Download summer 2006

NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
SUMMER 2006
ALL NEUROLOGICAL DEFICITS ARE THE
Reduced or absence of conduction
RESULT OF
THE TERMS “RADICULAR, DERMATOME OR
Neurological lesion & segmental deficit
MYOTOME” HAVE REFERENCE TO
ANISOCORIA IN A BRIGHTLY LIT ROOM
Mydriasis
WILL LEAD THE EXAMINER TO CONSIDER
A PLEXOPATHY WILL AFFECT THE
Distribution of only the anterior primary rami
WHICH DOES NOT NECESSARILY HAVE
REFERENCE TO A NEUROLOGICAL DEFICIT
Pain
(paresthesiae, Tinel sign, myotome has
reference to a neurological deficit)
Loss of both direct and consensual light
reflexes on the left
Right lateralization on the Weber
LOSS OF VE FUNCTION OF THE LEFT CN
III WILL RESULT IN
INCREASED BONE CONDUCTION ON THE
RINNE TEST OF THE RIGHT EAR SHOULD
ALSO DEMONSTRATE
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN Their innervating neurons enter and exit the
THE DERMATOME, MYOTOME AND REFLEX
same IVF
THE FACET CAPSULE IS INNERVATED BY
A branch of the posterior primary ramus
A TOTAL LESION OF CN II OF THE RIGHT Absence of the left consensual light reflex
EYE WILL DEMONSTRATE
WHICH IS UNLIKELY TO OCCUR IN A
Ataxia
RADICULAR LESION
Occur in radicular lesion:
1. Hypoesthesia
2. segmental paresthesiae
3. hypotonia
WHAT IS THE SEGMENTAL
The neurons are bound together in the same
RELATIONSHIP OF THE NEURONS IN A
IVF
MIXED SPINAL NERVE
WHICH STATEMENT IS FALSE
Mechanoreceptors of the skin are considered
segmental
True statements:
1. Nociceptors of the skin are considered
segmental
2. The A-delta fibers are segmentally
arranged in the sensory cortex
3. Mechanoreceptors are larger and faster
conducting than nociceptors
LOSS OF THE ALPHA MOTOR NEURON
WILL MANIFEST AS
Weakness
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
THE DESCENDING INHIBITORY PATHWAY
WILL CAUSE THE RELEASE OF ____ INTO
THE ____
INTERRUPTION OF THE
THALAMOCORTICAL FIBERS COULD
RESULT IN
A RIGHT HEMISECTION OF THE CORD AT
T1 WILL NOT RESULT IN
Endorphins/dorsal horn
Agraphesthesia
Left + Babinski
Will result in:
1. Right spastic paralysis
2. Right flaccid paralysis
3. Right akinesthesia
A POSITIVE ROMBERG IS EVIDENCE THAT
A LESION EXIST IN THE
WHICH FIBER TYPES INNERVATE THE
DISC
A LESION OF THE LEFT MOTOR CORTEX
WOULD LIKELY DEMONSTRATE
HYPERTONICITYASSOCIATED WITH AN
UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESION IS THE
RESULT OF
LEFT HEMISECTION OF THE CORD WILL
RESULT IN ____ BELOW THE LESION
SEGMENTAL SENSORY AND MOTOR
DEFICITS DEFINE A
VISCERAL AFFERENTS DO NOT ALLOW
FOR
Cord
Mechanoreceptors
Nociceptors
Autonomics
Right positive Babinski
Loss of inhibition from the extrapyramidal
Ipsilateral spasticity and hyperreflexia
Contralateral loss of pain perception
Radiculopathy
Somatotopic discrimination
Do allow for:
1. Pain perception
2. Establishment of a reflex
3. Excitation of the autonomics
VISCERAL EFFERENTS TO THE PUPIL
ORIGINATE FROM THE
THE PRESENCE OF A TINEL SIGN
PROVIDES EVIDENCE THAT THE LESION
IS
WHICH IS UNLIKELY FOLLOWING A
LESION OF A PERIPHERAL NERVE
Likely to occur:
1. Areas of anesthesia
2. Absent or depressed DTR
3. Positive Tinel sign
Edinger-Westphal nucleus
Lateral horn
Neurological
Myotome weakness
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
WHEN SENSORY DEFICITS INDICATE A Both anterior and posterior primary rami will
DERMATOMAL PATTERN
be involved
LOSS OF THE SE FIBER WILL REDUCE OR
DTR
ELIMINATE
Superficial reflex
Muscle tone
A PATIENT WHO DEMONSTRATES
Cord
AKINESTHESIA BUT MAINTAINS
SENSITIVITY TO PAIN LIKELY HAS A
LESION OF THE
WHICH TRACT CARRIES PREDOMINATELY
Spinoreticulothalamic
“C” FIBER PAIN AND INTERACTS WITH
THE LIMBIC AND ACTIVATING CENTERS
AN EXTRAPYRAMIDAL LESION
Will not demonstrate a +Babinski
IF A SPASM WERE THE RESULT OF AN
UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESION
WEAKNESS, HYPOTONIA AND
HYPOREFLEXIA WOULD MANIFEST WITH
A LESION OF
GLUTAMATE RELEASE INTO THE
SYNAPTIC CLEFT BETWEEN THE FIRST
AND SECOND ORDER NEURONS
The tone would be increased
The DTR would be hyperactive
The peripheral nerve
Sensitizes the secondary neuron
SPRING 2006
WHICH IS NOT CONSIDERED TO BE A
NEUROLOGICAL DEFICIT
A LESION OF SOMATOSENSORY AREA I
IS DEMONSTRATED BY THE APPEARANCE
OF
WHICH LESION SITES WOULD RESULT
IN SEGMENTAL DEFICITS
RADICULAR LESIONS WOULD BE
EXPECTED TO COMPROMISE
A LESION OF THE DORSAL COLUMN WILL
CAUSE
WEAKNESS, LOSS OF TONE AND
HYPOREFLEXIA WOULD MANIFEST WITH
A LESION OF
IF A SPASM WERE THE RESULT OF AN
UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESION
All of the following are examples of
neurological deficits:
Akinesthesia
Paresthesiae
Dermatome pain
Agnosia
The anterior ramus and plexus
Both the anterior and primary rami
Ipsilateral loss of position sense
The peripheral nerve
The DTR would be hyperactive
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
THE PRESENCE OF TINEL SIGN PROVIDES
Neurological
EVIDENCE THAT THE LESION IS
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DEFINES A One alpha motor neuron and all muscle fibers
MOTOR UNIT
innervated by it
TENS UNITS ARE THEORIZED TO WORK
Increasing the release of GABA into the
EFFECTIVELY BY
dorsal horn
WHICH COULD NOT OCCUR WITH A
Akinesthesia
RADICULAR LESION
Occur with a radicular lesion:
1. Hypoesthesia
2. Hypotonia
3. weakness
THE PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY AREA
SOMATOTOPIC DISCRIMINATION IS
GENERALLY NOT POSSIBLE FOR
THE GLUTAMATE RELEASED INTO THE
SYNAPTIC CLEFT IN THE DORSAL HORN
LOSS OF THE ANNULOSPIRAL WILL
RESULT IN ALL OF THE FOLLOWING
EXCEPT
Is the initial site for the descending
inhibitory pathway
C fibers
Sensitizes the secondary neuron
Weakness
Results in the following:
1. Hypotonia
2. Hyporeflexia
3. Preservation of kinesthesia
THE PROPER USE OF THE TERM
“DERMATOME” IS RESTRICTED TO
DESCRIBING
A PATIENT WHO DISPLAYS A +ROMBERG
SIGN WILL ALSO DEMONSTRATE
VISCERAL NOCICEPTION REACHES THE
HIGHER CENTERS VIA THE
DYSDIADOCHOKINESIA MAY RESULT
FROM A LESION OF THE
WHEN VISUAL INPUT SIGNIFICANTLY
REDUCES THE ATAXIA
EXTRAPYRAMIDAL LESION WILL
DEMONSTRATE
THE FACET JOINT IS ____ AND
INNERVATED BY ____
THE DISC IS INNERVATED BY
WHICH IS APPROPRIATELY DESCRIBED AS
NONSEGMENTAL
Neurological deficits
Ataxia
Spinoreticulothalamic tract
Cerebellum
Cord
The lesion is likely in the tract
Hypertonicity
Synovial/both nociceptors and
mechanoreceptors
Both nociceptors and mechanoreceptors
Plexopathy
Peripheral neuropathy
Parietal lobe lesion
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
THE FACET IS INNERVATED FROM THE
____ PRIMARY RAMUS AND THE DISC
FROM THE ____ PRIMARY RAMUS
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A
“MIXED” NERVE
THE MOTOR EXAM INVOLVES CAREFUL
ANALYSIS OF
A LESION OF THE CAUDA EQUINA
WOULD NOT RESULT IN
Posterior/anterior
Peripheral nerve
Strength and tone
Myotome weakness and hyporeflexia
Would result in:
1. Ataxia
2. Diminished pain perception
3. Flexor plantar response
SPASTIC WEAKNESS OF THE LEG WITH A
+BABINSKI AND NONSEGMENTAL LOSS
OF TACTILE PERCEPTION. LESION SITE?
ALL REFLEXES REQUIRE
Cord
An afferent and efferent branch
A LOWER MOTOR NEURON LESION
WOULD NOT INCLUDE
Muscular dystrophy
Would include:
1. Polio
2. Myasthenia gravis
MOTOR UNIT DECENTRALIZATION MAY
RESULT IN
WHICH WOULD RESULT FROM A LESION
OF THE LEMNISCAL PATHWAY
ALPHA MOTOR NEURONS
A SMALL, WELL LOCALIZED AREA OF
ANESTHESIA TO BOTH PIN PRICK AND 2POINT DISCRIMINATION IS BEST
EXPLAINABLE BY A LESION OF THE
Fibrillation potentials
Diminished proprioception
Receive their strongest excitation from the
spindle
Peripheral nerve
NO DATE
WHICH IS NOT EXPECTED TO PRODUCE
FLACCID WEAKNESS
Expected to produce flaccid weakness:
1. CN III nucleus lesion
2. Hemissection of the cord
3. Cauda equina syndrome
Dorsal column lesion
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
LOSS OF A SENSORY ROOT COULD
MANIFEST
THE LEFT PUPIL WILL NOT DILATE IN A
DIMLY LIT ROOM. LESION SITE?
ANISOCORIA COULD NOT RESULT FROM
Dermatome hypoesthesia
Left sympathetic
A unilateral loss of CN II
Could result from:
1. A unilateral loss of the sympathetic
2. A unilateral loss of CN III
3. A unilateral loss of VE fibers to the pupil
THE SYMPTOMOTOLOGY ASSOCIATED
WITH AN IVF LESION SHOULD BE
A LEMNISCAL TRACT LESION WOULD
DEMONSTRATE
THE PRESENCE OF PARESTHESIAE
CONFIRMS THAT THE LESION IS
FLACCID WEAKNESS CONFInD TO A
NONSEGMENTAL GROUP OF MUSCLES OF
ONE EXTREMITY IS LIKELY
AN EXTRAPYRAMIDAL LESION
Segmental
Radicular
Neurological
+Romberg sign
loss of discriminated proprioception
Neurologic
A peripheral neuropathy
Will not produce a +Babinski sign
Consists of:
1. Will present a LMN deficit
2. Will produce spastic paralysis
3. Is not considered to be an UMN
lesion
WHICH NEUROTRANSMITTER BEHAVES
MOST LIKE GABA
MYDRIASIS IS THE RESULT OF
LOSS OF THE CN III NUCLEUS
A +ROMBERG INDICATES THAT THE
LESION IS
WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE OF A
CONDUCTION DEFICIT
WHICH RESPRESENTS A VE LESION
CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME
WHEN THE RIGHT PUPIL CONSTRICTS
DIRECTLY BUT NOT CONSENUALLY
Enkaphalin
Decreased parasympathetic tone
Will have no effect on the papillary light
reflex
Within the tract
Tinel Sign
Hypoesthesia
Paresthesia
Miosis
Mydriasis
Will produce nonsegmental hypotonicity and
hyporeflexia
The left pupil will not constrict directly
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
A RADICULOPATHY COULD NOT EXPLAIN
THE PRESENCE OF
Agraphesthesia
Could explain the presence of:
1. A Tinel’s sign
2. Segmental hypotonicity
3. Myotome hypotonicity
DERMATOME HYPERESTHESIA
Is impossible
“C” NOCICEPTION IS GENERALLY CARRIED
Spinoreticulothalamic
OVER WHICH TRACT
TRUE “AGNOSIA” CAN ONLY OCCUR WITH
Sensory cortex
A LESION OF THE
INCREASED ATAXIA WITH EYES CLOSED
Cordially, cortex
IS OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH A LESION
OF THE
WHEN DISCRIMINATED PAIN IS
Within the cord
PRESERVED BUT CONSCIOUS
PROPRIOCEPTION IS ABSENT, THE
LESION IS
AN UMN LESION RESULTS IN
Statement is true, explanation is false
SPASTICITY BECAUSE OF THE
INCREASING AMOUNT OF
AFFERENTATION FROM THE
ANULOSPIRAL
WHICH CAN ONLY RESULT FROM A
+Romberg
NEUROPATHY
WHAT OCCURS AT THE ACTUAL LEVEL OF
Ipsilateral LMN lesion
THE CORD HEMISECTION
THE SINUVERTEBRAL (RECURRENT) NERVE Proprioceptive, nociceptive and sympathetic
CONTAINS
fibers
THE DESCENDING INHIBITORY PATHWAY Will inhibit A-delta, C fiber and tract pain
(DIP) FROM THE PAG AREA
conduction
HYPERALGESIA IS THE RESULT OF
A non-neurological lesion
WHEN ONLY THE DORSAL ROOT IS
LESIONED
SOMATOTOPIC DISCRIMINATION
REFERS TO
COMPRESSION OF THE MIXED NERVE AT
THE IVF
WHICH COMBINATION IS MOST LIKELY
Least likely combination:
1. Hypontonicity and a +Babinski
2. Paresthesiae and hyperesthesiae
3. Agnosia and dermatome deficits
The DTR may be reduced or diminished
“A” delta fibers
Will reduce sensation in the painful
dermatome
Hyperreflexia and a + Babinski
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
THE FOLLOWING?
AGRAPHESTHESIA, PARESTHESIA,
HYPERREFLEXIA, MIOSIS, AND A
+BABINSKI SIGN
THE MOST POWERFUL EXCITATION
FORCE ACTION ON THE LMN IS THE
They all represent neurological deficits
Anulospiral
SUMMER 2002
THE SYMPTOMATOLOGY ASSOCIATED
WITH AN IVF LESION SHOULD BE
ANISOCORIA COULD NOT RESULT FROM
A NEUROPATHY INVOLVING LOSS OF A
SENSORY ROOT MAY MANIFEST
WHICH SHOULD NOT PRODUCE FLACCID
WEAKNESS
A LEMNISCAL TRACT LESION WILL
CAUSE
A LESION AFFECTING SOMATOSENSORY
AREA 1 SHOULD DEMONSTRATE
THE RIGHT EYE WILL NOT DILATE IN A
DIMLY LIT ROOM. POSSIBLE LESION
SITE
A LESION OF THE INTERNAL CAPSULE
WOULD RESULT IN
CEREBELLAR LOSS WILL PRODUCE
Radicular
Neurological
Segmental
Unilateral loss of CN II
Reduction of the DTR
Lesion of the dorsal columns
Loss of discriminated proprioceptors
Discriminatory nociceptive deficits
Sympathetic atonia
Facial and extremity paralysis
Dysmetria
LOSS OF A PROTION OF THE ABDOMINAL
REFLEX
THE PRESENCE OF PARESTHESIAE
CONFIRMS THAT THE LESION IS
A GRADED POTENTIAL
Is likely when a +Babinski is also present
WHICH COULD NOT BE CLASSIFIED AS A
REFLEX
stereoagnosia
Neurological
May be either excitatory or inhibitory
Classified as a reflex:
1. A cough
2. Papillary constriction in bright light
3. Reciprocal inhibition
A CONDITION CLASSIFIED AS
EXTRAPYRAMIDAL
GABA
Should not demonstrate a +Babinski
Provides CNS inhibitory potentials
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
THE DTR
Is monosynaptic
Is of peripheral origin
Is a primitive proprioceptive response
Segmental in presentation
A UNIQUE AND EXCLUSIVE INDICATOR
OF A RADICULOPAHTY IS THAT ALL
SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS ARE
A CORTICOBULBAR LESION
Is considered to be upper motor neuron
PARESTHESIAE
Are perceived distal to the site of irritation
LOSS OF VE FIBERS OF CN III WILL
PRESERVED DILATION OF THE PUPIL AND
VOLUNTARY EYE MOVEMENT
MYDRIASIS IS THE RSULT OF
SYMPATHETIC ATONIA
A +ROMBERG MEANS THAT THE ATAXIA
IS IMPROVED WITH EYES OPEND AND
HAS RESULTED FROM A TRACT LOSS
THE SOMATOSENSORY AREA II IS
CAPABLE OF “C” FIBER DISCRIMINATION
CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME IS OFTEN
ACCOMPANIED WITH A +BABINSKI
True
False
True
False
False
FALL 2004
WHEN THE PAG FIBERS ARE STIMULATED
A nociceptive afferentation is reduced
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING REUSLTS
FROM A NEUROLOGICAL DEFICIT
MAKING NO DISTINCTION BETWEEN
PERCEPTION AND DISCRIMINATION, THE
PRESENCE OF AGRAPHESTHESIA AND
ASTEREOGNOSIA WOULD RULE OUT A
THEORECTICALLY, A DERMATOME COULD
BECOME ANESTHETIC TO
AN AREA OF REFERRED PAIN AND
PARESTHESIA IS EXPECTED TO
DEMONSTRATE
WHICH COULD PRESENT SEGMENTALLY
Hyperreflexia
INCREASED ATAXIA WHEN EYES ARE
CLOSED IS A FINDING WHICH WOLD BE
ATTRIBUTABLE TO
Brown-Sequard syndrome
Radiculopathy
Pin prick
Deficit
paresthesia
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
SOMATOTOPIC DISCRIMINATION IS
NOT A FUNCTION OF ____ FIBERS
EXTRAPYRAMIDAL LOSS IS COMMONLY
ASSOCIATED WITH
SEGMENTAL FLACCIDITY WOULD, IN ALL
LIKELIHOOD, BE FOUND IN
CONJUNCTION WITH
DAMAGE TO THE ASCENDING TRACT
COULD NOT EXPLAIN
VA
Hyperreactivity of the DTR
Hypertonicity of skeletal muscle
Dermatomal deficits
Horner’s syndrome
Explained the following:
1. +Romberg’s sign
2. ataxia of the lower extremity
3. loss of the superficial reflex
DERMATOMES PRIMARILY HAVE
REFERENCE TO
WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE OF A
CONDUCTION DEFICIT
NONSEGMENTAL SENSORY DEFICITS
THROUGHOUT A HYPOTONIC AND WEAK
EXTREMITY ARE BEST EXPLAINED BY
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING
DEMONSTRATES THE MOST PRIMITIVE
LEVELS OF MECHANOREPTION
A LESION OF THE VENTRAL ROOT
NEURONS SHOULD NOT RESULT IN
A-delta fiber endings
Tinel sign
Paresthesia
Agnosia
A Cortical lesion
DTR
Paresthesia
Results in:
1. VE deficits
2. Hypotonia
3. hyporeflexia
WHEN THE RIGHT PUPIL CONSTRICTS
DIRECTLY BUT NOT CONSENUALLY
CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME
The left pupil will not constrict directly
ATAXIA OF CEREBELLAR ORIGIN
Will produce nonsegmental hypotonicity and
hyporeflexia
Is not correctible by visual input
WHICH IS A VA-VE REFLEX
Papillary
WHICH STATEMENT IS TRUE
Only a VE lesion can cause miosis
False statements:
1. Miosis can only occur due to a lesion of CN
II
2. Miosis can only occur due to an upper
motor neuron lesion
THE FACET IS INNERVATED BY
Sinuvertebral nerve
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
WEAKNESS, HYPERTONICITY,
HYPERREFLEXIA, AND A +BABINSKI OF
THE RIGHT LEG, ASSOCIATED WITH
RIGHT MIOSIS COULD BEST BE
EXPLAINED BY A LESION OF THE
LOCALIZATION OF PAIN ON
STIMULATION OF THE LESION SITE IS
INDICATIVE OF
THE COMBINATION OF UPPER AND
LOWER MOTOR NEURON LESION
PRESENTATION IS UNIQUE TO ____
LESION
SPASTICITY DUE TO A NEUROLOGICAL
LESION RESULTS FROM
ANISOCORIA SHOULD NOT RESULT FROM
Right thoracic spine
A somatic lesion
Cord
A decreased inhibition to the alpha motor
neuron
A unilateral lesion of CN II
Anisocoria should result from:
1. A unilateral lesion of CN III
2. A unilateral sympathetic loss of the eyE
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DOES NOT
INVOLVE A TRACT
DTR
The following involve a tract:
1. Superficial reflex
2. Babinski sign
3. agnosia
THE PATIENT SUFFERING FROM AN
EXTRAPYRAMIDAL LESION
A CONDITION DIAGNOSED AS “LEFT
MYDRIASIS” SHOULD ALSO
DEMONSTRATE
THE MOTOR EXAMINATION CONSISTS
OF EVALUATION OF
THE ONLY DIRECT INFLUENCE ON THE
ALPHA MOTOR NEURON IS FROM THE
WHEN THE NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS
ARE REPRODUCIBLE BY THE PATIENT, THE
LESION IS LIKELY
THE ONLY DEFICIT WHICH IS
CONTRALATERAL AND DISTAL TO THE
SIDE OF CORD HEMISECTION
Experiences hypertonicity
Intact right consensual light reflex
Absent left direct light reflex
Absent left consensual light reflex
Strength and tone
SUMMER 2000
Spindle
In the PNS
Nociception
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
A “LESION” IS BEST DEFINED AS
Hypofunction
WHICH IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH A
PYRAMIDAL LESION
Ataxia
Associated with a pyramidal lesion:
1. Apraxia
2. Extensor plantar reflex
A LESION OF THE ANNULOSPIRAL FIBER
FROM THE SPINDLE WOULD RESULT IN
HORNER’S SYNDROME IS A LESION OF
THE ____ FIBERS
LEFT MIOSIS IS LIKELY TO ALSO
ACCOMPANY
WHICH IS NOT CONSIDERED AN
EXTRAPYRAMIDAL TRACT
Hypotonicity
Hyporeflexia
VE
Left ptosis
Corticospinal
Considered an extrapyramidal tract:
1. rubrospinal
2. tectospinal
3.
vestibulospinal
RECIPROCAL INHIBITION TO THE ALPHA
Antagonistic muscle
MOTORO NEURO ORIGINATES FROM THE
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WILL OCCUR Loss of pain and temperature sensation in the
WITH LEFT HEMISECTION OF THE CORD
right leg
AT T8 FOLLOWING SPINAL SHOCK
WHICH WILL RESULT IN THE
Pyramidal lesion
MANIFESTATION OF A +BABINSKI
SOMATOTOPIC DISCRIMINATION IS A
Post-central gyrus
FUNCTION OF THE
LOSS OF THE RIGHT CONSENUAL REFLEX
Left CN II
COULD OCCUR WITH A LESION OF THE
Right CN II
Edinger-Westphal nucleus
MYDRIASIS IS BEST EXPLAINED AS
Parasympathetic atonia
THE CN III CARRIES
VE and SE fibers only
LOSS OF VE FIBERS TO THE EYE COULD
MANIFEST AS
HORNER’S SYNDROME IS BEST DEFINED
AS
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A
MONOSYNAPTIC REFLEX
AN IVF LESION MUS
Miosis
Mydriasis
Sympathetic atonia
SEGMENTAL NEUROPATHIES ARE THE
RESULT OF LESIONS OF THE
TINEL SIGN INDICATES THAT THE
LESIOIN IS
Annulospiral to alpha motor neuron
Involve both primary rami
Nerve root
Neurological
NEUROMUSCULARSKELETAL
TEST #1
WHICH TRACT IS MOST LIKE THE
PYRAMIDAL
WHEN VISUAL INPUT DOES NOT
IMPROVE THE ATAXIA
SEGMENTAL MUSCLE DEFICITS
Rubrospinal
The lesion is likely within the cerebellum
Are located within the myotome
THE GRASP REFLEX
Occurs from the same lesion that results in a
+Babinski
A SOMATOVISCERAL REFLEX COULD ALSO
SA-VE
BE WRITTEN
THE ONLY ANATOMICAL SITE WHERE
The cord
SENSORY MODALITIES ARE SEPARATED
IS
A +ROMBERG TEST INDICATES THAT
The lesion is in the cord
SUPERFICIAL REFLEXES ARE
DIMINISHED IN LESIONS OF THE
THE LEMNISCAL SYSTEM CARRIES
SOMATOVISCERAL, VISCEROSOMATIC,
ETC…REFLEXES ALL RESULT FROM
WHEN THE RIGHT PUPIL DEMONSTRATES
AN INTACT CONSENUAL BUT AN ABSENT
DIRECT LIGHT REFLEX
PARESTHESIAE RESULT FROM A
NEUROLOGICAL IRRITATION
THE DEEP TENDON AND GTO REFLEXES
ARE BOTH SOMATOSOMATIC
THE DORSAL HORN RECEIVES ONLY SA
INFORMATION
AKINESTHESIA IS AN EXAMPLE OF
ATAXIA
DILATED PUPILS IN A WELL-LIT ROOM
GENERALLY INDICATE
SYMPATHETICOTONIA
Cortex
Cord
Peripheral nerve
Conscious proprioception
Neurological irritation
The lesion is the right CN II
False Statement
True Statement
False Statement
False Statement
True Statement