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CLIL lesson on muscle contraction Kitty Purgason 1/7/2010 Content objective: Ss will know the three types of contraction--concentric, eccentric, and isometric and be able to correctly label example actions. -(biology, health, fitness) Language objective: adverbial clauses “This occurs when…” Listen: When we do things with our muscles, such as hold on to something, lift something, or move, our muscle fibers are either lengthening, shortening, or remaining the same. These are called “contractions.” The word “contraction” implies shortening, but when it’s used about muscles, it means any kind of tension. There are three main kinds of contraction. The first is concentric contraction. This occurs when you push against something that you can move, for example lifting a weight. The muscle fibers shorten as they experience tension. The force of the muscle is greater than the force of the load. The second is eccentric contraction. This occurs when you let something down gradually, for example, when you are letting down a weight, or when you catch something and don’t let it fall. The force of the external load is greater than the force of the muscle. The muscle fibers lengthen under the tension. The third is isometric contraction. This occurs when you hold up an object with moving it, or if you push against something that doesn’t move. The muscle fibers remain the same length. The muscular force matches the force of the load exactly. Let’s try something—pick up a book or your bag with one hand. Feel your bicep with the other hand. You can feel it contracting; the muscle fibers are shortening. Now gradually let down the book. Now your bicep fibers are lengthening. It’s an eccentric contraction. Now let’s try a little jump. When you go up in the air, your thigh muscles, particularly the quadriceps, are doing concentric contraction. They are lifting the weight of your body. When you land they are doing eccentric contraction, keeping your body from falling down. When you bend your knees and just We have to know what our goals are, both language and content. Introduce topic. Use experience, visuals, to aid comprehension. stay still, it’s isometric contraction. Matching – diagram and label See below Use the cues below. Write three correct sentences. Then write two more sentences on your own. When you _____, your muscles are undergoing a(n) ____ contraction. a. Lower a bucket into a well b. Pull a bucket up out of a well c. Holding a bucket d. Push a door closed e. Keep a door closed that someone is pushing against f. Hold a door closed Answers a. eccentric b. concentric c. isometric d. concentric e. eccentric f. isometric Check comprehension of content. Don’t require too much language. Matching, sequencing, etc. are good techniques. Help students work on productive skills. Provide sentence patterns to assist them. Matching handout ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ Fill in the blanks with the correct term to match the diagram: Concentric contraction, eccentric contraction, isometric contraction