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Civil War
5th grade
Social
Studies
Standard: SS5H1
a. Id. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Brown’s Raid
and explain how events related to C.W.
b. Discuss how st. rights and slavery
increased tension between N and S.
c. ID major battles and campaigns
d. Describe roles of important people in
this point.
e. Describe the effects of the C.W.
Slavery in U. S. Regions
 Factory owners, merchants, bankers, and
workers needed cotton and other crops
from the South
 Some people were afraid of losing their
jobs if slavery ended.
 Even though many in North thought
slavery was wrong, they didn’t do
anything about it
Who was Fredrick
Douglas?
 African American Abolitionist
 Was an escaped slave who spoke
against slavery
 Helped Harriet Tubman
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe
A lady named Harriet
Beecher Stowe wrote
a book, in 1852,
describing how bad
life could be for
slaves. It brought
attend to everyone
just how bad slavery
was in our country.
After reading it, many
abolitionist began to
speak out about it.
Who is John Brown?
 He was an abolitionist who was against
slavery
 Led a raid at Harper’s Ferry in West
Virginia. With a group of people, he tried
to stand up for the slaves by giving them
weapons, but the Union soldiers attacked
back and killed/captured them.
States’ Rights
 People in the South believed that each
state should be allowed to decide for
itself about slavery (popular sovereignty)
 Believed the Federal Government should
not be able to make laws about things
such as trade with Europe and slavery
 The Northern states passed laws to tax
goods from Europe, making them really
expensive
When did the Civil War
take place?
 April 12, 1861-April 9,1865
 Fort Sumter in Charleston, SC attacked
by Confederate forces
 Union forces surrendered the next day
 Southern states (Confederates) were
represented by gray uniforms
 Northern states (Union) were
represented by blue uniforms
Who were the C.W.
leaders?
 President: Abraham Lincoln
 President of the Confederate States:
Jefferson Davis
 General of the Confederate army:
Stonewall Jackson
 General of the Union army: Ulysses S.
Grant
Abraham Lincoln
 Elected president twice: 1860 and 1864
 Lawyer, state legislator and
representative from Illinois
 Did not want slavery to spread to new
states and territories
 7 states seceded before Lincoln became
president and stated it was unlawful
 April 14, 1865: Was shot by John Wilkes
Booth in Ford’s Theater
Robert E. Lee
 Was in the U. S. Army which became the
Union Army
 Had to resign to become the commander
of the Confederate Army in 1860
 Surrendered to General Grant
Ulysses S. Grant
 General-in-chief of the Union Army
 Split the Confederate Army in two by
gaining control of the Mississippi
 Planned to end the South by destroying
everything needed to survive
 He ordered Sherman’s March to the Sea
 Served two terms as president in 1869
and 1877
Jefferson Davis
 Representative and a senator for
Mississippi
 President of the Confederacy
 Ordered the attack on Fort Sumter that
started the Civil War
Thomas “Stonewall”
Jackson
 General in the Confederate Army
 Led to many victories
 Was shot at the Battle of Chancellorsville
by his own man by accident who mistook
him for a Union soldier
 Confederate Army suffered many defeats
after his death
William T. Sherman
 Led Sherman’s March to the Sea through
GA
 Burned Atlanta and destroyed land and
farms on the way to Savannah, GA
Major Battles/Campaigns:
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Battle of Fort Sumter
Battle of Gettysburg
The Atlanta Campaign
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Appomattox Court House
Battle of Fort Sumter:
 Accured on April 12-14, 1861 near
Charleston, South Carolina.
 Rebels fought to take the fort from the
US Army.
 This was the first step of rebellion starting
the Civil War.
Battle of Gettysburg
 90,000 Union vs. 75,000 Confederates
 July 1-3, 1863
 51,000 men were killed, wounded, missing,
or captured on both sides.
 Hugh turning point in war: Confederate
Army never recovered and never invaded
the North again.
 Pres. Lincoln gave powerful speech
afterwards…short but great. I challenge
you to memorize “The Gettysburg Address”
The Atlanta Campaign:
 A series of battles fought in northwest
Georgia and around Atlanta during the
summer of 1864.
 Sheman started his attacks at Lookout Mt
in Tenn and headed south. It did not go
well for the Confederates and ended with
the Burning of Atlanta on Sept 2.
 Sherman then Began his March to the
Sea.
Who is Clara Barton?
 The Angel of the Battlefield
 Helped soldiers that needed medical
assistance
Sherman’s March to the
Sea
 After burning Atlanta, Sherman marched
to Savannah destroying everything from
homes to railroads, bridges, and roads
 He did not burn the beautiful port city of
Savannah. He sent word to Lincoln that
he saved it as a gift to the president.
 It is still the oldest existing city in our
state because it was spared, and can be
studied for its great historical value.
The Anaconda Plan:
The Anaconda Plan had three
main goals:
First, Northern ships would
blockade Southern seaports.
Second, the North would take
control of the Mississippi
River.
Third, Union troops would
invade the South from both
the east and west.
This would “squeeze” The
Confederacy like a snake
squeezes its prey.
Surrender at Appomattox
 April 9, 1865
 Lee and Grant met at the McLean home
in Appomattox Court House
 Grant wrote the terms of the agreement
 Over the next few weeks, other Southern
Generals across the South surrendered
as well
Emancipation
Proclamation
 The Emancipation Proclamation: It is a
document that President Lincoln signed
that said all slaves are FREE!!
Sadly, more people died in the
Civil War than any other
American War.
Writing Assignment:
 Write a letter home to your family as
though you are a soldier in the Civil War.