Download World Quiz 1 Questions - GEO

CHAPTER 1:
GEOGRAPHY: AN EXPLORATION OF CONNECTIONS
INTRODUCTION
1. Which of the following is the best example of a variable at the smallest, most local scale?
a) The number of houses on a particular street
b) The number of people living in a particular city
c) The number of single parents in the United States
d) The number of homeless people in the world
2. Which of the following refers to the relationship between the distances shown on the map and the
actual distances on the earth’s surface?
a) Scale
b) Spatial analysis
c) Cartography
d) Regional geography
3. Cartographers solve the problem of showing the spherical earth on a flat piece of paper by using:
a) lines of latitude.
b) projections.
c) globes instead of flat maps.
d) degrees, minutes, and seconds.
4. To fit the spherical earth onto a flat map, a Mercator projection:
a) flattens the earth like an orange peel.
b) shows lines of longitude curving up toward the poles.
c) stretches out the poles, depicting them with lines equal to the length of the equator.
d) perfectly represents the shapes of landmasses.
5. Which of the following terms refers to the unit of the earth’s surface that contains distinct patterns of
physical features or of human activities?
a) Place
b) Space
c) Region
d) Scale
POPULATION
6. Death rates remained high for most of human history for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
a) hygienic waste and sewage systems.
b) fluctuating food availability.
c) disease.
d) natural disasters and hazards.
7. In some of the countries of Central Europe, the population is aging and declining due to:
a) migration to other nations.
b) low birth and death rates.
c) HIV/AIDS.
d) a large increase in the number of unmarried persons.
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8. Most of the earth’s population lives between ___ latitude and ___ latitude.
a) 20°N, 60°N
b) 30°N, 50°N
c) 20°S, 60°N
d) 15°S, 80°N
9. Suppose that a country has a birth rate of 19 per 1000, and a death rate of 7 per 1000. This country’s
rate of natural increase is:
a) 12%.
b) 26%.
c) 1.2%.
c) 2.6%.
10. Which of the following typically occurs with the shift from a subsistence economy to a cash economy?
a) Education becomes less important to one’s income-earning potential.
b) Birth rates increase because parents can support more children.
c) Young children become an economic drain on the family.
d) Children are increasingly depended on to provide care for the elderly.
GENDER
11. ______ refers to the biological category of male or female, while ____ refers to the differences between
the sexes as defined by a particular social group.
a) Gender, sex
b) Sex, gender
c) Sex, discrimination
d) Gender, sex roles
12. An unintended effect of a society’s preference for boys over girls can be:
a) fewer artists in the society.
b) a loss of family traditions.
c) a weakened educational system.
d) a shortage of marriageable women.
13. The leading cause of death among girls 15-19 worldwide is:
a) food poisoning.
b) lack of drinking water.
c) pregnancy.
d) heart disease.
14. In a country with traditional gender roles, men are more likely to serve as ____________ while women
serve as ________________.
a) government leaders, farmers
b) executives, homemakers
c) farmers, hunters
d) caregivers, farmers
15. Which of the following is NOT a positive “ripple effect” of developing countries investing more
resources in the education of females?
a) Educated women are more likely to migrate to another country.
b) The children of educated women are more likely to finish secondary school.
c) The children of educated women are healthier.
d) Educated women have fewer children, which helps the family financially.
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DEVELOPMENT
16. Developing nations are usually characterized by __________________ economies, while developed nations
are usually characterized by the presence of ______________________ industries.
a) agricultural, service
b) industrial, service
c) service, agricultural
d) industrial, knowledge-based
17. Which of the following is an example of a transaction taking place in the informal economy?
a) A company paying a payroll tax for each employee
b) A government agency offering a contract to the lowest bidder
c) A housekeeper who is paid in cash and does not report her income
d) A small U.S. company outsourcing tech support work to a company in India
18. GDP per capita statistics may underestimate the role of women in the economy because:
a) GDP measures only men’s contribution to the economy.
b) men are more likely to work “off the books” than women are.
c) GDP does not take into account the earnings of immigrants.
d) much of women’s work is unpaid or takes place in the informal economy.
19. Which of the following is NOT part of the United Nations’ calculation of the Human Development
Index (HDI)?
a) Income adjusted to purchasing power parity
b) Life expectancy at birth
c) Percentage of GDP per capita spent on health care
d) Educational attainment of the population
20. The question most commonly asked by political ecologists is:
a) What is the best form of government for this particular country?
b) How can the voting systems of this particular nation be improved?
c) Who benefits most from economic development projects?
d) How can a nation increase its GDP per capita through educational initiatives?
FOOD
21. The development of food production has undergone a series of changes, starting with hunting and
gathering; moving through labor-intensive, small-scale agriculture; and moving on to
________________________________________ and organic farming in the present day.
a) large-scale commercial agriculture
b) family farms
c) a stronger emphasis on meat and animal husbandry
d) crop rotation
22. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the green revolution?
a) Genetically engineered seeds
b) Large, sophisticated farming machinery
c) An emphasis on organic farming
d) Large tracts of land
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23. The number of people a given place can support sustainably is its:
a) carrying capacity.
b) sustainability index.
c) food security.
d) economic development index.
24. The 2007 spike in world corn prices was brought about by:
a) a switch from corn production to wheat production.
b) the increase in global prices of oil.
c) speculation in alternative energy sources.
d) decreased demand for corn as a food staple.
25. What is the term for farming that meets human needs without degrading or depleting the
environment?
a) Industrial agriculture
b) Plantation agriculture
c) Corporate agriculture
d) Sustainable agriculture
26. At the global level, which of the following best explains the fact that around one-fifth of the world’s
human population subsists on insufficient and inadequate diets?
a) Extra food is produced but does not often get to those who need it.
b) Rapid population growth has outstripped increases in world food production.
c) Environmental degradation has curtailed increases in world food production.
d) World food production is insufficient due to the inefficiencies of socialism.
URBANIZATION
27. What percentage of the earth’s population now lives in cities?
a) 10%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d. 65%
28. The push/pull phenomenon of urbanization pushes people out of __________ and pulls them into
_______________.
a) rural areas, cities
b) farms, manufacturing
c) singlehood, parenthood
d) one country, a different country
29. All of the following are synonyms for shantytowns EXCEPT:
a) hutments.
b) favelas.
c) barrios.
d) peripheries.
GLOBALIZATION
30. An early example of globalization: In the British Caribbean colonies, slaves from ___________ wore
garments made of cloth woven in _____________ from cotton grown in __________________.
a) Madagascar, India, the United States
b) the American South, the American North, India
c) Africa, England, India
d) Africa, Ireland, the United States
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31. Which of the following is true concerning multinational corporations?
a) They replace free trade blocs as the key institution in the development of the global economy.
b) They design systems that utilize highly skilled, highly paid labor resources.
c) They possess the ability to influence the political affairs in countries where they operate.
d) They expand trade among cities within country borders while blocking international trade across
borders.
32. What mechanisms have national governments used to protect their economies and industries from
foreign competition?
a) Tariffs and import quotas
b) Free trade blocs
c) Increasing the value of their currency
d) Antitrust laws
33. Governments seek to protect their industries from foreign competition through all of the following
policies EXCEPT:
a) tariffs.
b) trade restrictions.
c) import quotas.
d) free trade agreements.
34. The key goal of an import quota is to:
a) protect domestic industries from foreign competition.
b) stimulate free trade.
c) encourage the development of favelas.
d) tax imported goods.
35. The mission of the World Trade Organization is to:
a) establish ground rules for international trade and lower trade barriers.
b) work with the United Nations to bring trade to developing nations.
c) increase import quotas while lowering tariffs.
d) develop a trading bloc to rival the European Union.
36. Arguments against free trade include all of the following EXCEPT:
a) free trade leads to job loss in more developed countries.
b) free trade causes greater migration from wealthy countries to developing countries.
c) free trade leads to an increase in global wealth disparity.
d) free trade causes companies to manufacture products in countries without environmental regulations
in order to lower costs.
DEMOCRATIZATION
37. The transition toward political systems guided by competitive elections is called:
a) globalization.
b) urbanization.
c) democratization.
d) politicization.
38. “Ethnic cleansing” is sometimes a euphemism for:
a) religious dissent.
b) gender discrimination.
c) genocide.
d) racial conflict.
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39. The term used to describe a nation’s right to conduct its internal affairs as it sees fit, without
interference from outside, is:
a) sovereignty.
b) manifest destiny.
c) geopolitical independence.
d) self-determination.
40. What term is used to describe the strategies used by a given country that are intended to serve its
interests in international relations?
a) Irredentism
b) Gerrymandering
c) Autarky
d) Geopolitics
WATER
41. Which of the following is an example of inequitable allocation of water?
a) A farmer uses a lake on his property to irrigate his crops.
b) Contracts signed 30 years ago force one U.S. state to send the bulk of its water to another U.S. state.
c) More luxurious homes frequently have water rights to streams, brooks, or creeks that run through
their property.
d) Dam projects seek to harness water power and deliver water to each country through which a river
flows, apportioned by population.
42. In which of the countries listed below is the amount of virtual water required to produce one ton of
corn highest?
a) United States
b) India
c) Mexico
d) The Netherlands
43. Which of the following is NOT a direct or indirect component of the calculation of virtual water?
a) Evaporation in growing fields
b) Agricultural and industrial technology
c) Water pollution that occurs in the production process
d) Water used in cooking and other domestic activities
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
44. Which of the following accords with the theory of global warming?
a) Deforestation reduces the release of carbon dioxide, causing more atmospheric combustion.
b) The burning of fossil fuels decreases levels of carbon dioxide, preventing natural ionic cooling.
d) The sun is burning hotter and has increased rates of evaporation, and thus has a reduced rate of global
daily cooling.
d) Levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are increasing and trapping the sun’s heat.
45. About 70% of the carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere comes from _______________; the remainder
comes from _________________.
a) animal flatulence; the use of fossil fuels
b) photosynthesis; animal flatulence
c) the use of fossil fuels; the loss of trees and other forest organisms
d) evaporated water pollutants; agricultural fertilizers
46. A likely result of polar ice caps melting is:
a) increased wildlife at the North and South Poles.
b) increased lake and stream size on the continents.
c) increased marine life closer to the equator.
d) a higher sea level.
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PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY PERSPECTIVES
47. According to the theory of plate tectonics, continental drift is caused by:
a) climate change in the upper atmosphere.
b) molten rock flowing from hot regions deep inside the earth to cooler surface regions and back.
c) the smashing together of oceanic plates.
d) the collision of an oceanic plate with a continental plate.
48. Mountain ranges are formed when:
a) volcanoes erupt.
b) an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate.
c) two continental plates collide.
d) limestone deposits gradually build up over millennia.
HUMAN GEOGRAPHY PERSPECTIVES
49. Which of the following is NOT a likely reason behind the development of agriculture and animal
husbandry?
a) Food security
b) Trade opportunities
c) Market demand for foodstuffs
d) The green revolution
50. A problem with the concept of culture is that:
a) it not a term commonly used by geographers.
b) the United Nations has questioned its validity.
c) it is applied to large groups that share only the most general of characteristics.
d) it is considered racially divisive and old-fashioned in an era of increased tolerance.
Short-Answers – Select 3 questions – Use 3-5 sentences for each
(put on back of scan-tron or a separate paper)
-Describe the study of how people, objects, or ideas are related to one another across space …
-Describe the components that make-up the rate of natural increase or growth…
-Describe how Demographers use population pyramids to analyze what two structures of a given
population?
-Name and describe the two mechanisms cited in the textbook that nations use to protect their
economies against foreign competition.
-What is an alternative to free trade, that seeks to provide a fair price to producers and to uphold
environmental and safety standards in the workplace.
-What are some strategies that countries use to ensure that their own interests are served in relations
with other countries …
-How is an ecological footprint calculated…
-Describe why trade centers are often the known locations of agricultural innovation
-What is the difference between a formal and informal religion…
-What is material culture …
-Identify one problem with gross domestic product (GDP) as a measure of well-being….
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