Download NCLEX-RN Review Book Instructor`s Guide Sample and Quick Facts

NCLEX-RN Review Book
Instructor’s Guide Sample
and
Quick Facts
Regina Hughes RN, BSN
Copyright 2010
NCLEX Express Table of Contents
Instructor’s Guide
Best Bet for kids………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4
Blow Them Away……………………………………………………………………………….......... 5
Blockers………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6
Blood Gas Interpretation……………………………………………………………………………… 7
Chest Tubes………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9
CHF……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12
Diabetes………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 13
Diagnostic Procedures…………………………………………………………………………………. 19
Diets……………………………………………………………………………………………………….…… 20
Delegation…………………………………………………………………………………………………... 21
Electrolytes………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 22
Endocrine……………………………….…………………………………………………………………….23
Expected Changes in Aging………………………………………………………………………….. 26
Heart Rhythms…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
Infant Heart Defects…………………………………………………………………………………….. 29
Isolation Precautions…………………………………………………………………………………... 31
Lab Values…………………………………………………………………………………………………….32
Legal Eagle…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
Make it a Priority…………………………………………………………………………………………. 34
Math……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35
Natural Alternative………………………………………………………………………………………..36
Normal & High Risk Newborn………………………………………………………………………. 37
Orthopedics………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39
Pregnancy…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 41
Psych…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 46
Save A Life……………………………………………………………………………………………………..52
Substance Abuse…………………………………………………………………………………………. 53
Therapeutic Communication……………………………………………………………………….. 54
Therapeutic Drug Range………………………………………………………………………………. 56
T.V. drugs…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 57
Tips for Alternate Format Questions……………………………………………………………. 58
Words of Wisdom……………………………………………………………………………………….. 59
Congestive Heart Failure
Regina Hughes
A.) CHF happens when the heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s
needs.
Left Side Signs
L think L_______
Right Side Signs
R think R____________
Most clients have failure on both sides.
B.) Tests to Do:
1. ABG- will see patient is hypoxic
2. Chest-xray- will see pulmonary congestion, enlarged heart
3. BNP- greater than 100
C.) Medications
1. Morphine
2. O2
Morphine for pain, O2 will help client with
3. Diuretics
breathing, Diuretics will help get rid of extra fluid.
4. Digoxin
Make sure to do daily weights and monitor Intake
and Output when a client is on diuretics. Digoxin
D.) Nursing Interventions
will increase cardiac output.
 Bedrest
 Monitor digoxin toxicity
 Monitor oxygen toxicity in COPD clients
 Diet- low sodium, low fat
Legal Eagle
Regina Hughes
A.) Advanced Directives- legal documents that allow client to make decisions
in advance.
Durable Power of Attorney
Living Will
***Know client’s DNR status!!!
B) Informed Consent- make sure client is able to understand what is going on.
___________________________________________________________________
Need written consent to do
Can do without written consent
New NCLEX topic!
________________
________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
__________________
Who gets it? The MD doing the procedure, RN can only witness.
Stay out of jail tips:
Good documentation (write down everything you did)
Provide the best care for everyone (do not neglect the difficult ones)
Do not give drugs that you don’t know
As the RN you are responsible for treatments whether they get done or not
Table of Contents
Quick Facts
Acid Reflux………………………….…….2
A.I.D.S………………………………….……2
Acute Renal Failure……………….…..4
Allergies………………………………….…4
Amputation…………………………..…..5
Aneurysm……………………………….…6
Anorexia Nervosa…………………..….6
Appendicitis……………………………...7
Arterial blood gas……………………….7
Asthma……………………………………...8
Autonomic Dyreflexia…………………8
Bell’s Palsy………………………………...9
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia………9
Blood Administration……………....11
Blood Pressure Medication……….12
Breast Feeding…………………….……13
Buerger’s Disease………………….….13
Bulimia Nervosa…………………….…13
Burns……………………………………….14
Cancer……………………………………..16
Car Seats……………………………....…17
Cataracts………………………….………17
Celiac’s Disease…………………….....18
Cerebrovascular Accident………...18
C.O.P.D…………………………………….20
Chronic Renal Failure……………..…21
Compazine……………………………….21
Corticosteriods………………………...22
Cranial Nerves…………………….…...23
Crohn’s Disease…………………….….23
Cystic Fibrosis………………………..…24
Diabetic Teaching………………….....25
Digoxin…………………………………….26
Diuretics………………………………..…26
Donning Sterile Gloves………………27
Epiglottitis………………………………..27
Genital Herpes……………………….…28
Glaucoma…………………………….…..29
Immunizations………………………....30
Inflammatory Bowel Disease…….31
Incentive Spirometry…………….....31
Increased Intracranial Pressure…31
Instillation of Ear Medications…..32
Instillation of Eye Medications….33
Intravenous Therapy………………...33
Laminectomy…………………………….34
Lead Posioning………………………….34
Legal Issues……………………………….35
Lung Sounds……………………………..35
Lyme Disease……………………..…….36
Maslow’s Heirarchy of Needs……37
Masectomy……………………………….37
Medication Administration……….37
Meniere’s Syndrome…………………38
Menigitis……………………………….…39
Mongolian Spots……………………….39
Myasthenia Gravis…………………….40
Myocardial Infarction………………..41
Neomycin Sulfate……………………..41
Neuroleptic Malignant Synd……..42
NG Tube…………………………………..42
Nitroglycerin…………………………….43
NSAIDs………………………………………43
Nursing Abbreviations……………....44
Orthostatic Hypotension………..….45
Osteoarthritis………………………….…46
Otitis Media………………………………47
Oxygen Delivery System…………….47
Pacemakers……………………………….48
Paracentesis……………………………...49
Parkinson’s………………………………..50
Peptic Ulcer Disease…………………..51
Peripheral Artery Disease……….….52
Pheochromocytoma…………………...52
Phlebitis…………………………………....53
Piaget’s Theory of Cog Dev………...53
Pleural Effusion………………………….53
PTSD………………………………………....54
Pregnancy Stuff………………………….55
Presbycusis…………………………………55
Pressure Ulcers…………………………..55
Radiation Therapy……………………...56
Raynaud’s Disease……………………..57
Rheumatoid Arthritis………………….57
Sickle Cell Anemia………………………58
Starting an IV……………………………..59
Tardive Dyskinesia……………………..60
T.P.N………………………………………….60
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole..60
Tuberculosis……………………………….61
Vitamins……………………………………..62
Appendicitis
Commonly seen in what age range?
10 to 30
What is the classic sign of appendicitis?
Acute right lower abdominal
pain
What are some other signs/symptoms?
Loss of appetite, nausea,
vomiting, low grade
temperature
Localized tenderness is found where?
McBurney’s point
What are the tests for appendicitis?
Complete history and
physical exam with WBC
count (will be elevated)
What is the treatment for appendicitis?
Immediate surgery to
remove appendix, IV
antibiotics, semi-fowlers
position. NPO to rest gut
General treatment for any acute
abdominal pain?
NPO status, no heat on
abdomen, assess abdominal
distention, IV fluid therapy
Arterial blood gas
Where are most samples drawn from?
Radial artery in wrist
How long should pressure be applied to the
site after collecting a sample?
5 minutes
Which test should be performed before
collecting ABG?
Allen’s Test
Aspergers Syndrome
This syndrome is a form of ______?
Autism
Peptic Ulcer Disease
What bacteria is responsible for most peptic ulcers?
H. pylori
Where are most peptic ulcers found?
Gastric and duodenal
When a client has ulcers what will the vomit look like?
“Coffee ground”
When a client has ulcers what will the stool look like?
“Black tarry”
What medications should be avoided?
NSAIDs
Is Tylenol (acetaminophen) a NSAID?
No
Ulcers
Where are the ulcers?
Does stomach acid increase?
Where does the pain occur?
When does pain occur?
Gastric
Stomach
Normal production
Mid-epigastric region
With meals or after eating
“starve a gastric ulcer”
Duodenal
Duodenum
Increased production
Mid-epigastric region
On an empty stomach
“feed a duodenal ulcer”
What type of medication will be given to
decrease gastric acid production in duodenal
ulcers?
H2 blockers and
Proton pump inhibitors
What are medication examples of H2 blockers?
Zantac (ranitidine)
Tagamet (cimetidine)
What are medication examples of proton pump
inhibitors?
Generic ending in “zole”
Nexium (esomeprazole)
Protonix (pantoprazole)
Prilosec (omeprazole)
_______ are prescribed to neutralize gastric acid?
Antacids
What should you teach clients with ulcers to avoid?
Smoking and alcohol