Download WORLD-Dictators Threaten World Peace

Setting the
Stage for War
Following World War I
 World War I brought about new conflicts
 What was the Treaty of Versailles?
 Did not work
 German resentment
 What was going on in the world following WWI?
 Weimar Republic- successful?
 Dictators driven by nationalism
 After the war democracies were set up,
but collapsed
 Dictators were able to take power
Russia becomes the Soviet Union
 Communism established by Lenin in 1922
 Joseph Stalin takes over in 1924
 ?Totalitarian Government?
 Abolished privately owned farms
 Established Collectives- large government
owned farms worked by hundreds of families.
 5 Year Plans- to industrialize quickly
 1937 second strongest power in the world
 Estimated 8 to 13 million killed
 Stalin murdered people who did not agree with him
 Millions more died from hunger
Mussolini’s Italy
 Following WWI- unemployment and inflation =
discontent in Italy
 Italy ruled by a king
 Mussolini takes advantage of discontent
 Powerful speaker
 Played on people’s fears
 1921 Mussolini established Fascist party
 Black Shirts= followers
 Italian King appoints Mussolini head of
government
Adolf Hitler
 Following WWI a jobless soldier
 1919 joined struggling Nazi Party-
German form of fascism based on
extreme nationalism.
 Powerful speaker
 Good organizer
 Became party leader
 The Beer Hall Putsch- 1923 Nazi
Party attempted to gain power in
Munich, but failed.
Mein Kampf
(My Struggle)
 Hitler’s political beliefs
 Nazi expansion
 Unite all German speaking people
 Enforce racial purification (Germans
especially)
 Aryan Race- blue eyed, blond hair=master
race destined to rule the world
o Jews and non-white were only fit to serve
Aryan race
???
What was going on in the world
which helped the Nazi’s gain
power?
How did the Treaty of Versailles
treat Germany?
Nazi’s Gain Power
 War Debts & dependence on
American loans made German
economy suffer.
 By 1932- 6 million unemployed
 Many turned to Hitler for help
 Joined Hitler’s army “Storm Troopers”
 1932 Nazi’s strongest political party in
Germany
 1933 Hitler appointed German chancellor
(Prime Minister)
 Dismantled the Weimar Republic
 Established the Third Reich
Hitler’s First Years
 Bans Strikes
 Gov’t given authority over businesses and
labor
 Unemployment dropped from 6 million
to 1.5 million in 1936!!!!
 Built roads, constructed factories, manufactured
weapons, and served in the military.
 What’s wrong with the above statement?
 Controlled every aspect of German life
 Press, radio, books to embrace Nazi belief
 Hitler Youth & League of German Girls
SPEECH! SPEECH! SPEECH!
The Build Up To World War II
China 1830-1912---(1912 Proves To Be
A Very Important Year For China
Militaristic Japan
 Emperor reigns but doesn’t
rule
 1920’s extreme military leaders
attempted to overthrow the
emperor.
 Great Depression put blame on
government
 Unsuccessful
 Military leaders launch surprise
attack on China anyway
 In Manchuria
 Why would Japan want to invade another country?
Manchukuo- 1931
 Within months Japan controlled
this area
 Set up a “puppet government”
Why didn’t China win against tiny
Japan?
 Back in 1912- Democracy
established in China
 Chiang Kai-shek (democratic)
could not defeat the Japanese
 Better equipped and trained (westernization)
 Conquer Beijing and Nanjing
 The Democratic Chinese set up new capital in west and
continue to fight Mao Zedong (a Chinese communist)
Japanese Invasions
 What’s the League of
Nations?
 Sent people to investigate
 What did Japan do?
 Militarists in total control
of Japan
Show the Japanese Flick Here!
Italy Conquers
 Ethiopia
 Resisted Italians in 1890s
 Mussolini wants revenge
 October 1935 defeats the
Ethiopians
 Italians had modern weapons,
Ethiopians did not
 League condemns Italy but
does nothing
 Hope to keep peace by giving
in
Hitler Ignores Versailles Treaty
 See’s the League did
nothing to Japan or ItalyHitler builds up army.
 League could not stop
him
 Actually makes Hitler
more confident
 Rhineland
 Buffer between Germany
and France
 Hitler invades despite
warnings
 What happens?
 Appeasement
 Giving in to the opponent
to keep peace
 If Britain had stepped in at
this point, Hitler would of
stopped.
 Strengthens Hitler’s
prestige and power
 Opens up Belgium and
France to Germany
 Axis Powers Formed
 Italy and Japan decide to
join up with Germany
Taking the Rhineland
Video Clip #2
The Spanish Civil War
 Francisco Franco
 Fascist leader starts
civil war in Spain
 Hitler and Mussolini
come to his aid
 Western
democracies stay
out of it
 Russia helps a little
 Franco wins and
becomes dictator
The Final Steps
 U.S. was still Isolationist
 Passes Neutrality Acts
 The Third Reich
 Appeasement Round 2 (Hitler
 March 1938
Calls A Meeting)
 Germany annexes Austria
 Munich Conference
 France and Britain ignore
 Germany, France, Britain, Italy
pledge to protect Austria
 Neville Chamberlain
 Sudetenland
 British P.M. chooses
appeasement
 Area of Czech made up of
 Gives Germany Sudetenland if
German speakers
Germany would respect Czech
 Hitler demands rule of
border
the area
 Winston Churchill
 Czech’s ask for help
 Warns that appeasement would
lead to war
Was Hitler really
done?
Six Months Later
 March, 1938
 Hitler takes
Czechoslovakia
 Mussolini takes Albania
 Hitler demands Danzig
port from Poland
 Doesn’t think Britain and
France will risk war
 Hitler and Stalin sign
nonaggression pact
 August 23rd, 1939
 Why?
 No one is left to stop the
Axis Powers