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Chapter 3 Study Guide Where did Sumerians settle? Southern Mesopotamia (Iraq) What was the earliest known civilization? Sumerian What twin rivers ran through Mesopotamia? Tigris & Euphrates Where is Mesopotamia located today? Iraq Define city-state. City and the farm land around it What is the name for a skilled worker? Artisan What was at the center of each Sumerian city-state? Ziggurat (temple) Who administered land in the god’s name? Priests Who went to school? Sons of the Upper Class What was cuneiform? Sumerian writing Who was Gilgamesh? Most famous Sumerian priest-king Where was Sargon I from? Ruler of Akkad, world’s first empire Define empire. Group of states under one ruler Who was the king of Babylon? Hammurabi What is a way of life? Culture How long did Sargon I rule for? 50 years What is Hammurabi known for? Code of law What did the Sumerians invent? Wheel, plow, and sailboat What was called the “cradle of civilization”? Mesopotamia Define reign. Period of power Who were the 1st people to write down laws? Sumerians What replaced muscle power with wind power? Sailboat What was their clock operated by? Controlled drops of water