 79-104. Princeton University Press. Przeworski A. & F. Salomon 1988 “On the Art of Writing Research Proposals.” New York: Social Science !3 Research Couuncil. www.ssrc.org Instruction of the Wenner-Gren Foundation. http://www.wennergren.org/programs/ application-procedures/project-description-questions Recommended: Hannerz, Ulf 2007 [2003] “Being There… and There …. And There! Reflections on Multi-Site Ethnography.” In Ethnographic Fieldwork. Pp. 359-367. Blackwell. Exercise 2: Problem definition and editing exercise Exercise 3: Field site definition exercise WK5 (Oct. 5): Participant Observation and Rapport Malinowski, B. 2007 [1922] “Methods and Scope of Anthropological Fieldwork.” In Ethnographic Fieldwork: An Anthropological Reader. Pp. 46-58. Oxford: Blackwell. Bernard, H. R. 2011 Ch. 12: “Participant Observation” In Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Pp. 256-290. Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. Agar, Michael H. 1980 Ch.3: “Who Are You to Do This?” In The professional Stranger: An Informal Introduction to Ethnography. Pp. 41-62. New York: Academic Press. Sluka, J. A. 2007 “Fieldwork Relations and Rapport: Introduction.” In Ethnographic Fieldwork: An Anthropological Reader. Pp. 121-125. Oxford: Blackwell. DeWalt, K. M. and B. R. DeWalt 2011 “6: Gender and Sex Issues in Participant Observation.” In Participant Observation: a Guide for Fieldworkers. Pp. 99-108. Walnut Creek, CA, AltaMira Press. Recommended: Spradley, J. P. 1980 Ch. 2: “Doing Participant Observation.” In Participant Observation. Pp. 53-62. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Warren, Carol A. B. 1988 Ch. 2: “Gender and Fieldwork Relationships.” In Gender Issues in Field Research. Pp. 12-41. Newbury Park, Beverly Hills, London and New Delhi: Sage Publications. Exercise 4: Participant Observation Plan Exercise WK6 (Oct. 12): Participant Observation and Fieldnotes DeWalt, K. M. and B. R. DeWalt 2002 “1: What is Participant Observation,” “3: Doing Participant Observation: Becoming a Participant” & “4: Doing Participant Observation: Becoming an Observer.” In Participant Observation: a Guide for Fieldworkers. Pp. 1-15, Pp. 35-66, and Pp. 67-82. Walnut Creek, CA, AltaMira Press. Bernard, H. R. !4 2006 Ch. 13: “Field Notes and Database Management” & Ch.14: “Direct and Indrect Observation.” In Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Pp. 291-305 & 306-336. Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. Recommended: Emerson, R. M., R. I. Fretz, et al. 1995 Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Exercise 5: Fieldnote Writing & Editing Exercise WK7 (Oct. 19): Interviews and Sampling Bernard, H. R. 2011[1995] Ch. 5: “Sampling-the basics,” Ch.7: “Nonprobability Sampling and Choosing Informants” & Ch. 8: “Interviewing I: Unstructured and Semistructured.” In Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Pp. 146-168, 186-209 & 210-250. Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. Recommended: DeWalt, K. M. and B. R. DeWalt 2002 Ch. 7: “Informal Interviewing in Participant Observation.” In Participant Observation: a Guide for Fieldworkers. Pp. 120-140. Walnut Creek, CA, AltaMira Press. Spradley, James P. 1979 The Ethnographic Interview. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Exercise 6: Unstructured and semi-structured interview exercises WK8 (Oct. 26): Visual Materials: Alternative Data and Representations Collier, John Jr. and Malcolm Collier 1986 “Ch. 1: the Challenge of Observation and the Nature of Photography,” “Ch. 2: The Camera in the Field,” “Ch. 3: Orientation and Rapport,” “Ch. 10: Risks to Rapport in Photographing Probing,” “Ch. 17: Finding Patterns and Meaning,” “Ch. 18: Making Conclusions.” In Visual Anthropology: Photography as a Research Method. Pp. 1-28; 133-138; 195-206. University of New Mexico Press. Film/Video 3-5: Selections of clips from “Jaguar (1967),” “Jean Rouch – Premier Film 1947-1991 (1991)” and “Jean Rouch & His Camera in the Heart of Africa (1979).” Recommended: Rouch, Jean 2003 Ciné-Ethnography. Edited and Translated by Steven Feld. University of Minnesota Press. Exercise 7: TBA WK9 (Nov. 2): Ethics and Relationship American Anthropological Association !5 2012 “Statement on Ethics: Principles of Professional Responsibility.” http:// www.aaanet.org/profdev/ethics/upload/Statement-on-Ethics-Principles-ofProfessional-Responsibility.pdf, accessed September 4, 2013 Bourgois, Philippe 1990 “Confronting Anthropological Ethics: Lessons from Fieldwork in Central America.” In Ethnographic Fieldwork. Pp. 288-297. Blackwell. Berreman, G. D. 2007 “Ethics versus ‘Realism’ in Anthropology.” In Ethnographic Fieldwork. Pp. 298-315. Blackwell. Shay, Christopher 2009 “Should Anthropologists Go to War?” Time December 13., http:// www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1947095,00.html Recommended: Allen, Charlotte 1997 “Spies Like Us: When Sociologists Deceive Their Subjects.” Lingua Franca Nov., 30-39. Exercise 8: Assess AAA case studies of ethical dilemmas. (http://www.aaanet.org/ committees/ethics/ch3.htm) WK10 (Nov. 9): Graduation Day, No Class WK11 (Nov. 16): Writing-up Spradley, J. P. 1980 Ch. 3: “Making an Ethnographic Record. In Participant Observation. Pp. 63-72. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Emerson, R. M., R. I. Fretz, et al. 1995 “6: Processing Fieldnotes: Coding and Memoing.” In Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. Pp.142-168. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Emerson, R. M., R. I. Fretz, et al. 1995 “7: Writing an Ethnography.” In Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. 169-210. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Recommended: Bernard, H. R. 2006 Ch. 17: “Qualitative Data Analysis I: Text Analysis.” In Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Pp. 463-521. Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. Exercise: Daniel Golstein’s Grant Proposal, Fieldnotes and Spectacular City WK 12 (Nov. 23): Validity and Limits of Ethnography Clifford, J. and G. E. Marcus, Eds. 1986 “Introduction: Partial Truths” & “Afterward: Ethnographic Writing and Anthropological Careers.” In Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography. Pp. 1-26 & Pp. 262-266. Berlekey, CA, University of California Press. Abu-Lughod, Lila 1993 “Introduction.” In Writing Women's Worlds: Bedouin Stories. Pp. 1-44. !6 Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford, University of California Press. Stroller, Paul 2015 “In Defense of Ethnography.” http://www.huffingtonpost.com/paul-stoller/ in-defense-of-ethnography_b_8028542.html accessed 1 September, 2015 Recommended: Wolf, M. 1992 Ch. 5: “Writing Ethnography: The Poetics and Politics of Culture.” In A Thrice-Told Tale: Feminism, Postmodernism, and Ethnographic Responsibility. Pp. 127-142. Stanford, Stanford University Press. Singal, Jesse 2015 “The Internet Accused Alice Goffman of Faking Details In Her Study of a Black Neighborhood. I Went to Philadelphia to Check.” http://nymag.com/ scienceofus/2015/06/i-fact-checked-alice-goffman-with-her-subjects.html Accessed, 1 September, 2015. WK 13 (Nov. 30): The Impacts of Anthropological Methods Stoller, Paul 2009 “Prologue: The Power of the Between.” In The Power of the Between: An Anthropological Odyssey. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press. Pp. 1-11. Rabinow, P. 2007 (1977) “Preface to the Thirtieth Anniversary Edition.” In Reflections on Fieldwork in Morocco. Pp. xi – xxv. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, University of California Press. Recommended: Marcus, George E. 2009 Introduction. In Fieldwork is not What it Used to Be. D. James Faubion and George E. Marcus, eds. Pp.1-34. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. * Final Report or Research Proposal due on 7 December at NAH407 Policies Late Submission: Late submission will suffer a fraction of a grade per day. For example, an A will become an A-. Academic Honesty: You are required to cite properly (guidelines: http:// www.cuhk.edu.hk/ant/tstyle.doc) and please refer to the university website ( http:// www.cuhk.edu.hk/policy/academichonesty/index.htm and http:// www.ilc.cuhk.edu.hk/english/resource/referencing_avoidingplagiarism1.pdf) to avoid plagiarism. Laptop Policy: This course discourages students from using mobile phones, tablets, or laptops in class. !7