Download Republic of Rome

Rome
The Republic
I.
Rome: The Early Years
A. 3 groups of people who settled Rome
1. Etruscans
2. Latins
3.
B. First Name for Rome: Latinum
C. Legend of Rome:
Romulus & Remus
D. Early Roman Culture
1. Etruscans were:
2. Greeks: architecture,
II.
Roman Republic- Came about by overthrow of Etruscan KingA. Republic- Comes from Latin meaning public affairsB. Major 2 Groups
1. Patricians2. PlebiansC. Government Structure
1. Senate2. Plebeians could vote but were kept by law from holding Senate positions
3. Plebian Assembly- elected Tribunes who could
D. Twelve Tables- 451 B.C.
Insured that ALL free citizens had a right to protection by law
E. Balanced Government1. monarchy- 2 Consuls
term one year every 10 years
2. aristocracy- Senate300 members elected for life
Democracy- Plebeians held Tribal Assembly
Dictator- times of crisis-Republic appointed a
F. Roman Army- all citizens who owned land
Public office required 10 years
1. Legions- 5,000 men
2. Century- 80 men
3. Military organization and fighting skills were the key to Roman conquest
and success
III. Rome Expands
A. Rome conquers all of Italy except
B. Treatment of Conquered Peoples
1. Latins became
2. Conquered peoples further from Rome but still in Italy-citizenships but
3. All others-Allies left them alone as long as
C. Rome’s Economy
1. Rome was located in the center of the Mediterranean
2. Roman wine and olives for a variety of foods, raw materials and
manufactured goods
Rivalry for trade rights with Carthage leads to Punic Wars
IV. Punic Wars –
A. 1st Punic War 264 B.C.
1. fought over Sicily2. Carthage spreads
3. Rome conquers
B. 2nd Punic War 218 B.C.
1. Hannibal-General of Carthage
2. Scipio-Rome’s generalDefeated Carthage at the battle of Zama
B. 3 Punic War 146 B.C.
1. Rome hates Carthage2. Finally attacks Carthage for revenge.
3. Sells all people of Carthage into slavery, destroys
rd
V. Rome expands around Mediterranean until it becomes “Mare Nostrum”
A. Conquered Carthage and SpainB. 70 B.C.-
VI. Collapse of the Republic/Rise of the Empire
A. Causes of the Collapse (graphic organizer)
B. Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus- attempt to help the poor-
C. Army changes from citizen soldiers loyal to Republic to
mercenariesD. Julius Caesar 60 B.C.
1. triumvirateCaesar, Cassius and Pompey
2. Gaul-Caesar conquers Gaul and becomes
3. Pompey get Senate to command Caesar to disband army
E. Caesar defies Senate crosses Rubicon with troops.
F. 46 B.C. Named dictator for lifeG. Made sweeping changes in Rome.
H. Assassinated by Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius on March 15, 44 B.C
END OF THE REPUBLIC