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CHAPTER I
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INTRODUCTION
1.1 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT
The basic idea employed here is to devise a wireless controlled and manual
monitored Robot which is able to sense abnormal and some specific
conditions in the working environment.
 Dynamic :
Complete system is active motion
 Versatile :
Multitasking functions in applications
 Surveillance : Monitoring and observation
 Robot :
Movement, sensing, intelligence and control
 The wireless control involves radio frequency land rover system,
remote controlled arm.
 The wireless manual monitoring necessitates wireless real time video
capturing with audio support.
 The environmental sensing entails abnormal high temperature sensing,
environment abnormal illumination sensing and high sensitive metal
detection (both ferrous and non-ferrous).
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1.2 BASIC PRINCIPLE INVOLVED
WIRELESS REMOTE CONTROLLED LAND ROVER
The commands to the land rover is from radio frequency transmitter
(SCTX2B), which transmits the signal processed for corresponding
switching pulse at 35MHz frequency range. It is received at radio
frequency receiver (SCRX2FS), and this is processed and given to
corresponding driver circuitry to drive the motors.
WIRELESS REMOTE CONTROLLED ARM
The commands to the arm is from radio frequency transmitter (TX02),
which transmits the signal processed for corresponding switching pulse at
35MHz frequency range. It is received at radio frequency receiver (RX02),
and this is processed and given to microcontroller to drive the motors.
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
In Temperature sensor unit, a reverse biased Germanium diode is used. At
room temperature the reverse resistance of diode being very high (over
10KΩ) hence produces no effect on transistor. At abnormal high
temperature reverse resistance of diode drops and switches the transistor to
sound alarm.
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METAL DETECTOR
The circuit in High sensitive Metal detector works on the principle of
detecting the amplitude of a waveform. This is called Amplitude
Modulation.
When a metal object is placed near the detecting coil, some of the magnetic
flux passes into the object and creates a current called eddy-current. This
uses-up some of the magnetic flux and thus less flux is available for the
receiving secondary coil. Low voltage at receiving coil drives feedback
transistor circuits and sounds alarm.
AUTOMATIC ILLUMINATION SYSTEM
In Automatic illumination system the LDR acts as sensor which
activates/deactivates the relay (connected to doom light) depending on
light illumination of environment.
At no light illumination environment resistance of LDR is high of megaOhms and activates the relay to switch on doom light array. At light
illumination environment resistance of LDR drops and deactivates the
relay.
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1.3 APPLICATIONS
 Surveillance in inaccessible areas of earth where humans can’t work.
 Bomb detection and disaster management (e.g. earthquake areas).
 Surveillance in abandoned mines where humans are restricted.
 Surveillance for safety and maintenance operation in A/C ventilators
and similar functions (where Robot requires minor modification).
1.4 ADVANTAGES
 Multi tasking in applications and reliable in long operation.
 Wireless live video cum audio capturing and play back.
 Capable of detecting ferrous as well as non-ferrous metals.
 Capable of working in low light illumination environment.
 Environment sensing capabilities.
1.5 DISADVANTAGES
 Requires continuous manual monitoring and control.
 Prone to radio frequency noises and radio interferences.
 Bombs cannot be detected other than from ground surface.
 Highly complicated design and time consuming construction.
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