Download Nursery Written Exam - Klein

Klein FFA Invitational 2016 Nursery/Landscape Quiz
Do not write on this exam. Answer keys will be available at the conclusion of the contest.
1. Two basic types of pruning are heading-back and thinningout. Which of the following is true
about these pruning methods?
A. Heading cuts remove a portion of the stem and only
terminal buds are left.
B. Thinning cuts leave behind a good portion of the
stem and many axillary buds.
C. Heading cuts usually remove entire branches and
leave no buds.
D. Thinning cuts are made close to a main branch or
ground and few axillary buds are left.
2. In plants, ________ is the process of converting stored
energy into energy for plant growth.
A. Respiration
B. Transpiration
C. Pollination
D. Photosynthesis
3. Which LD-50 rating listed is the most potentially lethal to
a human, based on animal
studies?
A. 84
B. 945
C. 1750
D. 10,000
4. Plant diseases caused by rain splashed microorganisms
from the ground can be reduced
by __.
A. removing all mulch from around and underneath the
plant
B. removing all mulch outside the drip line
C. applying mulch around and underneath plants
D. using only clean topsoil as backfill
5. In most plants, a hormone called auxin is produced by the
terminal bu It moves downward
into the shoot and inhibits the growth and development of
lateral buds. This is called:
A. Apical dominance
B. Lateral dominance
C. Terminal bud inhibition
D. The apex auxin complex
6. Blue spots along the cutting edge of a rotary mower blade
after sharpening indicate that
_______.
A. the blade was made of inferior metal
B. the metal was distorted during sharpening
C. the blade was overheated during sharpening
D. there are dull spots remaining on the blade
7. A pencil lead that is soft, prints well, erases easily, and
tends to smear easily is .
A. F
B. 9H
C. 2H
D. 3B
8. To preserve the germination ability of most seeds, store
them in a:
A. Warm, dry environment
B. Cool environment after scarification
C. Cool, dry environment
D. Warm, moist environment after stratification
9. When trying to save trees on a construction site, cut and fill
under the drip line of the trees
should be limited to a depth of inches.
A. 6
B. 8
C. 0 (Never cut or fill under the drip line of trees.)
D. 18
10. Which of the following is important in producing a
uniform size and quality container grown
nursery crop?
A. Use the same soil mix for the entire crop
B. Leave a uniform water space at the top of each pot
C. Tamp the soil to the same degree of firmness in each
pot
D. All of the above
11. The terms triploid, diploid and haploid refer to the
____________.
A. number of bud breaks expected after pruning
B. number of chromosomes
C. formation of leaves
D. number of flowers per stem
12. The thick portion of a seed that contain the tissue used as
food by the seedling in its early
growth is the:
A. Gymnosperm
B. Monoecious
C. Endosperm
D. Dioecious
13. Water availability, temperature extremes, and
__________should be considered when
selecting trees for the landscape.
A. Buildings present
B. Slope
C. Soil type
D. Topography
14. A transplanted tree or shrub should be set into the ground:
A. At the same depth at which it was originally growing
B. 50 percent deeper than it was originally planted
C. So that the top roots are exposed to the air
D. With the top of the container slightly covered
15. The optimum germination temperature for most bedding
plant seeds is:
A. 60 to 65ºF
B. 50 to 55ºF
C. 75 to 85ºF
D. 65 to 75ºF
16. Which of the following is the proper recommendation for
pruning trees at planting:
A. B. Trees should be cut back to at least one-half their
size to prevent stress on root systems
B. Trees should not be pruned until the third year after
planting
C. Trees should not be pruned at all – the latest trend is
to let them develop naturally
D. Pruning should be limited to shaping the plant by
removing dead or damaged limbs
17. When planting a bare-rooted tree, the tree should be
planted:
A. C. At 6 inches below the original soil level
B. Directly even with the original soil level
C. At 2 inches above the original soil level
D. at 6 inches above the original soil level
18. A plant that produces flowers that have either stamens or
pistils, but not both on the same
plant is called:
A. Staminate
B. Angiosperm
C. Monecious
D. Dioecious
19. The synthetic growth regulator, Indole -3-butyric Acid
(IBA), is used in the nursery trade as
a ___.
A. foliage preservative
B. rooting hormone
C. surfactant
D. insect control
20. The soil pH level primarily controls:
A. Soil temperature
B. Availability of essential plant nutrients
C. Moisture absorption by roots
D. Activity of soil-borne diseases
21. A friable soil is one that:
A. Is rich in N, P, and K
B. Is loose and of good structure and texture
C. Is high in clay particles
D. Requires humus and fertilizer to be productive
22. A major advantage for producing nursery stock in
containers is that it:
A. Is less expensive than growing in nursery fields
B. Allows for transplanting any time during the growing
season
C. Requires less water and fertilization than field-grown
crops
D. Requires less labor than field-grown crop
23. The process in which water, grass seed, fertilizer,
cellulose fiber and a glue type material
are mixed together and sprayed onto the soil to establish turf
is called _______________.
A. hydroseeding
B. pressure spray
C. seed injection
D. top dressing
24. When mowing Bermuda grass lawns, what is the general
range for the proper height of
cut?
A. 5 inches
B. 4 inches
C. 3 to 4 inches
D. 1.5 to 2.5 inches
25. The Oak Leaf Nursery advertised a group of trees with a
trunk caliper of 3 inches. In the
trade, it is assumed that this measurement was taken:
A. 18 inches above ground level
B. At breast height (4½ feet above the rootball)
C. At the base of the rootball
D. 6 inches above ground level
26. Soil around the foundation of a house is often more
alkaline than surrounding soil due to
which of the following?
A. Leaching from the masonry mortar on the home and
masonry debris from construction
B. Leaching from the home’s paint
C. Decaying wood scraps that were buried around the
foundation during construction
D. Chemicals applied to prevent termites
27. When installing a landscape, which step (from the
following list) should be completed
LAST?
A. Add amendments to the soil
B. Install the drainage system
C. Plant the trees and shrubs
D. Build retaining walls and garden walkways
28. An “x” in the botanical name of a plant means the plant:
A. B. Comes true to type from seed and vegetative
propagation
B. Is a true hybrid
C. Comes true to type from only seed propagation
D. Has been grafted
29. What is the function of the axillary bud on the stem?
A. To provide food storage
B. To aid in seed dispersal
C. To help heal wounds of the plant
D. To produce a new leaf or stem
37. Which of the following is microscopic?
A. Thrips
B. Nematodes
C. Spider mites
D. Aphids
30. Which signal word for pesticide labels indicates the
lowest level of toxicity?
A. Caution
B. Danger
C. Warning
D. Careful
38. When mowing turf, it is recommended that no more than
______ of the leaf blade be
removed at each cutting.
A. one third
B. one half
C. two thirds
D. one eighth
31. One function of the stomates is to:
A. Prevent disease
B. Give off water vapor
C. Photosynthesize
D. Produce pollen
32. Which of the following is the best definition of an F1
hybrid?
A. B. a plant that is genetically superior to all other
cultivars
B. a plant that is genetically inferior to all other cultivars
C. the first generation of seedlings from genetically
different parents
D. the first cross between the offspring of A,B, C, D and
E generations
33. Joe’s landscaping pays rent, legal fees, utilities and
insurance, all of which are classified as
____
A. overhead costs
B. variable costs
C. marginal costs
D. contingency costs
34. Food produced in the leaves moves to other parts of a
plant through the ___________ .
A. Xylem
A. Phloem
B. Veins
C. Arteries
35. The best time to spray a glyphosate is:
A. Just before a rain
B. When weed growth is mature
C. Just before weed seeds germinate
D. When weeds are in active growth
36. Trees are fertilized with granular fertilizer by spreading it
within _______.
A. a four foot radius of the trunk
B. the drip line
C. the drip line and at least ten feet beyond the drip line
D. a 30 foot radius of the trunk
39. The loss of water in the form of vapor from the surface of
plant leaves is referred to as:
A. Respiration
B. Oxidation
C. Transpiration
D. Condensation
40. When planting B&B plants:
A. The burlap should be completely removed from the
ball
B. The burlap should be pulled up and tied securely to
the trunk for protection
C. The burlap should be allowed to dry completely
before planting 24
D. The tie string should be cut from the trunk of the
plant
41. Soft pencil leads are indicated by the letter __________ .
A. H
B. H1
C. B
D. F
42. All other things being equal, which diameter of pipe or
combination of pipes will carry the
most water?
A. One 2 inch pipe
B. Three 1 inch pipes
C. Five ½ inch pipes
D. Four ¾ inch pipes
43. The ideal soil is composed of_________________.
A. 25% water, 25% air and 50% solid material
B. 25% solid material, 25% air and 50% water
C. 25% solid material, 25% water and 50% air
D. 25% air, 25% nutrients and 50% water 40
44. Paul had 400 containers of mature Salvia to wholesale to
a landscaper. His cost of
producing the plants, including labor, was $832. If he adds
30% to the cost of production as his
profit, how much will he charge the landscaper per container?
A. $4.81
B. $2.14
C. $0.27
D. $2.70
45. For maximum effectiveness, mulches should be applied
about _____ deep.
A. 1 inch
B. 3-4 inches
C. 8-10 inches
D. 10-12 inches
46. One of the best ways to speed up the rooting process of
cuttings is to:
A. Keep the soil cool and the foliage warm
B. Harden them off by laying them out to dry a few days
before sticking
C. Always take cuttings after mid-day
D. Provide bottom heat
47. Which type of insecticide would be most effective against
sucking-type insects?
A. Contact
B. Dust
C. Systemic
D. Aerosol
48. Plants need _____ essential elements for proper growth
and development.
A. 3
B. 8
C. 16
D. 32
49. Flowering plants that are tetraploid have reduced
maintenance costs because of the reduced need to
________________.
A. dead head
B. water
C. fertilize
D. spray for insects
50. Who is responsible for establishing the binomial system
for naming plants?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bernuli
Aristotle
Linnaeus
Weinberg
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