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IT 318 Aaron Sayre Excellence Project Winter 2010 Electrical/IT Laws Ohmβs Law I=Current (in amperes A) E=Voltage (in volts V) R=Resistance (in Ohms Ξ©) πΈ πΌ= ππ π Power P=Power (in watts w) π = πΌπΈ ππ πΈ = πΌπ π = πΌ2 π ππ ππ π = πΈ πΌ π= πΈ2 π Shannonβs Law ππππππ π ππ π ) ππππ π π ππ π log π΄ Remember that log 2 π΄ = log 2 πΆππππππ‘π¦ = (π΅ππππ€πππ‘β π―π) log 2 (1 + Key Terms and Concepts Voltage is the potential or difference. It is the energy or pressure in a circuit. In S.I. units it is 1 joule/coulomb. (See p. 4). Current is the flow of electrons in a circuit. It is measured in amperes. 1 ampere = 6.24 x 1018/sec. Resistance is the tendency of a material to resist the flow of electrons. It is measured in Ohms (Ξ©). Conductance is the inverse of resistance. It is the tendency in a material to conduct the flow of electrons. Series Circuit: when batteries are applied in series the voltages are added; the ampacity equals the lowest ampacity in the circuit. When resistors are added in series, the total resistance is simply the sum of the individual resistances: π πππ‘ππ = π 1 + π 2 + π π and the voltage drops are added: πΈπππ‘ππ = ππ 1 + ππ 2 + ππ π Parallel Circuit: When batteries are applied in parallel the voltage equals the lowest voltage in the circuit; the ampacities are added. When resistors are added in parallel the total resistance is calculated using the following formula: 1 π πππ‘ππ = 1 1 1 + + π 1 π 2 π π Reactance opposes change in voltage and current in a circuit and causes phase change: XL opposes change in current (I) πΏπ³ = ππ ππΏ (π ππ π―π πππ π³ in Henries H) XC opposes change in voltage (E) πΏπͺ = π ππ ππͺ ((π ππ π―π πππ πͺ in Farads F)