Download Theme: Geography

Ancient Egypt
• Geography
• Economics
• Politics
– Slide 1
– Slide 2
Resources
•Religion
•Society & Culture
•Science & Technology
-Slide 1
-Slide 2
Resources
Videos
Vocabulary
• Teacher Presentation
• List
• Fill-in the blank – student version
Left Side Assignments
2R
Theme: Geography
I.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Settled by the Nile River
Flooded, provided silt (Nile Delta 2/3 farms)
Fertile soil, irrigation, for farming
Stable food supply (surplus)
Provided for division of labor and civilization
Like Mesopotamia
II. Provided Natural Barriers (protection from invaders/enemies)
A. Deserts (Western, Eastern)
B. Cataracts (rapids) on Nile River
C. Water (Red, Mediterranean Seas)
3R
Theme: Economics
I.
Nile River – important trade route
A. Traded with Nubia for gold, copper, ivory, slaves, stone
B. Traded with Syria for wood
II.
Taxes
A. Scribes did not pay taxes – became wealthy
B. Farmers had to give crops to the pharaoh as taxes
C. Taxes were used to build pyramids
III.
Military conquests make Egypt rich
A. Assyrian, Babylonian, Hittite Kings sent gifts to maintain good
relations with Egypt
IV.
Growth of Trade
A. Sinai Peninsula had turquoise & copper
B. Queen Hatshepsut traded with Punt, Greece, and Asia Minor
4R
Theme: Politics
I. King Menes
A. First Pharaoh of Egypt
B. Unified Upper & Lower Egypt in 3100 B.C.
C. Egypt could be a larger, more powerful country!
II. Old Kingdom
A. 2700 - 2200 B.C.
B. Khufu’s pyramid built
III. Middle Kingdom
A. 2050 – 1750 B.C.
B. Stable government
IV. New Kingdom
A. 1550-1050 B.C.
B. Height of Egypt’s power & glory
Theme: Politics
C. Queen Hatshepsut
1.Expanded trade routes
2. Used money to support arts & architecture
3. By expanding trade routes, she increased Egypt’s wealth & power
D. Ramses the Great (Ramses II)
1. fought Hittites, strengthened western borders, defeated Tehenu
2. Increased Egypt’s size & built monuments
3. The “last great pharaoh” of Egypt
4. By building monuments, he helped Egypt’s culture live on
V.
VI.
Kush
A. 700’s B.C.
B. Conquered Egypt and established a new dynasty!
Assyrians
A. Took over in 670’s B.C.
5R
I.
Theme: Religion
Polytheistic (believed in many gods &
goddesses)
A. temples, shrines to worship
B. Pharaoh considered a living god!
C. Focused on afterlife (life after death)
D. “ka” – a person’s life force
E. preserved bodies as mummies
F. Rules – make the pharaoh’s spirit
happy to have your own happy
afterlife!!
6R
I.
Theme: Society & Culture
Social Hierarchy
A. Pharaoh
1. absolute power over Egypt
2. both a king & a god
3. blamed if crops did not grow or disease struck
B. Upper Class
1. priests, government officials, nobles
C. Middle Class
1. scribes, craftspeople
a. craftspeople’s jobs included: sculptors, builders,
carpenters, jewelers, metalworkers, leatherworkers,
architects, artists
2. merchants, traders, soldiers
D. Lower Class
1. farmers, servants, slaves
2. over 80% of the population!!
7R
Theme: Science & Technology
I.
Pyramids
A. Khufu’s largest
B. Skilled engineering
C. symbolized importance of pharaoh & afterlife
II.
Hieroglyphics
A. One of world’s first writing systems
B. 600 symbols
C. Rosetta Stone helped scholars decipher
D. Many texts still exist
7R
Theme: Science & Technology
III. Temples
A. religious, gods, afterlife
B. Karnak – Ramses the Great
IV. Art
A. Filled tombs of pharaoh to enjoy in afterlife
B. In temples, religious
C. Paintings, carvings, jewelry