Download 1. Christianity-‐ monotheistic religion based on the life

WHAT IS CHRISTIANITY? 1. Christianity-­‐ monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as the son of God 2. Jesus-­‐ God’s son (messiah or Christ) came to Earth to save everyone from their sins and show people God’s love 3. monotheism-­‐ belief in one God 4. disciples-­‐ followers of Jesus 5. resurrection-­‐ the belief that Jesus was raised from the dead by God 6. Protestant Reformation-­‐ an attempt to reform the Catholic Church and resulted in 3 Christian divisions-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐1. Catholic 2. Protestant 3. Orthodox 7. trinity-­‐ God contains 3 persons: father, son and holy spirit 8. Bible-­‐ collection of writings written by Christian followers and are the basic beliefs of Christianity (Old & New Testament) 9. sacraments-­‐ ceremonies that people perform to receive blessings and demonstrate their beliefs. Ex. Holy communion, baptism, confirmation WHAT IS BUDDHISM? 1. Buddhism-­‐ One of the largest and oldest world religions, based on the teachings of Siddhartha Guatama (The Buddha), practiced widely in China, Tibet, India, and Japan 2. The Buddha-­‐ The Enlightened One 3. Great Enlightenment-­‐ The Enlightenment of the first Buddha 4. Four Noble Truths-­‐ 1. Suffering exists 2. Suffering arises from attachment to desires 3. Suffering stops when you have no desires 4. Freedom from suffering is possible by following the eightfold path 5. Noble Eightfold Path-­‐ RIGHT views, intention, speech, actions, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, concentration 6. dharma-­‐ Buddhist law 7. reincarnation-­‐ transfer of the soul into another form after death 8. karma-­‐ how you behave in this life affects your next life 9. nirvana-­‐ perfect state of being free from suffering where there is no more rebirth 10. sangha-­‐ community of followers i.e. monks, nuns, etc. 11. sutras-­‐ Buddhist sacred Holy text WHAT IS ISLAM? 1. Islam-­‐ A monotheistic religion characterized by the acceptance of the doctrine of submission to God and to Muhammad as the chief and last prophet of God. 2. Muslim-­‐ follower of the Islamic religion 3. Allah-­‐ means “The God” in Arabic 4. Mohammed-­‐ messenger/prophet of Allah 5. monotheism-­‐ belief in one God 6. hijrah-­‐ Mohammed’s journey from Mecca to Medina (second holiest spot) 7. mosque-­‐ place of worship 8. shahadah-­‐ faith or belief in Allah 9. salah-­‐ the daily prayers (5 times a day) facing Mecca 10. zakah-­‐ money Muslims must pay to the poor 11. sawm-­‐ act of fasting during the month of Ramadan 12. hajj-­‐ trip (pilgrimage)to Mecca that is to be made once in a lifetime 13. Ka’bah-­‐ holy stone or sacred cube located in the center of Mecca 14. Qur’an-­‐ the holy book of Islam WHAT IS HINDUISM? 1. Hinduism-­‐ the predominant religion of the Indian subcontinent, polytheistic religion (worship many gods), one supreme god is Brahman 2. caste system-­‐ the categorization of Hindus into certain social groups based on occupation and/or how much money you have 3. Brahman-­‐ one complete, supreme, absolute spirit or god 4. samsara-­‐ cycle of birth, death and rebirth 5. reincarnation-­‐ transfer of the soul into another form after death 6. karma-­‐ effect of all thoughts and actions (good and bad) 7. moksha-­‐ spiritual perfection, freedom from sin and sorrow (one with Brahman) 8. temple-­‐ place of worship 9. puja-­‐ way to show respect for Brahman 10. shrine-­‐ holy or sacred place that is dedicated to a specific deity (can be in one’s home) 11. Vedas-­‐ Hindus holy sacred text (oldest known writings) WHAT IS JUDAISM? 1. Judaism-­‐ the religion, philosophy and way of life of the Jewish people. It is one of the oldest monotheistic religions. Its origins can be traced to Abraham and principles are embodied primarily in the Torah and Talmud. 2. monotheism-­‐ belief in one god 3. Ten Commandments-­‐ the fundamental laws of the Jews which tell the Jews how they should live. They appear in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible and in Jewish scriptures. 4. Diaspora-­‐ migration or scattering of the Jews from their homeland 5. anti-­‐semitism-­‐ prejudice against Jews 6. Torah-­‐ holy sacred text/seven books of Moses/most important writings 7. Talmud-­‐ referred to as the “Shas” and is an important sacred text for Jews 8. syngagogue-­‐ Jewish place of worship 9. Sabbath-­‐ weekly day of rest and worship 10. Cantor-­‐ leader of songs during worship 11. rabbi-­‐ Jewish spiritual leader or teacher 12. kosher-­‐ foods that are fit to be eaten