Download Diabetes

Diabetes
Are you at risk?
What is diabetes?
• Insulin is a chemical, naturally produced in the pancreas, that helps the body
process and use sugar for energy
• Energy to sustain normal body processes – breathing, blood circulation, digestion
• Energy for us to move, exercise and otherwise function through the day
What is diabetes?
• Diabetes means that the pancreas doesn’t…
• …produce any insulin (Type I Diabetes )
• …produce enough insulin (Type II Diabetes)
• There are other types of diabetes that we diagnose and treat, but the most common are
Type I and II.
Type I Diabetes
• Usually starts before age 40
• Usually very abrupt onset of disease
• Because the pancreas produces virtually no insulin, the only treatment is
insulin replacement
• Much less common that Type II
Type II Diabetes
• Usually starts when people are older
• Although the average age of onset is getting younger
• Does not usually start abruptly – this develops over years
• Many therapies to treat
• Diet and exercise
• Medications (oral)
• Medications (injectable), including insulin replacement
• New research – cell transplants, “the artificial pancreas,” new medications, etc.
Quick Stats
from the American Diabetes Association
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In 2012, 29.1 million Americans with Diabetes (9.3%)
8.1 million of those are NOT diagnosed yet
Approximately 25% of people over 65 have diabetes
86 million (age 20+) have pre-diabetes
7th leading cause of death in the United States
Quick Stats
from the American Diabetes Association
• Diabetes causes many other problems in adulthood
• About 70% of diabetics have problems with blood pressure and cholesterol
• About 29% of diabetics (age 40+) have diabetic retinopathy (can lead to blindness)
• 1.8 times more likely to be hospitalized due to a heart attack
• 1.5 times more likely to be hospitalized due to a stroke
• 44% of new kidney failure cases are due to diabetes
• 60% of limb amputations (non-trauma) occur in diabetics
Quick Stats
from the American Diabetes Association
• Cost is incredible - $245 billion in 2012 – includes direct medical costs and
the cost of lost productivity
• Medical expenditures for diabetics are 2.3 times higher than for non-diabetics
• Increasing numbers of diabetic patients is putting a significant burden on the
healthcare system
• We need to recognize patients earlier
• We need to be better at treating patients and encouraging them to be compliant
• We need to work at prevention and education
Know the Risk Factors
• Age (over 45)
• History of gestational diabetes
when pregnant, or have a high
birth-weight baby
• Heredity
• High blood pressure
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Sedentary lifestyle, lack of exercise
Overweight/obese
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Certain ethnicities – Latino, Native
American, African American and
others
Doing our part today…
• At the 2014 Women’s Expo we are offering a Blood Glucose Screening test
• Suggested to be fasting for 8 hours, but we can test if you have already eaten
today
Screening test results
• 70 -100 (fasting)
Normal test. Likelihood of diabetes is low
• > 100 (fasting)
Elevated test result. See your provider for further advice
• >200 (non-fasting) See your provider for further advice
Diagnosing Diabetes
• For those that have results 100-125
• May be considered a “pre-diabetic”
• Your provider will be watching your numbers more frequently
• May start some medications to delay onset of disease
• Will discuss strategies for prevention or how to delay onset
Prevention for PreDiabetics
• Does not mean that you will automatically develop diabetes
• Early recognition and treatment can restore blood sugar levels to normal
• Lower your risk 58%
• Losing 7% of body weight (15 pounds for 200 pound person)
• Exercising moderately (30 minutes/day x 5 days per week)
Diagnosing Diabetes
• Usually diagnosed when someone has 2 or more fasting blood sugars over
126
• Or if you have one high blood sugar and signs and symptoms of diabetes
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Frequently thirsty or urinating often
Unexplained fatigue
Blurry vision
Slow healing wounds
Numbness or tingling in the feet or hands
Diagnosing Diabetes
• Your provider may do some additional lab tests
• Hemoglobin A1C – looks at blood sugar control over the past few months
• Glucose Tolerance Test – checks how your body processes a large amount of sugar
• Treatment and diagnosis is determined by looking at each patient
individually
• Not everyone will have the same tests or get the same treatment plan
Diabetes Prevention
• Cannot control several things – heredity, age, ethnicity
• Control the things you can
• Weight
• Diet
• Blood pressure
• Activity
Living with Diabetes
• Early detection
• Early and effective treatment
• Consultation with support staff – dietician, diabetes educator, etc.
• Education
• Follow-up with your provider for close monitoring
• Support
Living with Diabetes
• Well-controlled and monitored diabetes can prevent or significantly delay the
onset of complications
• Despite your best efforts, sometimes the disease advances and the treatment
plan needs to change
• Need to stay in communication with your clinic to have the best results!
Myth: eating too much sugar causes diabetes
• Being overweight can contribute to diabetes
• Weight gain is typically not just from eating too much sugar
• However…sugared beverages are contributing to diabetes
• Regular soda, energy drinks, fruit juices, sweet tea, etc.
• Make lower sugar choices – water, flavored waters, diet sodas, low sugar juices
Myth: Diabetics need special foods
• A diabetic diet can include anything that non-diabetics eat
• Healthy choices are suggested for everyone
• Low fat, moderate sugars, lean protein, whole grains, healthy fats, etc.
• Portion control is the key –whether you are diabetic or not
Myth: Diabetic can’t have sweets
• You can have sweets! It’s all a part of balancing your diet for control of
nutrients and carbohydrates
• Portion control
• Making choices
Resources
• American Diabetic Association
• www.diabetes.org
• Medline/National Institutes of Health
• www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/diabetes.html
• Ask us!