Download the united kingdom of great britain

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Gymnázium, Brno, Slovanské náměstí 7
III/2 – Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky prostřednictvím ICT
Inovace výuky na GSN prostřednictvím ICT
CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0940
Mgr. Rudolf Dostálek
Od Napoleona k jaru národů (evropské a české dějiny 1. poloviny
19. století)
French Empire
VY_32_INOVACE_DE.4.03
20.10.2013
Žáci středních škol
Trafalgar, Nelson, battle of 3 emperors, peace in Tylsit,
continental blockade, battle of nations, Waterloo
Tato prezentace slouží k výkladu učiva tématu: Francouzské
císařství (v anglickém jazyce)
FRENCH EMPIRE
2nd December 1804
• Napoleon is crowned by Pope Pius VII as the
Emperor of the French
THIRD COALITION WAR
• In 1805 war broke out between France and the Third
Coalition
• Russia
• Great Britain
• Austria
FAILURE
• British Royal Navy beat the allied Franch-Spanish
fleet and prevented Napoleon's planned invasion
• 21st October 1805
• Admiral Lord …………… destroyed the fleet near
the Cape of Trafalgar
BATTLE OF THREE EMPERORS
• 2nd December 1805
• Napoleon beats the stronger allied armies of the
Holy Roman Emperor and the Russian Tsar at the
battle of Austerlitz
• After this battle, Napoleon became the master of
Central Europe
NEW MAP OF CENTRAL EUROPE
• He becomes the King of Italy (former Republic
of Italy)
• In the rest of the peninsula Napoleon fills the
abandoned or newly created thrones with his
generals or relatives
• He acts alike in larger countries of the Holy
Roman Empire (Saxony, Westphalia, Bavaria).
CONFEDERATION OF THE RHINE
• Last Holy Roman Emperor Francis II abdicates from
the throne and declares himself Francis I, Emperor of
Austria
• The states of the former Holy Roman Empire
gradually joined newly formed Confederation of the
Rhine (French ally)
4TH COALITION
• In 1806 Napoleon had to face the forces of the 4th
coalition:
• Russia
• Prussia
• Great Britain
PRUSSIAN FAILURE
• He crushed Prussian armies in a series of
battles
• Battles of Jena and Auerstedt
• on 25th Otober his army entered Berlin
RUSSIAN TURNOVER
• The war with Russia went on until the battle at
Friedland (1807)
• Defeated Russia had to sign the Peace Treaty of Tilsit
• Russia became Napoleon´s ally
• In 1807 all continental Europe was dominated by the
French Emperor
• There was only one enemy left…..
CONTINENTAL BLOCKADE
• In 1806 Napoleon declared Continetal
blockade
• an attempt to destroy the UK economically by
banning the import and export of any goods
• In the end it destroyed him…..
CHANGES IN SPAIN
• For better control of the Continental blockade
of Napoleon occupies Spain
• He deposes the king
• gives his throne to his brother Joseph
WAR IN SPAIN
• Spaniards supported by the Catholic Church rose up
against French occupation
• They fought in guerrilla way
• French army was never able to control the whole
territory
• English landing and defence of Portugal
• later deliberation of Madrud
1ST LOST BATTLE
•
•
•
•
In 1809 Austria renewed war with Napoleon
Although in May Austrian army wins at Aspern…
it doesn´t take advantage of the victory
In July Austria is utterly defeated at Wagram
FAMILY MATTERS
• On 15th December 1809 Napoleon divorced
Empress Josephine de Beauharnais
• married Austrian princess Maria Luise of
Habsburg
• she gave him a son: Napoleon II
END OF ALLIANCE
• 1810 - Russian Tsar breaks the continental blockade
• 1812 - Napoleon's answer: Russian campaign of his
Grand Armée
RUSSIAN CAMPAIGN
• On 23rd June 1812 Napoleon leading about
600 000 soldiers (only one third of the French)
draws in Russia
• Russian troops retreat, avoiding a decisive
battle….
BORODINO
• On 7th September 1812 was fought the first
major battle at Borodino
• It had no winner
• Russian general Kutuzov withdrew again
• Let the French enter Moscow…
•
PYRRHOS´ VICTORY
• Napoleon occupies Moscow which had been
abandoned
• Moscow is without supplies
• great fire breaks up and nearly destroys the
city…
• Napoleon expects the bid for peace
• It does not come, but general Winter does
RETREAT
• Napoleon is forced to retreat from Russia
• Russian army presses the French to come
back the same way as they came (battles of
Tarutino and Malojaroslavetz)
• Cossacks and guerrilla attacks as well as the
Russian winter decimate the Grande Armée
(cca 60 000 survivors)
NAPOLEON´S DECISIVE DEFEAT
•
•
•
•
decisive Battle of the Nations at Leipzig
16th – 19th October 1813
France and Grand Duchy of Warsaw
4 Allies: ????
ABDICATION
• After his defeat Napoleon is forced to abdicate
• He was supposed to spend the rest of his life
in exile on the Island of Elba
• France was returned to the borders of 1792
• It became a monarchy again
• The French Bourbons regain the throne
NAPOLEON´S BACK
•
•
•
•
•
•
Louis XVIII was very unpopular
Napoleon attempted coup
He left Elba
occupied Paris
deposed Louis
proclaimed himself the emperor again (1814)
100 DAYS´EMPIRE
• After about 100 days, his attempt to restore
the Empire turned into failure
• he was defeated by the armies of the Seventh
Coalition (Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia) at
Waterloo (1815)
END OF THE EMPEROR
• He was interned by the British
• deported to the Island of St Helen in the
Pacific
• He died probably of stomach cancer in 1821
• Tento digitální učební materiál byl vytvořen
pomocí software Microsoft Office 2007
• Materiál je určen pro bezplatné používání pro
potřeby výuky a vzdělávání na všech typech
škol a školských zařízení
• Jakékoliv další využití podléhá autorskému
zákonu